Article
Clinical Neurology
Zachary Levin, Owen P. Leary, Victor Mora, Shawn Kant, Sarah Brown, Konstantina Svokos, Umer Akbar, Thomas Serre, Petra Klinge, Alexander Fleischmann, Maria Grazia Ruocco
Summary: By using genome-wide RNA sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid, researchers identified genes and pathways that correlate with improvement in gait, urinary incontinence, and cognitive symptoms after shunt surgery in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. They also developed a machine learning algorithm to predict surgical outcomes based on gene expression profiles. These transcriptomic signatures have important implications for improving diagnosis, treatment, and understanding of the disease.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sokol Trungu, Antonio Scollato, Luca Ricciardi, Stefano Forcato, Filippo Maria Polli, Massimo Miscusi, Antonino Raco
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of shunting in normal pressure hydrocephalus following a new standardized protocol. The results showed that surgical treatment by VPS improves symptoms in most patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, the study also found complications and reoperation rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Afroditi Despina Lalou, Marek Czosnyka, Michal M. Placek, Peter Smielewski, Eva Nabbanja, Zofia Czosnyka
Summary: Testing of CSF dynamics provides unique perspectives for clinicians, yet no single parameter has been found to accurately predict shunt outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hong Wei Yang, Semin Lee, Dejun Yang, Huijun Dai, Yan Zhang, Lei Han, Sijun Zhao, Shuo Zhang, Yan Ma, Marciana F. Johnson, Anna K. Rattray, Tatyana A. Johnson, George Wang, Shaokuan Zheng, Rona S. Carroll, Peter J. Park, Mark D. Johnson
Summary: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by enlarged cerebral ventricles, gait difficulty, and cognitive decline. A study found that heterozygous loss of function deletions in the CWH43 gene may be associated with the disease, providing new insights into its origins.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aleksi Vanninen, Madoka Nakajima, Masakazu Miyajima, Tuomas Rauramaa, Merja Kokki, Tadeusz Musialowicz, Petra M. Makinen, Sanna-Kaisa Herukka, Anne M. Koivisto, Juha E. Jaaskelainen, Mikko Hiltunen, Ville Leinonen
Summary: The study found that CSF LRG levels were significantly elevated in iNPH patients, potentially aiding in the diagnosis of iNPH but not correlating with shunt response. Additionally, AD biomarkers in the CSF of iNPH patients were systematically lower compared to controls, indicating a need for specific reference values for comorbid AD pathology diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rui Yin, Junxian Wen, Junji Wei
Summary: Normal-pressure hydrocephalus is a clinical syndrome that mainly affects the elderly population, characterized by dementia, impaired walking, and malfunction of sphincters. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for improving symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Panteleimon Giannakopoulos, Marie-Louise Montandon, Francois R. Herrmann, Dennis Hedderich, Christian Gaser, Elias Kellner, Cristelle Rodriguez, Sven Haller
Summary: Novel quantitative AI-based volumetric scores provide additional value in predicting subsequent cognitive decline in elderly controls compared to established visual MRI markers.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yoshinaga Kajimoto, Masahiro Kameda, Akihiro Kambara, Kenji Kuroda, Shohei Tsuji, Yasutaka Nikaido, Ryuichi Saura, Masahiko Wanibuchi
Summary: The study found that early intervention in iNPH patients can maintain good cognitive and mobility function, as well as social participation ability in the long term. The maintenance of long-term cognitive function suggests its preventive effect on dementia.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Enrica Torretta, Beatrice Arosio, Pietro Barbacini, Daniele Capitanio, Paolo Dionigi Rossi, Manuela Moriggi, Mario Clerici, Daniela Mari, Matteo Cesari, Cecilia Gelfi
Summary: The study identified specific changes in sphingolipids and proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid of iNPH patients, indicating that at disease onset, there is an increase in very long chain Cers and changes in certain proteins that may play a role in maintaining cell homeostasis and counteracting the overexpression of amyloidogenic and neurotoxic proteins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anri Sakurai, Taiji Tsunemi, Yuta Ishiguro, Ayami Okuzumi, Taku Hatano, Nobutaka Hattori
Summary: The study found that approximately 29.1% of iNPH patients had comorbid PD/PDD, while about 10.1% had comorbid DLB. Comorbid PD/PDD or DLB showed significant differences in facial expansion and upper-limb parkinsonism. DaTscan and RT-QuIC can help differentiate these diseases and affect their clinical features.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Owen P. Leary, Konstantina A. Svokos, Petra M. Klinge
