Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 21, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197279
Keywords
retina; vision; ocular stress; cell damage; homeostasis
Funding
- Albert Bing-Ching Young Professorship Endowment in Ophthalmology
- Health and Medical Research Fund, the Food and Health Bureau, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region [06171516]
- General Research Fund, Research Grants Council, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region [17112919]
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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of severe visual loss among the elderly. AMD patients are tormented by progressive central blurring/loss of vision and have limited therapeutic options to date. Drusen accumulation causing retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell damage is the hallmark of AMD pathogenesis, in which oxidative stress and inflammation are the well-known molecular mechanisms. However, the underlying mechanisms of how RPE responds when exposed to drusen are still poorly understood. Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in cellular responses to stress and the regulation of homeostasis and diseases. Apart from the classical apoptosis, recent studies also discovered novel PCD pathways such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, which may contribute to RPE cell death in AMD. This evidence may yield new treatment targets for AMD. In this review, we summarized and analyzed recent advances on the association between novel PCD and AMD, proposing PCD's role as a therapeutic new target for future AMD treatment.
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