Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sara Elgamal, Emanuele Cocucci, Ellen J. Sass, Xiaokui M. Mo, Angela R. Blissett, Edward P. Calomeni, Kerry A. Rogers, Jennifer A. Woyach, Seema A. Bhat, Natarajan Muthusamy, Amy J. Johnson, Karilyn T. Larkin, John C. Byrd
Summary: EVs play crucial roles in cancer, but studies on EVs show great variability. This research focused on isolating and characterizing EVs from CLL patient plasma and cell lines, identifying effective isolation methods and factors affecting results.
Review
Oncology
Kenza Dubois, Mariana Tannoury, Brigitte Bauvois, Santos A. Susin, Delphine Garnier
Summary: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer characterized by the accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes in the immune system. Despite the development of new therapies, drug resistance and disease relapse still occur. The interactions between leukemic B cells and the microenvironment play a crucial role in treatment resistance. Extracellular vesicles released into the microenvironment have emerged as key players in this cross-talk and can potentially be targeted for novel therapeutics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dezhao Lu, Yifei Le, Jiali Ding, Xiaobing Dou, Wei Mao, Ji Zhu
Summary: The study demonstrates that CLIC1 acts as a sensor of oxidative stress in endothelial cells, and its regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway can protect cells from oxidative damage. In addition, inhibition of CLIC1 activity can reduce oxidative stress injury and promote antioxidant effects.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristan V. Piroeva, Charlotte Mcdonald, Charalampos Xanthopoulos, Chelsea Fox, Christopher T. Clarkson, Jan-Philipp Mallm, Yevhen Vainshtein, Luminita Ruje, Lara C. Klett, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Daniel Mertens, Efterpi Kostareli, Karsten Rippe, Vladimir B. Teif
Summary: This study compared the nucleosome positions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and healthy individuals, and found significant changes in nucleosome positioning in CLL. The spacing between nucleosomes was shortened, and changes in nucleosome occupancy were linked to chromatin remodeling and reduced DNA methylation. Nucleosome positioning can be used to classify CLL subtypes and monitor disease progression.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Barbara Eichhorst, Carsten U. Niemann, Arnon P. Kater, Moritz Fuerstenau, Julia von Tresckow, Can Zhang, Sandra Robrecht, Michael Gregor, Gunnar Juliusson, Patrick Thornton, Philipp B. Staber, Tamar Tadmor, Vesa Lindstrom, Caspar da Cunha-Bang, Christof Schneider, Christian B. Poulsen, Thomas Illmer, Bjoern Schoettker, Thomas Noesslinger, Ann Janssens, Ilse Christiansen, Michael Baumann, Henrik Frederiksen, Marjolein van der Klift, Ulrich Jaeger, Maria B. L. Leys, Mels Hoogendoorn, Kourosh Lotfi, Holger Hebart, Tobias Gaska, Harry Koene, Lisbeth Enggaard, Jereon Goede, Josien C. Regelink, Anouk Widmer, Florian Simon, Nisha De Silva, Anna-Maria Fink, Jasmin Bahlo, Kirsten Fischer, Clemens-Martin Wendtner, Karl A. Kreuzer, Matthias Ritgen, Monika Brueggemann, Eugen Tausch, Mark-David Levin, Marinus van Oers, Christian Geisler, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Michael Hallek
Summary: In fit patients with CLL, venetoclax-obinutuzumab, with or without ibrutinib, showed superior results compared to chemoimmunotherapy as a first-line treatment, with higher rates of undetectable minimal residual disease and progression-free survival.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Billy Michael Chelliah Jebaraj, Stephan Stilgenbauer
Summary: Telomeres play a crucial role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), with their dysfunction shaping the disease progression. Members of the shelterin complex and TERT activation are closely associated with CLL cell survival and proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Freda K. Stevenson, Francesco Forconi, Thomas J. Kipps
Summary: Research into chronic lymphocytic leukemia has led to significant improvements in the assessment and treatment of patients, with designer drugs now successfully targeting tumor cells based on their biology. Classifying CLL into unmutated (U) and mutated (M) diseases based on the mutational status of IGHV sequences reveals distinct origins, biology, and clinical behaviors for each. Despite advances, challenges such as cell-escape strategies and immunosuppression remain, necessitating continued research into CLL biology.