Summary: This article investigates the clinical phenomenon of pediatric NPH, which has similarities with adult NPH in terms of etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms. By examining clinical evidence and illustrative cases, the article also describes the characteristic manifestations and contemporary treatment options for pediatric NPH.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan Sahuquillo, Katiuska Rosas, Helena Calvo, Aloma Alcina, Dario Gandara, Diego Lopez-Bermeo, Maria-Antonia Poca
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of neurosurgeons understanding basic concepts in fluid mechanics to choose the most appropriate shunt for patients with hydrocephalus. Case management and hardware design evolution are key factors in improving treatment outcomes for patients with increased intracranial pressure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anri Sakurai, Taiji Tsunemi, Tomoyo Shimada, Kaito Kawamura, Madoka Nakajima, Masakazu Miyajima, Nobutaka Hattori
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the effect of concomitant Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD dementia (PD/PDD) on idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), particularly in relation to the outcome of lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) surgery. The results showed that comorbid PD/PDD worsens the clinical course of iNPH, and LPS surgery is recommended regardless of this comorbidity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wilson A. M. Fisher, Michael P. Catalino, E. Alice Woolard, Bethany J. Andrews, Scott Elton, Carolyn Quinsey
Summary: This study explored the impact of surgical techniques and instruments on the mechanical integrity of ventriculoperitoneal shunt system, specifically shunt catheters. The results showed that the failure rates varied significantly depending on the instruments used and the assembly technique. The use of mosquito forceps with shods and technique A resulted in significantly lower failure rates, while DeBakey forceps were found to be the most damaging instrument.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shijun Hu, Tao Liu, Shixiong Huang, Hui Liang
Summary: This article reports and discusses a case of cryptococcal meningitis treated with inadequate medical therapy and placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The patient survived for more than 10 years under these treatments.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Luca Zanin, Giorgio Saraceno, Giulia Renisi, Liana Signorini, Luigi Battaglia, Marco Ferrara, Francesco Antonio Rasulo, Pier Paolo Panciani, Marco Maria Fontanella
Summary: This case report describes the delayed onset cell-mediated encephalitis caused by COVID-19 virus, which is the first recorded case occurring more than 40 days after the diagnosis. The patient experienced intense headache, fever, and subsequent generalized epileptic seizures before being diagnosed with brain death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Edoardo Agosti, Simona Serioli, Kanwaljeet Garg, Alberto Pietrantoni, Pietro Luigi Poliani, Marco Maria Fontanella
Summary: This study reported a rare case of multiple vertebral metastases from anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and aimed to define a treatment strategy. Through case presentation and literature review, it was found that there is currently no universally accepted treatment strategy for vertebral metastases from anal SCC. Prompt and aggressive, local and systemic, and multimodal treatment of the vertebral lesions may be crucial for improving patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yi-Jun Ge, Ya-Nan Ou, Yue-Ting Deng, Bang-Sheng Wu, Liu Yang, Ya-Ru Zhang, Shi-Dong Chen, Yu-Yuan Huang, Qiang Dong, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: In this study, genetic and proteomic data were integrated to prioritize drug targets for neurodegenerative diseases. The analysis identified several proteins as potential targets for different diseases, such as BIN1, GRN, RET, CD38, DGKQ, GPNMB, FCRL3, LMAN2, MAPK3, DHRS11, FAM120B, SHMT1, PSMB3, SARM1, and SCFD1.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medical Informatics
Erica Tavazzi, Roberto Gatta, Mauro Vallati, Stefano Cotti Piccinelli, Massimiliano Filosto, Alessandro Padovani, Maurizio Castellano, Barbara Di Camillo
Summary: In this study, the evolution trajectories of ALS patients were investigated using Process Mining techniques, revealing differences in disease progression based on patients' characteristics. The study found that most patients start without impairments, and impairment of Walking/Self-care abilities is the most common initial symptom. Spinal onset increases the risk of experiencing the loss of Walking/Self-care ability as the first impairment, and older age at onset corresponds to a faster progression to death. The comparison between the trial population and the clinical cohort showed similarities in the natural progression of the disease, but differences in observed trajectories potentially due to trial scheduling and recruitment criteria.
