Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 20, Issue 10, Pages 7680-7687Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03206
Keywords
lithium metal batteries; lithium anode; lithium dendrite; ferroelectric effect; regular crystals
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51772115]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFE0206900]
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Manipulating the Li plating behavior remains a challenging task toward Li-based high-energy batteries. Generally, the Li plating process is kinetically controlled by ion transport, concentration gradient, local electric field, etc. A myriad of strategies have been developed for homogenizing the kinetics; however, such kinetics-controlled Li plating nature is barely changed. Herein, a ferroelectric substrate comprised of homogeneously distributed BaTiO3 was deployed and the Li plating behavior was transferred from a kinetic-controlled to a thermodynamic-preferred mode via ferroelectric effect. Such Li deposits with uniform hexagonal and cubic shapes are highly in accord with the thermodynamic principle where the body-centered cubic Li is apt to expose more (110) facets as possible to maximally minimize its surface energy. The mechanism was later confirmed due to the spontaneous polarization of BTO particles trigged by an applied electric field. The instantly generated reverse polarized field and charged ends not only neutralized the electric field but also leveled the ion distribution at the interface.
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