Article
Oncology
Bhavna Oza, Tim Eisen, Eleni Frangou, Grant D. Stewart, Axel Bex, Alastair W. S. Ritchie, Rick Kaplan, Benjamin Smith, Ian D. Davis, Martin R. Stockler, Laurence Albiges, Bernard Escudier, James Larkin, Steven Joniau, Barry Hancock, Gregers G. Hermann, Joaquim Bellmunt, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Patrick Royston, Angela Meade
Summary: This study provides a robust external validation of the 2003 Leibovich score using contemporary data, demonstrating its discriminative accuracy and calibration in predicting risk for patients with locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The score can be used to guide risk stratification in adjuvant clinical trials for RCC patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuta Kubota, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Masanori Kawano, Tatsuya Iwasaki, Ichiro Itonaga, Hiroshi Tsumura
Summary: In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the surrogacy of intermediate end-points for overall survival (OS) in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). The results showed a marginal correlation between event-free survival (EFS) and OS, but the surrogacy of EFS for OS cannot be confirmed.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Aparna Sharma, Ranjit K. Sahoo, Atul Batra, Archie Bleyer, Toni K. Choueiri, Thomas Powles
Summary: Adding adjuvant pembrolizumab after nephrectomy can significantly improve disease-free survival in patients with renal-cell carcinoma, but there are concerns regarding the arbitrary duration of 12 months of adjuvant treatment. Many patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yong Xie, Huan Tian, Bin Xiang, Yongjin Zhang, Jian Liu, Zhuoyan Cai, Hua Xiang
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus sorafenib with sorafenib monotherapy for intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), finding that the TACE + sorafenib group had significantly better overall survival, time to progression, disease control rate, and objective response rate compared to sorafenib alone. Adverse events were similar between the two groups except for elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), warranting further research to clarify the benefits of different TACE and sorafenib combinations for certain subgroups.
Article
Oncology
Cora N. Sternberg, Ian D. Davis, Jozef Mardiak, Cezary Szczylik, Eunsik Lee, John Wagstaff, Carlos H. Barrios, Pamela Salman, Oleg A. Gladkov, Alexander Kavina, Juan J. Zarba, Mei Chen, Lauren McCann, Lini Pandite, Debasish F. Roychowdhury, Robert E. Hawkins
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Pazopanib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. The results showed significant improvement in progression-free survival and tumor response with Pazopanib compared to placebo.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anxin Chen, Shijie Li, Zhiyuan Yao, Jiahao Hu, Jiasheng Cao, Win Topatana, Sarun Juengpanich, Hong Yu, Jiliang Shen, Mingyu Chen
Summary: The meta-analysis showed that TACE plus sorafenib combination therapy is superior to sorafenib monotherapy in unresectable HCC patients, significantly improving overall survival, time to progression, and objective response rate. Combination therapy was particularly effective for patients with macrovascular invasion.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Shukui Qin, Feng Bi, Shanzhi Gu, Yuxian Bai, Zhendong Chen, Zishu Wang, Jieer Ying, Yinying Lu, Zhiqiang Meng, Hongming Pan, Ping Yang, Helong Zhang, Xi Chen, Aibing Xu, Chengxu Cui, Bo Zhu, Jian Wu, Xiaoli Xin, Jufeng Wang, Jinlu Shan, Junhui Chen, Zhendong Zheng, Li Xu, Xiaoyu Wen, Zhenyu You, Zhenggang Ren, Xiufeng Liu, Meng Qiu, Liqing Wu, Feng Chen
Summary: This study demonstrated that donafenib is more effective than sorafenib in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, showing promise in improving patients' survival outcomes, and exhibiting favorable safety profile.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kanglian Zheng, Xu Zhu, Shijie Fu, Guang Cao, Wen-Qing Li, Liang Xu, Hui Chen, Di Wu, Renjie Yang, Kun Wang, Wei Liu, Hongwei Wang, Quan Bao, Ming Liu, Chunyi Hao, Lin Shen, Baocai Xing, Xiaodong Wang
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of sorafenib plus 3cir-OFF hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with sorafenib alone for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with major portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). The results showed that sorafenib plus HAIC achieved better overall survival (OS) and longer progression-free survival (PFS) compared to sorafenib alone, but also had more adverse events.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liming Zheng, Xi Gu, Guojun Zheng, Xin Li, Meifang He, Longgen Liu, Xike Zhou
Summary: The study constructed a predictive model using various analysis methods to successfully identify high-risk patients for early HCC recurrence, and predict patients' response to adjuvant sorafenib treatment. The model can optimize risk stratification for early HCC recurrence and evaluate patient response to adjuvant sorafenib after liver resection.