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kiran Samra, Amy Macdougall, Georgia Peakman, Arabella Bouzigues, Martina Bocchetta, David M. Cash, Caroline Greaves, Rhian S. Convery, John C. van Swieten, Lize C. Jiskoot, Harro Seelaar, Fermin Moreno, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, James B. Rowe, Barbara Borroni, Elizabeth Finger, Matthis Synofzik, Daniela Galimberti, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Christopher R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Simon Ducharme, Isabelle Le Ber, Pietro Tiraboschi, Isabel Santana, Florence Pasquier, Johannes Levin, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Lucy L. Russell
Summary: A study on frontotemporal dementia found that neuropsychiatric symptoms occur in mutation carriers at all disease stages, with hallucinations and delusions providing additional staging benefit. The inclusion of these features in rating scales could improve the evaluation of disease progression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Susanna Lopez, Claudio Del Percio, Roberta Lizio, Giuseppe Noce, Alessandro Padovani, Flavio Nobili, Dario Arnaldi, Francesco Fama, Davide V. Moretti, Annachiara Cagnin, Giacomo Koch, Alberto Benussi, Marco Onofrj, Barbara Borroni, Andrea Soricelli, Raffaele Ferri, Carla Buttinelli, Franco Giubilei, Bahar Guntekin, Gorsev Yener, Fabrizio Stocchi, Laura Vacca, Laura Bonanni, Claudio Babiloni
Summary: This study compared the hubs of interdependencies in elderly individuals with and without Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) using rsEEG rhythms. The results showed that ADD patients have lower connectivity centrality and directionality compared to normal elderly individuals.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giancarlo Logroscino, Marco Piccininni, Caroline Graff, Orla Hardiman, Albert C. Ludolph, Fermin Moreno, Markus Otto, Anne M. Remes, James B. Rowe, Harro Seelaar, Eino Solje, Elka Stefanova, Latchezar Traykov, Vesna Jelic, Melissa Taheri Rydell, Niall Pender, Sarah Anderl-Straub, Myriam Barandiaran, Alazne Gabilondo, Johanna Kruger, Alexander G. Murley, Timothy Rittman, Emma L. van der Ende, John C. van Swieten, Paeivi Hartikainen, Gorana Mandic Stojmenovic, Shima Mehrabian, Luisa Benussi, Antonella Alberici, Maria Teresa Dell'Abate, Chiara Zecca, Barbara Borroni
Summary: This study examined the incidence of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-associated syndromes in Europe and found that they are more common than previously recognized, warranting diagnosis at any age. The findings have important implications for health and social care planning, as well as the design of future clinical trials.
