Article
Energy & Fuels
Mads Carsten Jespersen, Thomas Osterby Holst Rasmussen, Anders Ivarsson
Summary: This study investigates the lean-burn characteristics of ammonia in a pre-mixed SI engine and the influence of spark energy and discharge characteristics on engine performance and emissions. The results show that by optimizing the spark ignition system, the need for an ignition improver can be mitigated. The emissions of unburned ammonia and NOx are kept at low levels, and the balance between NH3 and NOx emissions is achieved by advancing the ignition timing.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Andrew B. Mansfield, Varun Chakrapani, Qingyu Li, Margaret S. Wooldridge
Summary: This study quantified the sensitivity of genetic optimization algorithms (GOA) performance to algorithm search parameter values in engine calibration. The results showed that GOA performance is highly sensitive to parameter values, with increased sensitivity as the NOx limit decreases. The number of genes and gene mutation rate were found to have the greatest impact on GOA performance, while sensitivity to convergence criteria values was minimal.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Swapnil Bhurat, Shyam Pandey, Venkateshwarlu Chintala, Manas Jaiswal, Caneon Kurein
Summary: Partially pre-mixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) and combustion chamber geometry play significant roles in improving the potential of compression ignition engines and their impact on the environment. Experimentation with a novel fuel vaporizer technology in a single-cylinder DI diesel engine showed improvements in engine characteristics when using PCCI mode with a toroidal combustion chamber (TCC) piston. Results demonstrated that PCCI mode effectively reduced NOx emissions and improved engine efficiency, but also showed limitations such as increased pressure rise rate at full engine load. The study suggests that the limitations of PCCI can be mitigated by utilizing TCC piston geometry, but the usage of PCCI is constrained by specific vapor flow rates and engine load ranges.
Article
Thermodynamics
Erdal Cilgin, Halis Deviren, Orhan Arpa
Summary: This research found that using a low percentage of acetone in diesel engines leads to improvements in combustion parameters, while increasing acetone concentration and using acetone + MNMgOs has the opposite effect. Combining acetone and MNMgOs can effectively reduce emissions of CO, HC, and NOx.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Decheng Li, Xiumin Yu, Zezhou Guo, Jufang Zhang, Tianqi Wang, Yanwei Li
Summary: The development of green fuels is crucial for addressing energy crises and environmental issues. Isopropanol is a promising renewable fuel for SI engines, but there have been limited studies on its use in dual-fuel engines with combined injection technology. This study investigates the effects of isopropanol/gasoline dual-fuel combined injection on combustion and emissions characteristics. The results show that isopropanol addition improves combustion, increases power, and reduces emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
B. Karpanai Selvan, Soni Das, M. Chandrasekar, R. Girija, S. John Vennison, N. Jaya, P. Saravanan, M. Rajasimman, Yasser Vasseghian, N. Rajamohan
Summary: The study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of various biomass blends in a diesel engine. The results show that the AO10D blend performs well with higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions at 50% load.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Stanislaw Szwaja, Michal Gruca, Michal Pyrc
Summary: This paper presents the investigation results on a new type of renewable fuel for automotive and power industry. The ethanol-glycerol blend at the ratio of 3:1 is found to be a feasible substitute for gasoline or ethanol in internal combustion engines, with comparable toxic emissions levels and less than 3% deterioration in engine performance.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jing Xu, Nicole M. Niehoff, Alexandra J. White, Emily J. Werder, Dale P. Sandler
Summary: The study found that air pollution from fossil fuel and combustion may be a risk factor for hypertension, especially among women of races/ethnicities other than non-Hispanic White.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alper Calam, Serdar Halis, Bilal Aydogan, Can Hasimoglu
Summary: This study aimed to control the HCCI combustion phase by testing different ratios of low and high reactivity pure fuels and their mixtures. The analysis showed that HN75 fuel provided the best operating conditions and low CO and HC emissions in HCCI combustion.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Selcuk Sarikoc
Summary: The study investigated the effects of hydrogen and methanol addition on a spark-ignition engine's performance, combustion, and emission characteristics. Results showed that adding methanol and hydrogen improved fuel efficiency and combustion characteristics compared to using pure gasoline, with the hydrogen-methanol-gasoline blend showing the most promising results.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Greg T. Drozd, Robert Jay Weber, Allen H. Goldstein
Summary: As vehicle emissions decrease due to stricter regulations, other sources of emissions such as road building and consumer product evaporation have become more significant in overall pollutant formation in urban areas. This study demonstrates that reducing IVOC emissions can lead to significant reductions in ozone and SOA formation, with IVOC emissions having a long-lasting impact on SOA formation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
L. Prabhu, S. Shenbagaraman, A. Anbarasu, A. Muniappan, R. Suthan, Ibham Veza
Summary: This study investigates the effects of adding hydrogen and MgO nanoparticles on soybean oil biodiesel in compression ignition engines. The results show that adding hydrogen improves combustion performance, reduces exhaust gas temperature and fuel consumption, and decreases emissions. Additionally, adding hydrogen and nanoparticles in the combustion chamber also reduces NOx emissions.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Kiran, M. Leenus Jesu Martin, Ankit Sonthalia, Edwin Geo Varuvel
