Article
Environmental Sciences
Anisma R. Gokoel, Arti Shankar, Firoz Abdoel Wahid, Ashna D. Hindori-Mohangoo, Hannah H. Covert, Jeffrey K. Wickliffe, Emily W. Harville, Wilco C. W. R. Zijlmans, Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Summary: The study found a significant direct relationship between perceived stress and birthweight, while the relationship between depression and birth outcomes was not significant. Additionally, perceived stress was significantly associated with community engagement and individual resilience, and BMI was significantly directly associated with birthweight. The latent chemical construct did not show an association with the birth outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ruipeng Tong, Boling Zhang
Summary: With the increasing awareness of stressors, cumulative risk assessment (CRA) has been proposed as a potential method to evaluate the additive and synergistic effects of multiple stressors on human health and inform environmental regulation and public health. However, CRA is still in its exploratory stage due to the lack of widely accepted quantitative approaches. This study conducted a systematic literature review and identified the need for developing quantitative approaches and including occupational settings in CRA research.
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Richard E. Grewelle, Elizabeth Mansfield, Fiorenza Micheli, Giulio De Leo
Summary: This article discusses the widespread and increasing stressors faced by species and ecosystems, and the lack of data for detailed, quantitative risk assessment. To address this issue, researchers have developed EcoRAMS, a tool that provides statistically robust ecological risk assessments of multiple stressors in data-poor contexts.
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Effah Kwabena Antwi, John Boakye-Danquah, Wiafe Owusu-Banahene, Anna Dabros, Ian M. S. Eddy, Daniel Abraham Silver, Evisa Abolina, Brian Eddy, Richard S. Winder
Summary: Regional environmental risk assessment is a practical approach to understanding and proactively addressing the cumulative effects of resource development in areas of regional importance. However, frameworks to identify and prioritize regional risk issues to guide effective management decisions are lacking. This research developed a risk assessment framework for scoping regional cumulative effects issues and prioritizing impacts of mining.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Markus Weitere, Rolf Altenburger, Christine Anlanger, Martina Baborowski, Ilona Baerlund, Liza-Marie Beckers, Dietrich Borchardt, Werner Brack, Lisa Brase, Wibke Busch, Antonis Chatzinotas, Bjorn Deutschmann, Jens Eligehausen, Karin Frank, Daniel Graeber, Christian Griebler, Jeske Hagemann, Peter Herzsprung, Henner Hollert, Pedro A. Inostroza, Christoph G. Jaeger, Rene Kallies, Norbert Kamjunke, Bernhard Karrasch, Sigrid Kaschuba, Andrew Kaus, Bernd Klauer, Kay Knoeller, Matthias Koschorreck, Martin Krauss, Julia Kunz, Marie J. Kurz, Matthias Liess, Margarete Mages, Christin Mueller, Matthias Muschket, Andreas Musolff, Helge Norf, Florian Poehlein, Lena Reiber, Ute Risse-Buhl, Karl-Werner Schramm, Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen, Markus Schmitz, Ulrike Strachauer, Wolf von Tuempling, Nina Weber, Romy Wild, Christine Wolf, Mario Brauns
Summary: The study identified multiple stressors including hydromorphological alterations, elevated nutrient levels, elevated organic matter levels, micropollutants, and toxicity-related stress in a river ecosystem in Germany. These stressors, mainly originating from wastewater treatment plants, have negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems, leading to loss of biodiversity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eloisa D. Caldas
Summary: This paper presents and discusses different strategies to estimate the risks from dietary exposure to multiple pesticides. It highlights the challenge of defining a cumulative assessment group and the lack of harmonization among regulatory agencies. Most studies indicate potential health risks from cumulative exposure when very conservative assumptions are used in the assessment.
CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Peter L. Tyack, Len Thomas, Daniel P. Costa, Ailsa J. Hall, Catriona M. Harris, John Harwood, Scott D. Kraus, Patrick J. O. Miller, Michael Moore, Theoni Photopoulou, Enrico Pirotta, Rosalind M. Rolland, Lori H. Schwacke, Samantha E. Simmons, Brandon L. Southall
Summary: This article advocates for a new approach to assess the cumulative risk of multiple stressors on protected wildlife populations within ecosystems. Studying mechanistic pathways can help prioritize stressors and interpret their interactions. Integrating methods from the human health field into ecosystem management can protect wildlife populations and prevent species extinction.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gerjan Piet, Anne Grundlehner, Ruud Jongbloed, Jacqueline Tamis, Pepijn de Vries
Summary: This study introduces SCAIRM, a Spatially explicit Cumulative Impact Assessment method for Ecosystem-Based Management. It combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide comprehensive assessment outcomes.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Julia R. R. Varshavsky, Swati D. G. Rayasam, Jennifer B. B. Sass, Daniel A. A. Axelrad, Carl F. F. Cranor, Dale Hattis, Russ Hauser, Patricia D. D. Koman, Emily C. C. Marquez, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Catherine Oksas, Sharyle Patton, Joshua F. F. Robinson, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Peggy M. M. Shepard, Tracey J. J. Woodruff
Summary: A key element of risk assessment is accounting for the full range of variability in response to environmental exposures. Current default adjustment factors do not sufficiently capture human variability in dose-response and thus are inadequate to protect the entire population. Updated methods and data, including the use of increased default human variability factors and separate adjustment factors, are recommended to improve consideration of human variability and susceptibility in risk assessment.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ben J. Kefford, Susan J. Nichols, Richard P. Duncan
Summary: Understanding the cumulative effects of multiple stressors on biodiversity is crucial for effective management. Our study found that the impacts of salinity and turbidity on the richness of stream macroinvertebrate families varied depending on the environmental context, showing additive, antagonistic, or synergistic outcomes.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muhammad Ishaq Khan, Muhammad Mubashir, Dzulkarnain Zaini, Mater H. Mahnashi, Bandar A. Alyami, Ali O. Alqarni, Pau Loke Show
Summary: This research work developed a comprehensive tool for assessing the cumulative ecotoxicological impact of ionic liquids (ILs) on aquatic life. The study evaluated the impact of different ILs on various aquatic species and determined the acceptable concentrations and risk values. Results indicated that certain imidazolium ILs had lower risk values and were more suitable for selected aquatic species.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Simon F. Thrush, Judi E. Hewitt, Rebecca V. Gladstone-Gallagher, Candida Savage, Carolyn Lundquist, Teri O'Meara, Amanda Vieillard, Jenny R. Hillman, Stephanie Mangan, Emily J. Douglas, Dana E. Clark, Andrew M. Lohrer, Conrad Pilditch
Summary: Marine ecosystems are susceptible to tipping points, especially in the coastal zones. Elevated turbidity can lead to the decoupling of ecosystem processes in estuaries, reducing their capacity for denitrification. The significance of managing multiple stressors and preserving or increasing the abundance of shellfish has been highlighted.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chong Huang, Xiangjun Hou, He Li
Summary: Agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPSP) is a significant risk factor for water environments, especially in coastal areas. This study proposes a new model to assess the risk of nitrogen pollution from agricultural cultivation in the coastal zone of the Yellow River Delta. The model takes into account environmental factors, distance to rivers and the sea, and topographical parameters, resulting in more reliable risk assessments for ANPSP in coastal zones.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mei-Lien Chen, Chih-Hsien Chen, Yu-Fang Huang, Hsin-Chang Chen, Jung-Wei Chang
