Journal
CROP PROTECTION
Volume 89, Issue -, Pages 202-208Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2016.07.023
Keywords
Bt-maize; Busseola fusca; Chilo partellus; Confined field trial; GM crops; MON810
Categories
Funding
- Water Efficient Maize for Africa (WEMA) Project
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
- US Agency for International Development (USAID), through Africa Agricultural Technology Foundation (AAFT) [OPP1019943]
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Resercah Organization (KALRO)
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1019943] Funding Source: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
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A study was conducted to assess the performance of maize hybrids with Bt event MON810 (Bt-hybrids) against the maize stem borer Busseola fusca (Fuller) in a biosafety greenhouse (BGH) and against the spotted stem borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) under confined field trials (CFT) in Kenya for three seasons during 2013-2014. The study comprised 14 non-commercialized hybrids (seven pairs of near-isogenic Bt and non-Bt hybrids) and four non-Bt commercial hybrids. Each plant was artificially infested twice with 10 first instar larvae. In CFT, plants were infested with C. partellus 14 and 24 days after planting; in BGH, plants were infested with B. fusca 21 and 31 days after planting. In CFT, the seven Bt hybrids significantly differed from their non-Bt counterparts for leaf damage, number of exit holes, percent tunnel length, and grain yield. When averaged over three seasons, Bt-hybrids gave the highest grain yield (9.7 t ha(-1)), followed by non-Bt hybrids (6.9 t ha(-1)) and commercial checks (6 t ha(-1)). Bt-hybrids had the least number of exit holes and percent tunnel length in all the seasons as compared to the non-Bt hybrids and commercial checks. In BGH trials, Bt-hybrids consistently suffered less leaf damage than their non-Bt near isolines. The study demonstrated that MON810 was effective in controlling B. fusca and C. partellus. Bt-maize, therefore, has great potential to reduce the risk of maize grain losses in Africa due to stem borers, and will enable the smallholder farmers to produce high-quality grain with increased yield, reduced insecticide inputs, and improved food security. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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