Summary: The demand for energy is increasing every year, while the use of fossil fuels has led to a rise in carbon dioxide levels and global warming. Therefore, alternatives such as biomass and waste-derived fuels are being explored. In this study, waste lubrication oil was pyrolyzed to obtain a diesel-like fuel with high conversion efficiency, and the blend of this fuel with diesel showed improved engine performance with reduced emissions. Additionally, the introduction of gaseous hydrogen further enhanced the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine while reducing HC, CO, and smoke emissions, although NOx emissions increased. This study demonstrates the suitability of the combination of pyrolyzed waste lubricant and hydrogen as a fuel for unmodified diesel engines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ali Yasar, Bahar Sayin Kul, Murat Ciniviz
Summary: This article discusses the use of a rule-based Mamdani-type fuzzy expert system to predict the combustion parameters, engine performance parameters, and exhaust emission parameters of waste bread bioethanol-gasoline blends and sugar beet bioethanol-gasoline blends. The study shows that the developed model can accurately predict the relevant parameters of different fuel blends with high precision.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cavan McCaffery, Hanwei Zhu, Georgios Karavalakis, Thomas D. Durbin, J. Wayne Miller, Kent C. Johnson
Summary: This study evaluated the gaseous and particulate emissions from a Tier 2 oceangoing vessel using two emission control area (ECA) compliant fuels. Results showed that the novel ultra-low sulfur heavy fuel oil (ULSHFO) had slightly higher nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions for both the main and auxiliary engines, and significantly increased NOx emissions for the auxiliary boiler. Additionally, ULSHFO had higher PM2.5 and black carbon emissions, with little contribution of sulfate due to the low sulfur content in both fuels.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Yasin Sohret, T. Hikmet Karakoc
Summary: This paper discusses the flow field within a rib roughed blade internal cooling channel of a gas turbine engine. A computational fluid dynamics analysis and experimental investigation were conducted to map the flow field, and the results were validated using particle image velocimetry measurements.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TURBO & JET-ENGINES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Selcuk Ekici, Ilkay Orhan, Yasin Sohret, Onder Altuntas, T. Hikmet Karakoc
Summary: Thermodynamic analysis is a powerful tool for determining performance parameters of energy conversion systems by providing information on irreversibility. Splitting the exergy destruction into endogenous and exogenous parts can offer detailed insights into the relationship of irreversibility between components or systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TURBO & JET-ENGINES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yasin Sohret, Hakan Caliskan
Summary: This paper evaluates the exergy, sustainability, unsustainability, environmental impact, enviroeconomic assessment, ecological impact, and inefficiency of the JP-8-fueled turbojet engine designed for UAVs. The combustion chamber is found to have the lowest exergetic efficiency and the highest unsustainability index rate compared to other components.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Habib Gurbuz, Durukan Ates
Summary: This article presents numerical and experimental results on the melting process of phase change material (PCM) in a latent heat storage (LHTES) system. The validity of the numerical model is ensured by comparing the experimental results. The study also compares the thermal energy storage efficiency and PCM heat exchanger efficiency of different paraffin waxes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hakan Caliskan, Habib Gurbuz, Yasin Sohret, Durukan Ates
Summary: In this study, a building's boiler heating unit is used as a heat source for an economizer heat exchanger connected to a phase change material (PCM) latent heat storage unit-based heat exchanger for additional heating. The study found that during the melting process of the PCM, the heat flux increases and conduction-dominant heat transfer occurs. The flow velocities around the heat exchangers also increase, resulting in improved efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ali Dinc, Hakan Caliskan, Selcuk Ekici, Yasin Sohret
Summary: This study investigates the kerosene fueled turboprop engine of a freight aircraft, analyzing its exergy dynamic, sustainability, and thermodynamic-based environmental and enviroeconomic factors. Various flight phase points and flight phases were examined. The results show the potential for improvement in the burner and intermediate-pressure turbine, as well as the environmental impact of carbon dioxide emissions and fuel consumption.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Habib Gurbuz, Husameddin Akcay, Umit Topalc
Summary: This paper presents a series of tests on the utilization of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) to recover waste heat from a propane-fueled spark-ignition engine. The experimental and numerical results demonstrate that the TEG with propane achieves a higher DC electrical power and there is good correlation between the experimental and numerical findings.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Habib Guerbuez, Himmet Emre Aytac, Husameddin Akcay, Huseyin Cahit Hamamcioglu
Summary: This study investigates the effect of volume control on the melting process of phase change material in a latent heat storage system. The results show that volume control improves the melting process and increases the energy storage capacity.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Hakan Caliskan, Selcuk Ekici, Yasin Sohret
Summary: In this study, exergy dynamic and advanced exergy analyses were applied to assess the exergies and performances of different components in a turbojet engine. The results showed that the combustion chamber had the highest exergy, while the air compressor had the lowest exergy. The turbine component had the highest exergy efficiency, while the combustion chamber component had the lowest exergy efficiency.
