Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irene Hwang, Myungjin Kim
Summary: Sestrins are stress-induced proteins critical for stress adaptation and metabolic homeostasis. They are highly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues, highlighting their significance in physiological homeostasis. Sestrin expression is dynamically controlled based on physical activity level and stress. They play a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis, exercise adaptation, stress resistance, and repair, potentially mediating the benefits of therapeutics. This minireview summarizes recent findings on the role of Sestrins in regulating muscle physiology and homeostasis.
Review
Cell Biology
Gregory Livshits, Alexander Kalinkovich
Summary: The increase in lifespan and proportion of older adults has resulted in a rise in age-associated chronic diseases, such as sarcopenia and obesity. Sestrins, a family of proteins, play a crucial role in cellular adaption to stress and have shown potential in treating sarcopenia and obesity in pre-clinical models. Activation of sestrins can eliminate senescent cells and resolve inflammation. Therefore, sestrin activation, inflammation resolution, and senescent cell elimination may be a novel treatment strategy for age-associated sarcopenia and obesity.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Duranti, Chiara Villa
Summary: ALS is a fatal disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons, leading to muscle damage and paralysis. Muscle research plays a crucial role in understanding the molecular mechanisms and developing treatments for this disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Bosco, Lorenza Guarnieri, Saverio Nucera, Miriam Scicchitano, Stefano Ruga, Antonio Cardamone, Samantha Maurotti, Cristina Russo, Anna Rita Coppoletta, Roberta Macri, Irene Bava, Federica Scarano, Fabio Castagna, Maria Serra, Rosamaria Caminiti, Jessica Maiuolo, Francesca Oppedisano, Sara Ilari, Filomena Lauro, Luigi Giancotti, Carolina Muscoli, Cristina Carresi, Ernesto Palma, Micaela Gliozzi, Vincenzo Musolino, Vincenzo Mollace
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate if chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats can be a valid model to study muscle atrophy and consequent osteoporosis. The results showed that CCI can cause significant decreases in muscle mass and bone mass and alterations in the expression of molecular markers of muscle atrophy and osteoporosis. This study suggests that CCI may serve as a valid approach to study muscle-bone crosstalk and to identify new strategies to prevent osteosarcopenia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yan Yan, Ming Li, Jie Lin, Yanan Ji, Kexin Wang, Dajun Yan, Yuntian Shen, Wei Wang, Zhongwei Huang, Haiyan Jiang, Hualin Sun, Lei Qi
Summary: This review summarizes the role of AMPK in regulating mitochondrial function and its impact on skeletal muscle metabolism and health.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yann S. Gallot, Kyle R. Bohnert
Summary: Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic tissue capable of adapting to various stimuli, with ER stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) being induced under conditions such as exercise, hypoxia, and calcium imbalances. The UPR in skeletal muscle is still being elucidated, as evidence suggests its involvement in various catabolic stimuli and potential roles in maintaining homeostasis or driving atrophy. Continued investigations into the individual molecules of this complex pathway are crucial for a full understanding of the mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Feng-Min Zhang, Hao-Fan Wu, Han-Ping Shi, Zhen Yu, Cheng-Le Zhuang
Summary: Sarcopenia is a systemic skeletal muscle disorder that often affects the elderly population and is more common in cancer patients. It not only changes body composition but also leads to increased complications, reduced treatment efficacy, and shortened survival.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sarah A. A. Verga, Sarbesh R. R. Pandeya, Joseph B. B. Kowal, Randall J. J. Cochran, Stefanie Lim, Julianna C. C. Sabol, Joan R. R. Coates, Seward B. B. Rutkove
Summary: In this study, electrical impedance myography (EIM) was used to assess the skeletal muscle health of 73 dogs. The results showed that the phase values of the muscles decreased with age, with the most significant decline observed in the oldest dogs. The assessment suggested that EIM has potential for evaluating canine muscle health and aging muscle research.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Joseph J. Bass, Edward J. O. Hardy, Thomas B. Inns, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Mathew Piasecki, Robert H. Morris, Abi Spicer, Craig Sale, Ken Smith, Philip J. Atherton, Bethan E. Phillips
