Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew J. Marinella, A. Alec Talin
Summary: Future progress in computing requires innovative ways to map material characteristics to logic functions, and a molecular memristor device, such as an iron complex, offers a way forward.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jawaher Alsultan, Michelle Henderson, Allan Feldman, Madison Rice, Xia Yang, Jordin Kahler, Sarina J. Ergas, Kebreab Ghebremichael
Summary: This project engaged high school students in science and engineering activities to address the lack of potable water in many regions through point of use treatments. Utilizing an ethnographic approach, the project enhanced students' understanding of providing potable water in developing countries and positively impacted their interest in STEM practices. The results of the high school students' activities were beneficial to university-based research, while also providing teaching experience for university students in a low-stakes environment.
Article
Thermodynamics
P. J. Zucatelli, E. G. S. Nascimento, A. A. B. Santos, A. M. G. Arce, D. M. Moreira
Summary: By using wavelet decomposition and deep learning techniques, wind power and wind power ramp forecasting in Brazil and Uruguay was analyzed, showing good accuracy and potential as a tool to assist national grid operators in energy supply.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sebastiano A. Piccolo, Sune Lehmann, Anja M. Maier
Summary: It has been found that collaboration and communication networks in a large engineering project are weakly correlated and exhibit opposite purposes and topological structures. The email communication network is designed to facilitate information dissemination, while the collaboration network is organized to suppress error propagation.
COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alessandra Marino, Fulvio Franchi, Lesedi Lebogang, Fernando J. Gomez, Armando Azua-Bustos, Barbara Cavalazzi, Ermias Balcha, Kennda Lynch, Shonil A. Bhagwat, Karen Olsson-Francis
Summary: Recent movements towards decolonizing and promoting racial justice have highlighted the colonial influences on contemporary science. This is particularly relevant to the power dynamics between the Global North and the Global South, as well as collaborations with local scholars and communities. This article examines the ethical implications of fieldwork in remote sites in the Global South and advocates for an ethical approach that emphasizes co-learning and respects diverse communities. It also proposes the concept of 'planetary ethics' to understand the interconnectedness between space and Earth.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Colin Paterson, Chiara Picardi
Summary: Collecting training data focused on dangerous scenarios is an efficient way for AI to enhance the safety of autonomous vehicles. Augmented reality testing allows this approach to be evaluated without endangering lives.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Camille Cunin, Aristide Gumyusenge
Summary: Organic electrochemical transistors have potential advantages over conventional inorganic devices, but have been limited by performance issues. A possible solution is to fabricate these organic transistors in a sandwich-like structure.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kaixuan Luo, Aiguo Feng, Xiangdong Lin, Renhao Fu, Heyun Wei
Summary: The effects of freezing and thawing times and freezing temperatures on the water state and microstructure of tilapia fillets were studied. Experimental treatments at different temperatures and freeze-thaw cycles were performed, and various techniques such as LF-NMR, NMR imaging, SEM, and frozen sections were used to observe water state and microstructure changes. Fractal dimension (FD) was employed to quantitatively characterize the microstructure, and PCA analysis revealed the correlation between FD and fillet quality parameters. Results showed that increasing freeze-thaw cycles led to increased thawing loss and decreased water holding capacity. Decreasing freezing temperature inhibited ice crystal growth. FD value decreased with an increase in freeze-thaw cycles. PCA analysis demonstrated the correlation between WHC, NMR data, FD value, and quality changes in tilapia fillets.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Edward J. Zipser, Chuntao Liu
Summary: This paper aims to define different types of extreme storms and their global distribution more clearly. Recent findings suggest that extreme storm events differ depending on specific definitions and approaches, but are starting to converge. The study shows that extreme rain rates and intense convection must be differentiated by size, with large rain areas predominantly in the ocean and small rain areas on land, while the most intense convective cores are almost exclusively over land.
CURRENT CLIMATE CHANGE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Sarah Lilly, Anne M. M. McAlister, Sarah J. J. Fick, Jennifer L. L. Chiu
Summary: This study investigates how elementary teachers verbally support students in Next Generation Science Standards-aligned, STEM + CS units. The results suggest that teachers' support strategies depend on their knowledge of different disciplines, their beliefs about students in different contexts, and their perceptions of student needs.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mitra L. Taheri, William Carter, Blas Pedro Uberuaga
Summary: This article discusses the demands placed on materials by coupled extreme environments and introduces new materials science methods and opportunities to facilitate research and design of new materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Emma Berger, Sasawat Jamnuch, Can B. Uzundal, Clarisse Woodahl, Hari Padmanabhan, Angelique Amado, Paul Manset, Yasuyuki Hirata, Yuya Kubota, Shigeki Owada, Kensuke Tono, Makina Yabashi, Cuixiang Wang, Youguo Shi, Venkatraman Gopalan, Craig P. Schwartz, Walter S. Drisdell, Iwao Matsuda, John W. Freeland, Tod A. Pascal, Michael Zuerch
Summary: The coexistence of ferroelectricity and metallicity in LiOsO3 is a surprising phenomenon, where the novel technique of XUV-SHG reveals sensitivity to the broken inversion symmetry in the polar metal phase. This opens up possibilities for studying symmetry-breaking structural phase transitions with element specificity on femtosecond time scales.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sibylle Hermann, Joerg Fehr
Summary: The reuse of research software requires good documentation, but the current documentation is often criticized. This article discusses the hypothesis that scientists do document, but are unsure about what, why, and for whom. The research evaluated existing recommendations and their implementation, and compared them with best practice examples. The results show a lack of understanding of the overall picture of research software documentation, and suggest that the important role of researchers who write research software in their articles is not considered. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the documentation of research software is influenced by its history.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Polymer Science
Wenqing Liang, Yongqiang Dong, Hailiang Shen, Ruyi Shao, Xudong Wu, Xiaogang Huang, Bin Sun, Bin Zeng, Songou Zhang, Fangming Xu
Summary: Successful materials design for bone tissue engineering involves understanding the structure and composition of host bone tissue, and selecting appropriate biomimetic natural or synthetic materials. Challenges in biomaterial design drive the development of bio-inspired materials to enhance biofunctionality. Researchers must understand the goals, mechanisms, and requirements of bone tissue regeneration in order to design future research strategies effectively.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chaoqun Dang, Anliang Lu, Heyi Wang, Limin Yang, Xiaocui Li, Hongti Zhang, Yang Lu
Summary: This review focuses on the extreme mechanical deformations of diamond at small scales, including ultrahigh hardness, ultralarge bending/tensile elasticity, localized plastic deformation, etc., for structural and functional applications. The modulation of diamond's electronic properties through elastic strain engineering and the exploration of strain-mediated quantum information technologies are highlighted. Prospective research directions for enhancing and utilizing the extreme mechanical behavior of micro/nano-fabricated diamonds are suggested.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2023)
