Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miri Adler, Ruslan Medzhitov
Summary: Networks are crucial for understanding complex systems in various fields. The presence of network motifs, which are small recurrent patterns, is a common principle that provides important features for specific networks. However, it is still unclear how these motifs are connected to form larger circuits and what properties emerge from their interactions. This study develops a framework to explore the behavior of networks at the mesoscale level by considering motifs as hypernodes and defining rules for their interactions. The framework is applied to different types of networks and reveals that motifs are not randomly distributed but are combined in a way that maintains autonomy and generates emergent properties.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiao-rui Zhang, Yao Yao, Song-ang Peng, Chao-yi Zhu, Xin-nan Huang, Yun-peng Yan, Da-yong Zhang, Jing-yuan Shi, Zhi Jin
Summary: The research team successfully reduced the contact resistance of graphene by using PFSA as a p-type dopant, which has a significant impact on practical applications. This method of reducing contact resistance is stable and durable, providing an effective way to improve the performance of graphene.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Majid Masteri-Farahani, Samaneh Shahsavarifar
Summary: Chemical functionalization of chitosan biopolymer and chitosan-magnetite nanocomposite with sulfonic acid groups resulted in new solid acid materials with superparamagnetic properties and high catalytic activities.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qin Zhong, Tao Luo, Zhengjuan Yan, Lin Yang, Zhiye Zhang, Xinlong Wang
Summary: This study applied Donnan dialysis for the purification of wet-process phosphoric acid, using nitric acid to remove harmful metallic cations. Experimental data was collected on metallic cation fluxes through a cation-exchange membrane, revealing the order of fluxes and the reasons for low transmembrane fluxes of certain cations. Analysis of ion compositions in membranes equilibrated in different solutions further helped in understanding the forms of cations in the membrane.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Yu. Safronova, Polina A. Yurova, Amir M. Ashrafi, Aleksandr V. Chernyak, Andrey V. Khoroshilov, Andrey B. Yaroslavtsev
Summary: The use of ultrasonic treatment combined with SiO2 nanoparticles in PFSA solutions can optimize the performance of hybrid membranes by improving water uptake and proton conductivity.
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beom-Seok Kim, Jong-Hyeok Park, Jin-Soo Park
Summary: In this study, blended PFSA ionomers with different equivalent weights were prepared and studied for their applications in fuel cells. The results showed that blended ionomers exhibited higher ion conductivity and proton conduction ability, resulting in improved fuel cell performance.
Article
Physics, Applied
Valentin Busson, Raphael Saiseau, Marc Durand
Summary: Coordination of cytoplasmic flows is crucial for cellular processes, and is driven by contractions of the actomyosin cortex. In this study, the dynamic patterns of cortex contraction in slime mold Physarum polycephalum are investigated. Different stable contractile patterns are identified in ring-shaped chambers, with primary frequency of oscillations independent of ring perimeter and wavelength scaling linearly with it.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Jin Dong, Congze He, Chaoran Xu, Jie Yun, Xiangcheng Pan
Summary: Boron-containing polymers have attracted great attention in materials science due to their unique recognition, stimulus-response, and dynamic exchange properties. This study successfully introduced vinyl boronic acid and a series of boronate monomers to prepare well-defined polyolefins with boron-containing groups via RAFT polymerization. The resulting polymers exhibited improved thermal stability and showed potential for use as functional materials with dynamic exchange properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Guo, Swagato Sarkar, Rongying Liu, Ying Zhang, Qing-Tao Sheng, Guosong Chen, Tobias A. F. Koenig, Chunhong Ye
Summary: Tailorable chiral plasmonic nanostructures are achieved through self-assembly using glycopeptide helical nanofibers as templates, allowing modulation of assembly morphology and chiroptical performance. The tunability is reversible, demonstrating potential applications in biosensing.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
A. N. Filippov, N. A. Kononenko, N. Loza, D. S. Kopitsyn, D. A. Petrova
Summary: In this study, sulfocationite membranes modified by PANI-halloysite nanotubes were produced using different methods. The addition of PANI-halloysite affected conductivity and permeability, while keeping the limiting current density relatively stable. The study aimed to predict the transport properties of these membranes under varying conditions, which is crucial for evaluating their performance in various devices.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julijana Cvjetinovic, Sergey Yu. Luchkin, Eugene S. Statnik, Nickolai A. Davidovich, Pavel A. Somov, Alexey I. Salimon, Alexander M. Korsunsky, Dmitry A. Gorin
Summary: Diatoms, with their unique silica exoskeletons, provide inspiration for the design of advanced nanostructures with outstanding mechanical and optical properties. Through nanomechanical characterization, it is found that diatoms exhibit peculiar responses at the nanoscale due to material behavior and membrane deformation. The nanomechanical properties of different layers of the exoskeleton differ significantly, and the deformation response is influenced by silica hydration and organic content. The relationship between structure and mechanical properties has implications for the vibrational properties of diatoms as mechanical systems. Lessons from diatom nanostructuring have the potential to advance various applications in electronics, electromechanics, photonics, liquid systems, and energy storage.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shunya Sakane, Takafumi Ishibe, Yuri Yukawa, Yoshiaki Nakamura