PROPULSION AND POWER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Habib Gurbuz, Selim Demirturk, Husameddin Akcay, Uemit Topalci
Summary: This study presents an experimental investigation of a solar hybrid energy conversion system consisting of latent heat thermal storage (LHTS) and a PV/T panel under real environmental conditions. The results show that the system can achieve a maximum power output of 31.54 W at 12:00, and the energy storage rate of the PCM within the solar hybrid energy conversion system reaches its highest value of 4.5% at 10:00.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Habib Guerbuez, Huesameddin Akcay
Summary: An integrated waste heat recovery system was constructed to convert wasted heat energy into useful energy. The system consists of a thermoelectric generator and a latent heat thermal energy storage system. Different configurations of exhaust gases, engine coolant, and HTF were used in Case_1, Case_2, and Case_3, resulting in varying power outputs and energy generation. The results showed an increase in fuel energy recovery from 1.03% in Case_1 to 1.66% in Case_3.
Article
Thermodynamics
Habib Gurbuz, Selim Demirturk, Husameddin Akcay, Umit Topalci
Summary: In this paper, passive cooling and active cooling methods were employed to control the temperature of PV panels and improve the conversion efficiency. Heat from the PV panel was stored in a phase change material (PCM) for passive cooling, and then transferred to the hot-side surface of an integrated thermoelectric generator (TEG) for active cooling. Three different cases were studied to enhance the efficiency of the PV/T-PCM-TEG system by adding nanoparticles to the PCM and placing copper fins around the copper pipes.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Murat Varol, Baris Gurel, Sema Yurdakul, Karani Kurtulus, Habib Gurbuz
Summary: Chicken manure can be used for energy production and co-combustion with lignite can reduce environmental impact and reliance on fossil fuels. However, the level of organic pollutants from chicken manure combustion is unclear. This study investigated the potential of chicken manure combustion in a circulating fluidized bed boiler and found that it burned in the upper parts of the boiler, leading to a decrease in bed temperature. Combustion efficiency increased with the share of chicken manure in the fuel mixture, but total PCDD/F emissions remained within the limit.
Article
Thermodynamics
Baris Guerel, Karani Kurtulus, Sema Yurdakul, Murat Varol, Ali Kecebas, Habib Gurbuz
Summary: The increasing demand for chicken and chicken products worldwide leads to an increased production of chicken manure, which has potential applications in the energy industry. This study focuses on the design and manufacture of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler (CFBB) for burning chicken manure and lignite fuels. The combustion behaviors and emissions of the fuels are investigated experimentally and numerically. Experimental results show that increasing the amount of chicken manure in the mixture increases CO and reduces SO2 emissions, while NO emissions may increase or decrease. Numerical results indicate that the temperature of the combustion chamber decreases with the increase of the chicken manure fraction. In the CFBB, the CO emissions decrease up to 25% of chicken manure fraction, while it increases above 25%. Additionally, NO emissions decrease in the cyclone but increase in the evaporator with increasing chicken manure fraction. The CO2 emissions for different fuels are observed to be equivalent. In conclusion, this study shows that burning chicken manure or a mixture of chicken manure and lignite reduces lignite emissions and meets the energy demands and waste disposal needs of chicken processing plants.