Article
Hematology
Fabienne Meier-Abt, Junyan Lu, Ester Cannizzaro, Marcel F. Pohly, Sandra Kummer, Sibylle Pfammatter, Laura Kunz, Ben C. Collins, Ferran Nadeu, Kwang Seok Lee, Peng Xue, Myriam Gwerder, Michael Roiss, Jennifer Huellein, Sebastian Scheinost, Sascha Dietrich, Elias Campo, Wolfgang Huber, Ruedi Aebersold, Thorsten Zenz
Summary: This study uncovered mutations affecting protein expression in CLL and identified signaling pathways associated with trisomy 12. STAT2 protein expression was linked to specific drug responses, providing a protein expression reference map for CLL.
Article
Oncology
Fang Huang, Zhichao Li, Wenhao Zhang, Jiaqi Li, Siguo Hao
Summary: Cell-released nanovesicles, or exosomes, derived from leukemia cells can induce anti-leukemia immunity. However, the presence of immunosuppressive PD-L1 proteins in these exosomes reduces the potency of exosome-based vaccines. In this study, researchers successfully downregulated PD-L1 expression in leukemia cells and exosomes using lentivirus-mediated PD-L1 shRNA. The resulting exosomes, termed LEXPD-L1si, showed enhanced immune effects compared to non-modified exosomes, including increased DC maturation, T cell activation, T cell proliferation, and cytokine release. Vaccination with LEXPD-L1si effectively inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice. This study highlights the potential application of optimizing exosome-based vaccines for leukemia immunotherapy.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
David Allard, Pavel Chrobak, Yacine Bareche, Bertrand Allard, Priscilla Tessier, Marjorie A. Bergeron, Nathalie A. Johnson, John Stagg
Summary: Our study identified CD73 as a pro-leukemic immune checkpoint in CLL and uncovered a previously unknown sex bias for the CD73-adenosine pathway. The therapeutic potential of targeting CD73 in CLL was investigated using genetically engineered mice, revealing a pro-leukemic role for CD73 in an autochthonous mouse model of CLL. Our findings suggest that targeting CD73 in CLL in combination with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies may be beneficial, with sex potentially contributing to responses to adenosine-targeting agents.
Review
Oncology
Yu Nie, Xiaoya Yun, Ya Zhang, Xin Wang
Summary: Metabolic reprogramming plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This review summarizes the critical metabolic processes in CLL and discusses the regulation of metabolism by cells in the microenvironment and oncogenes/tumor suppressor regulators. Targeting metabolic enzymes or signal pathways may impede the progression of CLL.
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shenmiao Yang, Xiaojun Huang, Robert Peter Gale
Summary: Transplantation has been used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia for over 35 years, but is only considered for less than 1% of highly selected patients. While some patients may achieve long-term leukemia-free survival with transplants, they also come with significant morbidity and mortality. The anti-leukemia effects of transplants are influenced by various factors, including drugs, radiation, and immune mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mazyar Shadman
Summary: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an immunocompromised blood cancer that can be treated with targeted agents like BTK inhibitors or BCL2 inhibitors, but currently there is no cure for the disease.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Krish Patel, John M. Pagel
Summary: Treatment decisions for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are based on symptoms and risk classifications. New therapies targeting specific genetic aberrations have shown promising results, improving outcomes and prolonging progression-free survival. Novel targeted oral therapies have largely replaced chemoimmunotherapy in the treatment of CLL.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Chi-Ling Chiang, Eileen Y. Hu, Lingqian Chang, Jadwiga Labanowska, Kevan Zapolnik, Xiaokui Mo, Junfeng Shi, Tzyy-Jye Doong, Arletta Lozanski, Pearlly S. Yan, Ralf Bundschuh, Logan A. Walker, Daniel Gallego-Perez, Wu Lu, Meixiao Long, Sanggu Kim, Nyla A. Heerema, Gerard Lozanski, Jennifer A. Woyach, John C. Byrd, Ly James Lee, Natarajan Muthusamy
Summary: This study used a microchannel electroporation technique to investigate the hematopoietic stem cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, confirming the existence of clonal hematopoietic stem cells and their differential drug sensitivity. Furthermore, the existence of CLL LICs was validated in both patient and mouse models. Additionally, differential protein ubiquitination and unfolding response were found in GATA2(high) CLL-HSCs, which significantly affected drug sensitivity.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Ting Tian, Jingwen Zhang, Shiyun Lin, Yukang Jiang, Jianbin Tan, Zhongfei Li, Xueqin Wang
Summary: This study utilized interventions implemented in China and applied them to simulate the potential outcomes in South Korea, Italy, and the United States. The results showed that mild interventions in the early stage were effective in controlling the epidemic, while stricter measures were necessary for severe outbreaks.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED STATISTICS
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Mengqiu He, Xiuli Xin, Lei Meng, Xiaoyuan Yan, Chang Zhao, Zucong Cai, Anning Zhu, Jinbo Zhang, Christoph Mueller
Summary: This study conducted a (15)N tracing study to examine the impacts of long-term nitrogen fertilization on gross N transformation rates in soil. The results showed that organic or chemical N applications significantly stimulated N mineralization and autotrophic nitrification rates, leading to increased crop yields. However, the immobilization of mineral N decreased after long-term N applications, and N2O emissions also increased. Therefore, a combination of organic and chemical N fertilizers is recommended for climate-smart agricultural practices.
BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zheng Li, Zhenghui Fu, Shuhang Wang, Yang Zhang, Jinbo Zhang, Yanxiao Liu, Huaicheng Guo, Pingjian Yang
Summary: This study conducted an ecological and human health risk assessment of metals and heavy metals in Qinghai Lake, the largest inland saltwater lake in China. The concentration, distribution, and source of these metals were investigated. It was found that the metals in the sediments of Qinghai Lake mainly came from five rivers entering the lake, with copper and zinc showing the highest enrichment capacity. The results of the risk assessment indicated low ecological risks and no threat to human health from the heavy metals in the lake's sediments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qiaowei Li, Huijuan Zhong, Shun Yu, Yanling Cheng, Yalan Dai, Feng Huang, Zhonghua Lin, Pengli Zhu
Summary: This study aims to assess the association between exercise capacity and specific aspects of resting cardiac structure, function, and tissue in older adults.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jing-Jing Zhang, Si-Ying Wang, Hai-Tao Dai, Hai-Chao Li, Yong Wang
Summary: Chiral recognition is an emerging field in modern chemical analysis. This study focuses on the development of a cellulose derivative, cellulose-tris(4-methylphenylcarbamate) (CMPC), for chiral recognition and separation. A CMPC-functionalized extended-gate organic field effect transistor (EG-OFET) was constructed and effectively detected three chiral molecules. The study further explores the enantiomer discrimination mechanism of CMPC using spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jing Zhang, Zheng Lu, Chuxuan Tang, Jie Liu, Hailin Yao
Summary: In this paper, a new dynamic forward model of a multilayered highway structure considering the unsaturated characteristics of subgrade soil is established to assess the dynamic response induced by the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) load. The effects of saturation on stress, displacement, and pore water pressure are analyzed. It is found that the effect of saturation on vertical stress is negligible, while vertical displacement and pore water pressure increase significantly with increasing saturation. The vertical displacement response on the pavement surface is sensitive to subgrade deterioration and variations in material properties.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Xue Bai, Daniel W. L. Lai, Jinjin Zhang
Summary: This study proposed and evaluated an infusion active aging education (IAAE) model to help university students develop an age-friendly mind-set and empower older individuals through intergenerational learning. The results showed significant improvements in aging-related knowledge, attitudes, skills, and professional interests among the intervention group students. The older adult participants reported improvements in their understanding of young people, sense of self-worth, and generativity.
GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Chuxuan Tang, Zheng Lu, Siang Huat Goh, Jie Liu, Hailin Yao, Jing Zhang, Xianwen Huang
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic responses of a thermo-poroelastic half-space under circular surface thermal or/and mechanical loads. By considering water seepage and inertia of soil particles and pore water, the governing equations based on Biot's dynamic poroelastic theory are established. Solutions are derived in the transformed domain using Laplace-Hankel transform, and then transformed into the time domain using numerical integration. The resulting dynamic responses of the thermo-poroelastic half-space under rectangular thermal pulse load and/or half-sinusoidal impact mechanical load are graphically presented. The study reveals that both thermal and mechanical loads induce time-dependent responses in the vertical displacements, vertical stresses, and pore water pressures within the saturated poroelastic medium, and the coupled dynamic responses can be obtained by superposing the individual thermal and mechanical responses.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiangxiang Sun, Juan Chen, Xinlin Chen, Jianbing Ma, Lin Xiao, Shuxin Yao, Xiaoqian Dang
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the immune system attacking joints, and its underlying molecular mechanisms are still being studied. This research found that overexpression of nuclear receptor coactivator 3 (NCOA3) was observed in the joint tissues of mice with type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), an important model of RA. Inhibitors of NCOA3 were found to effectively reduce inflammation and improve the condition of the CIA mice. Further experiments revealed that NCOA3 forms a complex with other proteins that regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes, and targeting this complex could be a potential new approach for treating RA.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaobin Zhang, Wenlong Zhang, Shuwang Bian, Pengfei Zhao
Summary: This paper calculates the relationship between the evolution of microstructure morphology and grain size, and the calculated solidification parameter, by comparing the solidification process percentage of the welding experiment and simulation. The research shows that the method of using the solidification process percentage to calculate the solidification parameter threshold for the microstructure evolution of welding is reliable, and the evolution threshold of microstructure morphology and grain size of AZ31 magnesium alloy is obtained.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shenghua Li, Lingyu Xiao, Longqian Xiao, Hongliang Tan
Summary: This study demonstrated the potential of coordination polymers (CPs) as hosts for integrating multiple guest species into a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) nanoprobe. The researchers developed CD/PR@ZnCPs by integrating carbon dot (CD) and phenol red (PR) into ZnCPs constructed from zinc(II) and adenine. The confinement effect of ZnCPs brought CD and PR close together, allowing the FRET process from CD to PR, resulting in the quenching of CD fluorescence. The FRET process was disrupted in alkaline medium, switching on the fluorescence of CD/PR@ZnCPs. Based on this finding, a turn-on fluorescent method for detecting urease activity was established.
Article
Virology
Zhenhe Xu, Zihan Ding, Yuanxing Zhang, Xiaohong Liu, Qiyao Wang, Shuai Shao, Qin Liu
Summary: Phage therapy is a potential alternative to antibiotics for bacterial infections. This study found that storing phages at 4 degrees C was optimal and that 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was more effective in protecting the phages at lower temperatures than glycerin. Additionally, the use of hydroxyapatite and a combination of trehalose with tryptic soy broth or skim milk powder alleviated phage inactivation during storage. Furthermore, a model for predicting phage shelf-life was established with high accuracy using the Accelerated Stability Assessment Program (ASAP) based on the Arrhenius equation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingchao Zhang, Jiawei Luo, Zhaoxin Guo, Zhedong Liu, Cunpeng Duan, Shuming Dou, Qunyao Yuan, Peng Liu, Kemeng Ji, Cuihua Zeng, Jie Xu, Wei-Di Liu, Yanan Chen, Wenbin Hu
Summary: This study reports the use of ultrafine structure-activated porous carbon (UAPC) with N, O functional groups as high-energy density carbon material for supercapacitors (SCs). By utilizing ultrafast joule heating and cooling, general-purposed carbon is converted into electrochemical-activated carbon, resulting in UAPC-based SCs with a high energy density in EMIMBF4 ionic liquid. The outstanding electrochemical performance of UAPC is attributed to its ultrafine structure and N, O functional groups, which increase the surface area, improve the surface wettability of the electrodes, and provide pseudocapacitance.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zeyi Liu, Jingfei Zhang, Xiao He, Qinghua Zhang, Guoxi Sun, Donghua Zhou
Summary: In this paper, a fault diagnosis methodology of rotating machinery with limited expert interaction is proposed. A novel multicriteria active learning query strategy is designed to select valuable samples for annotation, and the broad learning system is utilized to achieve fast updating or retraining with high diagnostic accuracy. The proposal shows high stability and flexibility in experiments.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jingbo Zhang, Yanjun Zhang, Xingjuan Cai, Liping Xie
Summary: This paper proposes a three-stage hyperspectral image compression sensing algorithm, which improves the reconstruction accuracy by obtaining the intra-band and inter-band characteristics. Simulation results show that this algorithm performs best among all comparison algorithms.
CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES
(2023)