Summary: This study proposes a strategy of heavy impurity doping in nanostructured bulk diamond to improve its thermoelectric performance and reduce its thermal conductivity. The results show that this nanostructured bulk diamond exhibits high electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity, making it suitable for various thermoelectric applications.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yingna Xing, Qi Li, Xin Chen, Xiaowen Fu, Lei Ji, Jianing Wang, Tianyuan Li, Qiang Zhang
Summary: The study found that PFOA had higher mobility than PFOS, and divalent cations could inhibit their transport by increasing the nonequilibrium interactions between them and the sand. pH had a smaller influence on PFOA migration, while decreasing pH significantly inhibited the transport of PFOS.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Innocent Benjamin, Akaninyene D. Udoikono, Hitler Louis, Ernest C. Agwamba, Tomsmith O. Unimuke, Aniekan E. Owen, Adedapo S. Adeyinka
Summary: This study synthesized and characterized four novel derivatives of naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid and investigated their antimalarial activity through molecular modeling and docking. The results showed that these compounds were capable of inducing a protective influence against P. berghei infection by inhibiting specific proteins. Therefore, these compounds may serve as potential candidates for antimalarial drugs.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ji Hee Lee, Sung Hyun Kwon, Haisu Kang, Ji Hye Lee, Seung Geol Lee
Summary: Understanding the nanostructure of ionomer membranes is crucial for improving the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This study investigates the interrelation between the structural properties of ionomers and their transport properties using molecular dynamics simulations. The incorporation of a ring structure affects the stiffness of the ionomer chain and the nanostructure of the ionomer membrane. Comparing modified SSC ionomers with LSC ionomer, it is found that the modified SSC ionomer exhibits better oxygen transport properties but worse water transport properties due to its stiff chain derived from the ring structure.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Justin C. Bui, Chanyeon Kim, Alex J. King, Oyinkansola Romiluyi, Ahmet Kusoglu, Adam Z. Weber, Alexis T. Bell
Summary: The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2R) driven by renewable electricity offers a promising route for reusing CO2 and producing carbon-containing chemicals and fuels sustainably. Optimizing the catalyst microenvironment and selectivity, as well as controlling the electrolyte and operating conditions, are crucial for achieving economic viability and high product yields.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Peter J. Dudenas, Eliot Gann, Guillaume Freychet, Lee J. Richter, Dean M. DeLongchamp
Summary: The study found that using polymer-polymer blends and meniscus-guided coating to tailor semiconducting materials in printed electronics can lead to long-wavelength instabilities during coating, which directly affect the alignment of semiconducting polymer nanofibrils and the performance of electronic devices. This highlights the need to consider the potential impact of these instabilities when optimizing coating conditions.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Correction
Energy & Fuels
Chanyeon Kim, Justin C. Bui, Xiaoyan Luo, Jason K. Cooper, Ahmet Kusoglu, Adam Z. Weber, Alexis T. Bell
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yilei Wu, Sebastian Schneider, Yue Yuan, Ryan M. Young, Tommaso Francese, Iram F. Mansoor, Peter J. Dudenas, Yusheng Lei, Enrique D. Gomez, Dean M. DeLongchamp, Mark C. Lipke, Giulia Galli, Michael R. Wasielewski, John B. Asbury, Michael F. Toney, Zhenan Bao
Summary: Molecular aggregation and crystallization during film coating are crucial for high-performing organic photovoltaics. The authors demonstrate that using twisted acceptor-donor-acceptor compounds leads to the formation of mostly amorphous phases in the as-cast film, which can be converted into more crystalline domains through thermal annealing. This design strategy improves the charge transport efficiency by achieving an optimal morphology.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
ChungHyuk Lee, Xiaohua Wang, Jui-Kun Peng, Adlai Katzenberg, Rajesh K. Ahluwalia, Ahmet Kusoglu, Siddharth Komini Babu, Jacob S. Spendelow, Rangachary Mukundan, Rod L. Borup
Summary: In this study, the effects of cation contamination on fuel cell performance were comprehensively understood through controlled doping of electrodes. The research identified that around 44% of Co2+ exchange in the ionomer can be tolerated in the electrode, with performance losses mainly induced by oxygen and proton transport losses. It was also found that Co2+ preferentially resides in the electrode under wet operating conditions, providing insights for strategies to mitigate undesired effects when using alloy catalysts.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Andrea E. Angulo, Daniel Frey, Miguel A. Modestino
Summary: Green hydrogen production through water electrolysis is crucial for decarbonizing energy and industrial processes. This study investigates the impact of electrochemical reaction conditions and convective flows on bubble-induced overpotential losses, and finds that optimizing flow conditions can minimize these losses and improve efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew R. Crothers, Ahmet Kusoglu, Clayton J. Radke, Adam Z. Weber
Summary: This study uses simulations and theory to investigate the role of mesoscale network on water, proton, and electrokinetic transport in perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes. Results show that the size of hydrophilic domains affects the distribution of microscale coefficients for different transport modes and mediates nonuniform transport of species. Local electrokinetic flows induced by the distribution of transport properties across the network couple water and proton transport.