Summary: Photoinitiators used in ultraviolet-cured ink may migrate from food packaging materials into food products. A dietary risk assessment was conducted to quantify the exposure to benzophenone-type photoinitiators and reduce associated uncertainties. The study found that the estimated daily dose of photoinitiators was below the toxicological concern threshold, indicating an acceptable level of cumulative toxicity. However, different results may occur if specific migration limits for unmeasured photoinitiator residues in other foodstuffs are followed.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Iman Al-Saleh, Rola Elkhatib, Hissah Alnuwaysir, Hesham Aldhalaan, Abdulaziz Binmanee, Amal Hawari, Fahad Alhazzani, Mohammad Bin Jabr
Summary: Phthalates are commonly used plasticizers in consumer products, and exposure to specific phthalates can occur in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This study assessed the cumulative risk of exposure to phthalates in preterm neonates in the NICU using urinary phthalate metabolites. The results showed that preterm neonates in the NICU are at high risk of cumulative phthalate exposure with anti-androgenic properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Suzanne E. Fenton, Alan Ducatman, Alan Boobis, Jamie C. DeWitt, Christopher Lau, Carla Ng, James S. Smith, Stephen M. Roberts
Summary: Reports on the impacts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on the environment and human health have increased substantially in peer-reviewed literature. Epidemiological studies have shown associations between exposure to specific PFAS and various health effects, and further research is needed to understand differences in responses between sexes, species, and life stages. More contemporary approaches such as read-across, molecular dynamics, and protein modeling are proposed to accelerate the development of toxicity information on PFAS, as well as the need for precaution to protect human health given the known effects of certain PFAS compounds.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Maria Battistoni, Renato Bacchetta, Francesca Di Renzo, Francesca Metruccio, Angelo Moretto, Elena Menegola
Summary: In this study, a refined alternative amphibian method (R-FETAX) was proposed to evaluate chemical induced embryotoxicity. Using the amphibian Xenopus laevis as the model, which has more comparable organ development and morphology to mammalian systems, the study found that different effects of valproate were observed depending on the exposure window, including embryo-lethal and teratogenic effects, as well as neurobehavioral deficits.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Antonio Hernandez Jerez, Paulien Adriaanse, Philippe Berny, Tamara Coja, Sabine Duquesne, Andreas Focks, Marina Marinovich, Maurice Millet, Olavi Pelkonen, Silvia Pieper, Aaldrik Tiktak, Christopher Topping, Anneli Widenfalk, Martin Wilks, Gerrit Wolterink, Maj Rundlof, Alessio Ippolito, Alberto Linguadoca, Laura Martino, Martina Panzarea, Andrea Terron, Annette Aldrich
Summary: The French authorities requested restrictions on the use of acetamiprid due to concerns about its risks to humans and the environment. The EFSA evaluated the evidence and found no conclusive proof of higher risks to human health compared to previous assessments, but recommended further assessment of its endocrine disrupting properties. For the environment, no conclusive evidence of higher risks compared to previous assessments was found, but the potential high sensitivity of birds and bees to acetamiprid requires further consideration.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Antonio Hernandez Jerez, Paulien Adriaanse, Philippe Berny, Tamara Coja, Sabine Duquesne, Andreas Focks, Marina Marinovich, Maurice Millet, Olavi Pelkonen, Silvia Pieper, Aaldrik Tiktak, Christopher Topping, Anneli Widenfalk, Martin Wilks, Gerrit Wolterink, Maj Rundlof, Alessio Ippolito, Alberto Linguadoca, Laura Martino, Martina Panzarea, Andrea Terron, Annette Aldrich
Summary: Flupyradifurone is a novel butenolide insecticide that has raised concerns about its potential risks to bees and humans. Through research and evaluation, it was found that this substance may pose serious hazards to certain bee species and potentially have genotoxic effects on humans.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniela Basso, Ada Aita, Filippo Navaglia, Paola Mason, Stefania Moz, Alessio Pinato, Barbara Melloni, Luca Iannelli, Andrea Padoan, Chiara Cosma, Angelo Moretto, Alberto Scuttari, Daniela Mapelli, Rosario Rizzuto, Mario Plebani
Summary: Salivary-based surveillance with contact tracing effectively allowed to limit SARS-CoV-2 contagion, also in a population with a high incidence.