Article
Neurosciences
Vanessa Porrini, Andrea Pilotto, Marika Vezzoli, Annamaria Lanzillotta, Michele M. Gennari, Sonia Bonacina, Antonella Alberici, Rosanna Turrone, Arianna Bellucci, Angelo Antonini, Alessandro Padovani, Marina Pizzi
Summary: Although the key neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) are known, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of the disease still need to be elucidated. This study focused on evaluating the levels and activity of c-Rel protein, which may be involved in PD pathophysiology. The findings suggest that PD is characterized by the loss of NF-κB/c-Rel activity, and the reduction of c-Rel DNA-binding could potentially serve as a novel biomarker for PD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Luca Zanin, Alexandra Sachkova, Pier Paolo Panciani, Veit Rohde, Marco Maria Fontanella, Bawarjan Schatlo
Summary: Liquid biopsy research on Low-Grade gliomas (LGG) has remained less conspicuous than that on other malignant brain tumors. Reliable serum markers would be precious for diagnosis, follow-up and treatment. Micro-RNA (miRs) appears to have the highest clinical utility.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simona Serioli, Ludovico Agostini, Alberto Pietrantoni, Federico Valeri, Flavia Costanza, Sabrina Chiloiro, Barbara Buffoli, Amedeo Piazza, Pietro Luigi Poliani, Maria Peris-Celda, Federica Iavarone, Simona Gaudino, Marco Gessi, Giovanni Schinzari, Pier Paolo Mattogno, Antonella Giampietro, Laura De Marinis, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Marco Maria Fontanella, Liverana Lauretti, Guido Rindi, Alessandro Olivi, Antonio Bianchi, Francesco Doglietto
Summary: This article comprehensively reviews the principal pathways and potential target therapies for aggressive PitNETs. Through a search and analysis of English papers, the current understanding and future prospects of the molecular mechanisms and treatment methods for PitNETs are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edoardo Agosti, Marco Zeppieri, Lucio De Maria, Camilla Tedeschi, Marco Maria Fontanella, Pier Paolo Panciani, Tamara Ius
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the current strategies and future perspectives of immunotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM). The review found that immunotherapy is a promising treatment option for recurrent GBM, with immune checkpoint inhibitors, personalized cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, and CAR T-cell therapy being the main focuses of current research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Serena Sassi, Elisa Bianchi, Luca Diamanti, Danilo Tornabene, Elisabetta Sette, Doriana Medici, Sabrina Mata, Deborah Leccese, Martina Sperti, Ilaria Martinelli, Andrea Ghezzi, Jessica Mandrioli, Valentina Virginia Iuzzolino, Raffaele Dubbioso, Francesca Trojsi, Carla Passaniti, Giulia D'Alvano, Massimiliano Filosto, Alessandro Padovani, Letizia Mazzini, Fabiola De Marchi, Lucia Zinno, Andi Nuredini, Paolo Bongioanni, Cristina Dolciotti, Elena Canali, Giulia Toschi, Antonio Petrucci, Alessia Perna, Vittorio Riso, Maurizio Inghilleri, Laura Libonati, Chiara Cambieri, Elisabetta Pupillo
Summary: ALCAR is a donor of acetyl groups and can increase the levels of carnitine in cells, which helps transport fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes. In vivo studies have shown that ALCAR can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. This observational study aimed to provide additional data on the effects of ALCAR in ALS patients in Italy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Padovani, Angelo Antonini, Paolo Barone, Giuseppe Bellelli, Andrea Fagiolini, Luigi Ferini Strambi, Sandro Sorbi, Fabrizio Stocchi
Summary: This Delphi study aims to reach a shared point of view among Italian specialists on depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Consensus was achieved in most cases (86%), with 80% of statements receiving positive consensus and 6% receiving negative consensus. The study also highlights the strong link between depression and AD, as well as specific features of depression in AD compared to major depressive disorder (MDD).
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martina Assogna, Enrico Premi, Stefano Gazzina, Alberto Benussi, Nicholas J. Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Roberto Gasparotti, Alessandro Padovani, Ehsan Tadayon, Sara Romanella, Giulia Sprugnoli, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Francesco Di Lorenzo, Giacomo Koch, Barbara Borroni, Emiliano Santarnecchi
Summary: This observational study found that choroid plexus volume is significantly increased in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) spectrum, and it is associated with disease-specific biomarkers, cognitive/behavioral deficits, and patterns of cortical atrophy. Choroid plexus volume may serve as a potential biomarker for FTLD, especially at the early stage of the disease. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine its role in disease onset and progression.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erika Ferrari, Claudio Cornali, Alessandro Fiorindi, Edoardo Agosti, Salvatore Gallone, Elisa Rubino, Francesco Ponzio, Marco Maria Fontanella, Lucio De Maria
Summary: This study investigated the associations between specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP2A6 gene and the presence and rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) in Italian patients. The results showed that the frequency of aSAH was significantly higher in current smokers, regardless of the pattern of CYP2A6 SNPs. There was a correlation between IA rupture and cigarette smoking in patients with the heterozygous CYP2A6 *1B2 allele.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)