Article
Electrochemistry
Ahmet Kusoglu
Summary: The increasing number of publications in the science community has led to research on methodologies to assess the impact of papers and researchers, with a focus on the tradeoff between quality and quantity. The field of scientometrics has been revived with readily accessible data and debates on indicators, authorship criteria, and hyper-publishing. Some studies have explored the relationship between the h-index and citations, while others have delved into the limitations of using single metrics to measure scientific output or evaluate researchers' work.
ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Frey, K. C. Neyerlin, Miguel A. Modestino
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of Bayesian optimization to improve the production of CO in a CO2 electrolyzer, resulting in an increase in CO partial current density by over 64%.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Ahmet Kusoglu
Summary: In recent years, hydrogen has gained importance as a key player in decarbonization efforts. It has significant potential in the transition to clean energy and various sectors, and numerous reports highlight its pivotal role in achieving carbon neutrality and transforming the clean energy sector.
ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Victor Hernandez, Robert S. Jordan, Ian M. Hill, Bohao Xu, Chenxi Zhai, Di Wu, Hansong Lee, John Misiaszek, Kiana Shirzad, Miguel F. Martinez, Ahmet Kusoglu, Jingjie Yeo, Yue Wang
Summary: This article describes a design strategy for electronic materials using conducting polymers that can dynamically adapt to deformation rates. By utilizing interconnected nanoscopic core-shell micelles, the shells retain material integrity under strain while the cores control the extent of elongation, adapting to deformation rates. A prototype based on polyaniline showed significant increases in ultimate elongation and toughness at increasing deformation rates. This concept can be applied to create self-protective soft electronic materials with enhanced durability.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Priyamvada Goyal, Ahmet Kusoglu, Adam Z. Weber
Summary: The inconsistent use of selectivity measures in research makes it difficult to compare the uptake of different ions. Studying preferential ion-partitioning and partially exchanged membranes is important for understanding the interactions between ions and membranes, and how varying ion fractions may impact membrane properties and performance. This review focuses on Nafion as a case study to explore partial exchange studies and consolidate literature experiments and theory into a comprehensive overview, forming ionomer databases. Various approaches to selectivity are analyzed to identify differences and re-evaluate assumptions. Lastly, modeling strategies for ion selectivity are reviewed to establish correlations with fundamental ion properties.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xiaoyan Luo, Douglas I. Kushner, Ahmet Kusoglu
Summary: Alkaline anion-conducting polymer-based CO2 electrolysis and water electrolysis are promising renewable energy conversion technologies due to their low capital cost. However, the polymer electrolyte membrane remains a critical component affecting system performance and durability. This study investigates commercially-available Sustainion & REG; membranes and their properties for CO2 and water electrolysis applications, providing understanding of factors controlling membrane functionality.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chenzhao Li, Kang Yu, Ashley Bird, Fei Guo, Jan Ilavsky, Yadong Liu, David A. Cullen, Ahmet Kusoglu, Adam Z. Weber, Paulo J. Ferreira, Jian Xie
Summary: The high cost of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is mainly due to the use of platinum catalysts. The researchers have proposed a design of an ideal ionomer/catalyst interface to enhance catalyst utilization and fuel cell performance.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Frey, Ju Hee Shin, Christopher Musco, Miguel A. Modestino
Summary: In this study, we extend Bayesian optimization (BO) and introduce a chemically-informed data-driven optimization (ChIDDO) approach. This approach combines inexpensive physical models and expensive experimental data to optimize a common objective function. By comparing it with traditional methods, we demonstrate the superiority of this approach.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