Summary: This study aimed to develop an experimental paradigm to investigate muscles with different susceptibility to atrophy, with the hope of uncovering central mechanisms. Results showed that after immobilization, there were differences in muscle volume and thickness between the tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles, providing valuable insights into mechanisms of disuse atrophy.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Azubuike Victor Chukwuka, Fisayo C. Jerome, Adesola Hassan, Benjamin Ebonwu, Aina O. Adeogun
Summary: This study investigates the association between muscle pathologies and oxidative stress in blue crabs. The findings show that the uptake of redox-active metals in muscle tissue is related to lipid peroxidation and the prevalence of myopathies. The study also identifies severe skeletal muscle deterioration associated with parasite cysts.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lin Liu, Hiroyuki Koike, Takehito Ono, Shinichiro Hayashi, Fujimi Kudo, Atsushi Kaneda, Hiroyuki Kagechika, Ichiro Manabe, Tomoki Nakashima, Yumiko Oishi
Summary: KLF5 is identified as a key mediator of early muscle atrophy program, regulating atrophy-related programs such as metabolic changes and proteolysis. Pharmacological intervention with Am80 can suppress muscle atrophy and its expression increases in age and sarcopenia conditions, suggesting a potential preventive treatment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Hirotaka Araki, Shinjiro Hino, Kotaro Anan, Kanji Kuribayashi, Kan Etoh, Daiki Seko, Ryuta Takase, Kensaku Kohrogi, Yuko Hino, Yusuke Ono, Eiichi Araki, Mitsuyoshi Nakao, Christopher Cardozo
Summary: Skeletal muscle shows plasticity in response to stress, with flavin-dependent lysine-specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) playing a role in regulating fiber type-specific responses. LSD1 loss exacerbates glucocorticoid-induced atrophy in fast fiber-dominant muscles by reducing nuclear retention of anti-autophagic transcription factor Foxk1. Additionally, LSD1 depletion enhances endurance exercise-induced hypertrophy in slow fiber-dominant muscles by inducing the expression of oxidative metabolism gene transcription factor ERR gamma. These findings suggest that LSD1 modulators may be potential therapeutic strategies for stress-induced myopathies.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiao-Li Li, Liang Wang, Ming-Chao He, Wen-Xiong Li, Jia-Li Zhang, Yong-Fang Fu, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study found that Gu-Shu-Kang protected male mice against dexamethasone-induced disturbance in the musculoskeletal system by enhancing muscle strength and improving bone density and osteogenesis. These findings suggest that Gu-Shu-Kang may have potential applications in the treatment of muscle atrophy and osteoporosis triggered by glucocorticoids.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Edward J. O. Hardy, Thomas B. Inns, Jacob Hatt, Brett Doleman, Joseph J. Bass, Philip J. Atherton, Jonathan N. Lund, Bethan E. Phillips
Summary: Short, intermittent episodes of disuse muscle atrophy (DMA) may have negative impact on age-related muscle loss, with evidence of variability in the rate of DMA between muscles and over the duration of immobilization. Studies found that the rate of quadriceps atrophy was significantly greater in critically ill patients compared to healthy individuals, with the greatest atrophy observed in the triceps surae muscle group over 28 days. Further research is needed to fully characterize the time course of DMA in both health and disease.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hongchun Lin, Xinxin Ma, Yuxiang Sun, Hui Peng, Yanlin Wang, Sandhya Sara Thomas, Zhaoyong Hu
Summary: This study utilized snRNA-seq to investigate transcriptional changes associated with muscle atrophy induced by denervation. The results revealed a significant increase in the proportion of type IIb2 myonuclei and robust transcriptional reprogramming in response to denervation. Gene regulatory network analysis showed enhanced activity of specific genes in denervated myonuclei, along with alterations in metabolic pathways and cell-cell communication.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