Review
Oncology
Shenglan Huang, Dan Li, LingLing Zhuang, Liying Sun, Jianbing Wu
Summary: This meta-analysis explored the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after radical surgery, revealing that sorafenib can improve overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and reduce recurrence rates without intolerable side effects. More evidence is needed for a definitive conclusion.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Magdy Mohamed Allam, Hanaa Tarek El-Zawawy, Amr Abdel Kader Okda, Ayoub Ali Alshaikh, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of azathioprine (AZA) as an adjuvant therapy to antithyroid drugs (ATDs) for moderate and severe Graves' disease (GD), and conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of AZA. The results showed higher remission rates in the AZA groups compared with the control group and significant differences in hormone levels between the groups. The relapse rate was also lower in the AZA groups.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yang Li, Changkun Zhu, Hongyu Xie, Yaxia Chen, Weiguo Lv, Xing Xie, Xinyu Wang
Summary: The PROBEAT study is the first randomized phase III trial in China to evaluate tailored adjuvant treatment based on WHO-endorsed molecular classification for high-intermediate risk and intermediate risk endometrial cancer patients. The study aims to provide a clinical decision-making tool, optimize patient care, and increase relapse-free survival.
JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Cosso, Giandomenico Roviello, Gabriella Nesi, Sonia Shabani, Pietro Spatafora, Donata Villari, Martina Catalano
Summary: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the third most common genitourinary cancer and has significant mortality rates. Adjuvant therapy has been explored, but the results for both tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been conflicting. Biomarker identification and subgroup analyses are needed to determine which patients can benefit from adjuvant therapy. This review discusses the rationale for adjuvant treatment in RCC and summarizes the current trials and future directions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qunfang Zhou, Xiaohui Wang, Ruixia Li, Chenmeng Wang, Juncheng Wang, Xiaoyan Xie, Yali Li, Shaoqiang Li, Xianhai Mao, Ping Liang
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combined use of RFA and sorafenib in the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. The study found that the RFA-sorafenib group had significantly better survival outcomes compared to the RFA group. Additionally, a quantitative risk score system was established to accurately screen out patients who would benefit from RFA-sorafenib treatment.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yu He, Yang Luo, Lan Huang, Dan Zhang, Xixi Wang, Jiayi Ji, Shufang Liang
Summary: Sorafenib is an effective drug for RCC treatment, but only a small number of patients benefit from it, and sorafenib resistance is increasing. The molecular mechanisms of sorafenib resistance in RCC are not completely understood at present.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alejo Rodriguez-Vida, Pablo Maroto, Albert Font, Cristina Martin, Begona Mellado, Alex Corbera, Mayra Orrillo, Oscar Reig, Rosa Querol, Alejandro Rios-Hoyo, Laia Cano, Judith Alonso, Gemma Martinez, Susana Galtes, Alvaro Taus, Maria Martinez-Garcia, Nuria Juanpere, Oscar Juan, Joaquim Bellmunt
Summary: This study investigated the safety and efficacy of avelumab plus carboplatin in mCRPC patients. Despite the significant treatment-related adverse events, this therapy was associated with a prolonged overall survival in heavily pretreated patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anand Sharma, Amish Lakhani, Subhadip Ghosh-Ray, Salma Alam, Anwar Padhani, Andrew Gogbashian, Paul Nathan
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the incidence of small bowel lipomatosis in patients with aRCC on treatment with pazopanib and compare it with other TKIs. The findings show that small bowel lipomatosis is only seen in patients receiving pazopanib and it has no relation with treatment response.
ANTICANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Mary Y. Wu, Scott T. C. Shepherd, Annika Fendler, Edward J. Carr, Lewis Au, Ruth Harvey, Giulia Dowgier, Agnieszka Hobbs, Lou S. Herman, Martina Ragno, Lorin Adams, Andreas M. Schmitt, Zayd Tippu, Benjamin Shum, Sheima Farag, Aljosja Rogiers, Nicola O'Reilly, Philip Bawumia, Callie Smith, Eleanor Carlyle, Kim Edmonds, Lyra Del Rosario, Karla Lingard, Mary Mangwende, Lucy Holt, Hamid Ahmod, Justine Korteweg, Tara Foley, Taja Barber, Stephanie Hepworth, Andrea Emslie-Henry, Niamh Caulfield-Lynch, Fiona Byrne, Daqi Deng, Bryan Williams, Michael Brown, Simon Caidan, Mike Gavrielides, James I. MacRae, Gavin Kelly, Kema Peat, Denise Kelly, Aida Murra, Kayleigh Kelly, Molly O'Flaherty, Sanjay Popat, Nadia Yousaf, Shaman Jhanji, Kate Tatham, David Cunningham, Nicholas Van As, Kate Young, Andrew J. S. Furness, Lisa Pickering, Rupert Beale, Charles Swanton, Sonia Gandhi, Steve Gamblin, David L. V. Bauer, George Kassiotis, Michael Howell, Susanna Walker, Emma Nicholson, James Larkin, Emma C. Wall, Samra Turajlic
Article
Oncology
Drew W. W. Rasco, Theresa Medina, Pippa Corrie, Anna C. C. Pavlick, Mark R. R. Middleton, Paul Lorigan, Chris Hebert, Ruth Plummer, James Larkin, Sanjiv S. S. Agarwala, Adil I. I. Daud, Jiaheng Qiu, Viviana Bozon, Michelle Kneissl, Elly Barry, Anthony J. J. Olszanski
Summary: This study investigated the safety and antitumor activity of tovorafenib, a drug for treating solid tumors, and found that it has good antitumor activity in BRAF-mutated melanoma, particularly in patients who have not received RAF and MEK inhibitors. The study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetic characteristics of two dosing schedules and identified the recommended dose as 200 mg or 600 mg administered once every other day or once weekly.
CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
James Larkin, Michele Del Vecchio, Mario Mandala, Helen Gogas, Ana M. Arance Fernandez, Stephane Dalle, Charles Lance Cowey, Michael Schenker, Jean -Jacques Grob, Vanna Chiarion-Sileni, Ivan Marquez-Rodas, Marcus O. Butler, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Mark R. Middleton, Jose Lutzky, Luis de la Cruz-Merino, Petr Arenberger, Victoria Atkinson, Andrew G. Hill, Leslie A. Fecher, Michael Millward, Paul D. Nathan, Nikhil I. Khushalani, Paola Queirolo, Corey Ritchings, Maurice Lobo, Margarita Askelson, Hao Tang, Sonia Dolfi, Paolo A. Ascierto, Jeffrey Weber
Summary: The study demonstrates that adjuvant nivolumab significantly improves recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival in high-risk melanoma patients who have undergone surgical resection, with sustained long-term benefits. Biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden, tumor PD-L1, intratumoral CD8+ T cells and IFNy-associated gene expression signature are associated with improved treatment outcomes, but their predictive value is limited.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Janet E. Brown, Kara-Louise Royle, Walter Gregory, Christy Ralph, Anthony Maraveyas, Omar Din, Timothy Eisen, Paul Nathan, Tom Powles, Richard Griffiths, Robert Jones, Naveen Vasudev, Matthew Wheater, Abdel Hamid, Tom Waddell, Rhona McMenemin, Poulam Patel, James Larkin, Guy Faust, Adam Martin, Jayne Swain, Janine Bestall, Christopher McCabe, David Meads, Vicky Goh, Tze Min Wah, Julia Brown, Jenny Hewison, Peter Selby, Fiona Collinson
Summary: This study aimed to compare the non-inferiority of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug-free interval strategy with a conventional continuation strategy in the first-line treatment of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The results showed that non-inferiority between the two groups could not be concluded in terms of overall survival and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). However, treatment breaks might be a feasible and cost-effective option with lifestyle benefits for patients during tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in patients with renal cell carcinoma.
