Journal
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
Volume 119, Issue -, Pages 175-184Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.026
Keywords
Mix design; Alkali activation; Slag-fly ash blends; Fresh behavior; Porosity; Strength; Drying shrinkage
Categories
Funding
- China Scholarship Council
- Department of the Built Environment at Eindhoven University of Technology
- Building Materials research group at TU Eindhoven
- Rijkswaterstaat Grote Projecten en Onderhoud
- Graniet-Import Benelux
- Kijlstra Betonmortel
- Struyk Verwo
- Attero
- Enci
- Rijkswaterstaat Zee en Delta-District Noord
- Van Gansewinkel Minerals
- BTE
- V.d. Bosch Beton
- Selor
- GMB
- Geochem Research
- Icopal
- BN International
- Eltomation
- Knauf Gips
- Hess AAC Systems
- Kronos
- Joma
- CRH Europe Sustainable Concrete Centre
- Cement Beton Centrum
- Heros and Inashco
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This paper addresses the fresh behaviors, gel structure, strength, porosity and drying shrinkage of alkali activated slag-fly ash composites designed by applying the modified Andreasen & Andersen model. The results show a large variation of slump flows and setting times when using different slag/fly ash ratios and activator moduli. The microstructure analyses by FTIR and TG show the gel structure remains stable after 1 d of curing, and mixes with higher slag contents and lower activator moduli show slightly higher bound water content. The main reaction product is a chain structured C-A-S-H type gel regardless of slag/fly ash ratio and activator modulus, but a slightly higher main absorption band is shown in samples with high fly ash contents. A 28-d compressive strength of about 90 N/mm(2) is achieved and a higher content of slag leads to a higher strength and lower porosity in general. An optimum activator modulus of 1.4 in terms of strength is shown, while an increase of activator modulus between 1.0 and 1.8 benefits the pore structure refinement. Both slag content and activator modulus strongly affect the drying shrinkage, and using a high amount of fly ash and low activator modulus can effectively reduce the drying shrinkage. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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