Three-dimensional cross-linked MnO/Sb hybrid nanowires co-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon tubes as high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Developing high performance anode materials with fast reaction kinetics and cycling stability is a key for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries. Herein, a three-dimensional cross-linked porous MnO/Sb@nitrogen-doped carbon tubes composite (MnO/Sb@NC) was designed and fabricated for lithium ions storage. In this composite, the MnO/Sb hybrid nanowires consisted of MnO and Sb nanoparticles were embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon tubes to construct coaxial porous composite nanowires, which were further assembled into a three-dimensional cross-linked network. This unique composition composed of both conversion-type MnO and alloying-type Sb makes the MnO/Sb nanowires possess high specific capacity and fast kinetics. Meanwhile, the advanced structure that collaboratively combines porous structure, exterior carbon tubes, one-dimensional morphology, and three-dimensional cross-linked network can greatly facilitate the rapid transfer of ions and electrons and ensure the structural integrity of the composite. As a result, the MnO/Sb@NC demonstrated fast reaction kinetics and stable structure, therefore, presenting superior rate capability (217 and 150 mA h g(-1) at 5 and 10 A g(-1)) and long cycling life (592 mA h g(-1) after 1100 cycles at 1 A g(-1)). This unique design endows the MnO/Sb@NC composite with a practical application potential and can be used to improve other conversion/alloying anode materials. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.