Article
Toxicology
John E. Doe, Alan R. Boobis, Samuel M. Cohen, Vicki L. Dellarco, Penelope A. Fenner-Crisp, Angelo Moretto, Timothy P. Pastoor, Rita S. Schoeny, Jennifer G. Seed, Douglas C. Wolf
Summary: Concerns over potentially carcinogenic substances have led to various classification schemes, but binary choices are not effective in managing these substances. Hence, we propose a new classification scheme that categorizes carcinogens based on their mode of action and potency, providing better guidance in their regulation and management.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giancarlo Ottaviano, Alfonso Luca Pendolino, Gino Marioni, Maria Angiola Crivellaro, Bruno Scarpa, Ennio Nardello, Chiara Pavone, Maria Vittoria Trimarchi, Enrico Alexandre, Clervie Genovois, Angelo Moretto, Marco Marani, Peter James Andrews, Rosario Marchese-Ragona
Summary: This study reveals the relationship between air pollution, allergen concentration, and upper airway diseases. PM10 concentrations on specific days are associated with certain upper airway disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Verena N. Schreier, Christian Appenzeller-Herzog, Beat J. Bruschweiler, Birgit Geueke, Martin F. Wilks, Thomas J. Simat, Benoit Schilter, Martin Smiesko, Jane Muncke, Alex Odermatt, Nicolas Roth
Summary: This article presents a systematic evidence map (SEM) that aims to identify and organize existing knowledge clusters and associated gaps in hazard and exposure information of PET oligomers. The study intends to provide insights for chemical risk assessment and support future toxicity testing strategies and regulatory decision-making regarding PET oligomers.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Eileen Deuster, John A. Tomenson, Fahim Mohamed, Indika Gawarammana, Nicholas A. Buckley, Martin F. Wilks, Michael Eddleston
Summary: This study validated the relationship between reported dose and blood paraquat concentration, and investigated whether vomiting occurred within 30 minutes and its association with outcomes in patients with paraquat poisoning. The results showed a linear trend between reported dose and plasma paraquat concentration. Vomiting within 30 minutes was associated with a higher risk of death and larger paraquat ingestions. Overall, there was no evidence of benefit resulting from the use of emetics in the current production standard for paraquat SL formulation.
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Kamila Blum, Rex FitzGerald, Martin F. Wilks, Ester Lovsin Barle, Nancy B. Hopf
Summary: N-Nitrosamines are potent carcinogens and recent data suggest the existence of a threshold for genotoxicity, which has implications for setting occupational exposure limits (OELs). OELs play a critical role in protecting workers from nitrosamine exposure, particularly in the rubber and chemical industry. The present study proposes OELs based on the benchmark dose approach and read-across method, with a preference for benchmark dose lower confidence limit as the point-of-departure.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Sofia Pavanello, Angelo Moretto, Carlo La Vecchia, Gianfranco Alicandro
Summary: Many studies have been conducted on the relationship between non-sugar sweeteners (NSS) and cancer in the past five decades, but the issue still remains of interest. In this comprehensive review, both toxicological and epidemiological evidence on the possible link between NSS consumption and cancer risk were quantitatively evaluated. The majority of studies showed no associations between NSS consumption and cancer, and the risks found in a few studies were not confirmed by others. Based on the review of both experimental and epidemiological data, it can be concluded that there is no evidence of cancer risk associated with NSS consumption.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Paola Mason, Rosario Rizzuto, Luca Iannelli, Flavio Baccaglini, Valerio Rizzolo, Andrea Baraldo, Barbara Melloni, Francesca Maffione, Camilla Pezzoli, Maria Laura Chiozza, Giampietro Rupolo, Marco Biasioli, Filippo Liviero, Maria Luisa Scapellato, Andrea Trevisan, Stefano Merigliano, Alberto Scuttari, Angelo Moretto, Bruno Scarpa
Summary: This study investigated the adverse effects of two SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in a real-life preventive setting at the University of Padova in Italy. It was found that the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine caused more adverse effects after the first dose, while the BNT162b2 vaccine caused more adverse effects after the second dose.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Ellen Dyson, Rachel Helbig, Tessa Avermaete, Kate Halliwell, Philip C. Calder, Lynn R. Brown, John Ingram, Bert Popping, Hans Verhagen, Alan R. Boobis, Isabelle Guelinckx, Louise Dye, Neil Boyle
Summary: The reverberations of the Ukraine-Russia conflict have had a profound global impact in 2022, exacerbating existing pressures on global systems. The vulnerabilities of the global food system have been exposed, resulting in disruptions to food supply chains and disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations in the Global South.
Meeting Abstract
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Angelo Moretto
SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK
(2022)