Article
Oncology
Laura A. Bolte, Karla A. Lee, Johannes R. Bjork, Emily R. Leeming, Marjo J. E. Campmans-Kuijpers, Jacco J. de Haan, Arnau Vich Vila, Andrew Maltez-Thomas, Nicola Segata, Ruth Board, Mark Harries, Paul Lorigan, Elisabeth G. E. de Vries, Paul Nathan, Rudolf Fehrmann, Veronique Bataille, Tim D. Spector, Geke A. P. Hospers, Rinse K. Weersma
Summary: This study investigated the association between habitual diet and response to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The findings showed a positive association between a Mediterranean diet and the efficacy of ICB treatment, highlighting the importance of diet in the context of ICB.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Andreas Michael Schmitt, James Larkin
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have had a significant impact on the prognosis of patients with various tumors, especially for melanoma patients who can achieve excellent outcomes with immunotherapy in both the adjuvant and advanced stages.
TRENDS IN UROLOGY & MENS HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Simona Manacorda, Maria De Toro Carmena, Ciara Malone, Ha Mo Linh Le, Andrew J. S. Furness, James Larkin, Andreas M. Schmitt
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of PD-1-directed antibody-based therapy in patients with symptomatic melanoma brain metastases (MBM) and concurrent treatment with corticosteroids. The findings showed that patients only derived modest benefit from the treatment, but those with disease response had the potential to derive long-term benefit, justifying the use of this therapy in this group in the absence of other more effective treatment options.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Claire L. Vale, David J. Fisher, Peter J. Godolphin, Larysa H. Rydzewska, Jean-Marie Boher, Sarah Burdett, Yu-Hui Chen, Noel W. Clarke, Karim Fizazi, Gwenaelle Gravis, Nicholas D. James, Glenn Liu, David Matheson, Laura Murphy, Robert E. Oldroyd, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Ewelina Rogozinska, Patrick Sfumato, Christopher J. Sweeney, Matthew R. Sydes, Bertrand Tombal, Ian R. White, Jayne F. Tierney, STOPCAP Collaboration
Summary: This study reviewed data from three clinical trials involving 2261 patients and found that adding docetaxel to androgen deprivation therapy significantly improved overall survival, progression-free survival, and failure-free survival in patients with metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. The analysis also showed that the treatment was more effective in patients with larger tumor volume and higher clinical T stage, while patients with smaller tumor volume and metachronous disease derived less benefit. These findings help identify patients who are most likely to benefit from docetaxel and inform clinical decision-making and treatment policies.
Article
Oncology
Thomas Seisen, Muhieddine Labban, Stuart R. R. Lipsitz, Mark A. A. Preston, Matthew Mossanen, Joaquim Bellmunt, Morgan Roupret, Toni K. K. Choueiri, Adam S. S. Kibel, Maxine Sun, Quoc-Dien Trinh
Summary: This study examined the ecological association between tobacco smoking prevalence and bladder cancer incidence and found that the association was not significant. However, there was a significant association between tobacco smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence.
Article
Pathology
Laura Segales, Nuria Juanpere, Nerea Gallarin, Marta Lorenzo, David Lopez, Julia Perera-Bel, Alejo Rodriguez-Vida, Lluis Fumado, Lluis Cecchini, Joaquim Bellmunt, Josep Lloreta-Trull, Silvia Hernandez-Llodra
Summary: The impact of tumor focality on prostate cancer prognosis has been investigated. The study found relevant and consistent molecular differences between unifocal and multifocal prostate cancer. An immunohistochemical panel may be useful in predicting the outcome of multifocal prostate cancer cases.
Review
Oncology
Rosa Nadal, Begona P. Valderrama, Joaquim Bellmunt
Summary: Despite recent advances, advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma (aUC) remains difficult to cure, but the availability of maintenance therapy with avelumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, has improved the survival outcomes of patients. This review provides an overview of the treatment of aUC, including promising new therapeutic modalities and their potential impact on clinical outcomes.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Annemarie K. Knill, Matthew D. Blackledge, Andra Curcean, James Larkin, Samra Turajlic, Angela Riddell, Dow Mu Koh, Christina Messiou, Jessica M. Winfield
Summary: This study aims to establish the optimal diffusion weighting (b-value) for whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-DWI) to estimate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). The results suggest that the optimal high b-value is 1100 s/mm(2) and higher b-values lead to increased geometric distortion and reduced signal.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)