Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mii Betchaku, Yoshinao Nakagawa, Masazumi Tamura, Mizuho Yabushita, Yasutomo Miura, Shinya Iida, Keiichi Tomishige
Summary: Reforming of toluene with model exhaust gas was conducted at 773K using Ni-M/Mg/Al (Ni 12 wt%, M = Fe, Co, Cu). NiFe/Mg/Al showed higher performance in terms of activity, cokedeposition resistance and stability compared to Ni/Mg/Al. Ni-Fe/Mg/Al demonstrated high coke-deposition resistance and suppressed substrate decomposition and CO disproportionation.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhen Lu, Mengyu Liu, Lei Shi, Tianyou Wang, Tianlong Lu, Huaiyin Wang
Summary: A new method called Injected Exhaust Gas Recirculation (IEGR) strategy was proposed to meet the stringent emissions legislation and higher fuel economy requirements of low-speed two-stroke marine diesel engines. Numerical investigations were conducted to examine the effects of the IEGR strategy on fuel/air mixture quality, combustion performance, and emission characteristics. The results show that the IEGR strategy can improve the in-cylinder swirl ratio and achieve EGR stratification, resulting in reduced brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and NOx emissions compared to the base case.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mukund Kumar, Subrata Bhowmik, Abhishek Paul
Summary: This study highlights the impact of fuel injection pressure and timing on the performance, combustion, and emission of a hydrogen dual fuel engine using Jatropha biodiesel as pilot fuel. Higher fuel injection pressure and timing improve engine efficiency and combustion, while reducing unburned hydrocarbon and soot emissions. However, nitrogen oxide emissions increase.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
S. T. P. Purayil, Mohammad O. Hamdan, S. A. B. Al-Omari, M. Y. E. Selim, E. Elnajjar
Summary: Rapid depletion of conventional fossil fuels and increasing environmental concern have led to an urgent need for research on finding an alternative fuel with minimal environmental impacts. Hydrogen is considered as an important fuel for the future, as it addresses the aforementioned pressing issues. This review critically analyzes the combustion performance, emission, and cyclic variation characteristics of a hydrogen-gasoline dual fuel engine. According to scientific literature, hydrogen-gasoline dual fuel engines exhibit good thermal efficiency at low and partial loads, but their performance deteriorates at high loads.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Fu, Yuhuai Li, Hong Chen, Jiakun Du, Yong Li, Wenzhi Gao
Summary: The study shows that blending hydrogen with gasoline increases the concentration of active hydroxyl radicals, accelerates the combustion process, and raises the peak heat release rate and cylinder pressure. Furthermore, it decreases ignition delay, shortens combustion duration, advances autoignition time, and enhances knock resistance due to the high knock resistance and octane number of hydrogen.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sarthak Nag, Atul Dhar, Arpan Gupta
Summary: This study found that EGR has different effects on combustion during hydrogen-diesel co-combustion. With an increase in EGR, the combustion process is negatively affected at low loads, while combustion variability improves at higher loads.
Article
Energy & Fuels
K. Shojae, M. Mahdavian, E. Baghshani
Summary: This study numerically investigated the emission and combustion characteristics of a heavy-duty diesel engine with different piston bowls, injection timings, and an exhaust gas recirculation system. The results showed that the use of P2 piston bowl improved thermal efficiency and internal power while reducing soot emission. The exhaust gas recirculation system and injection timing also had an impact on the emission and combustion characteristics.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
V. S. Yaliwal, N. R. Banapurmath, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, Asif Afzal, P. Ahmadi
Summary: In this study, the combustion and emission characteristics of a dual-fuel engine were analyzed under different conditions. The results showed that by adding H2, changing the method of pilot fuel addition, and using EGR, significant reductions in smoke and NOx emissions can be achieved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Binqi Li, Ya-Ping He, Zheng-Yan Qian, Jiaxi Hu, Hui Zheng, Jien Ma, Youtong Fang, Qiu Lin
Summary: The study optimized the intake and exhaust ports of a dual fuel engine to ensure the best match between the cylinder and the airways. Experimental and simulation results confirmed the optimized dimensions for the best performance. This provides valuable insights for the design and optimization of dual fuel engines.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cheolwoong Park, Yongrae Kim, Sechul Oh, Junho Oh, Young Choi, Hongkil Baek, Seung Woo Lee, Kyeonghyeon Lee
Summary: The study utilized components from a gasoline direct-injection engine to implement the in-cylinder hydrogen fuel injection method, adjusting injection timing and pressure to enhance engine output performance and efficiency, resulting in increased torque and reduced NOx emissions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiumin Yu, Zhe Zhao, Yan Huang, Weibo Shi, Zezhou Guo, Zhe Li, Yaodong Du, Zhaohui Jin, Decheng Li, Tianqi Wang, Yinan Li
Summary: Ethanol has shown to have significant benefits in improving engine performance and emissions, while EGR can effectively reduce emissions. Combining EGR with EDI and GPI can enhance engine power performance, improve fuel economy, and lower gaseous emissions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mathanraj Vijayaragavan, Balaji Subramanian, S. Sudhakar, L. Natrayan
Summary: This study investigates the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a compression ignition engine operating on dual fuel mode with simarouba oil, hydrogen, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The results show that the introduction of hydrogen and EGR can improve the engine efficiency and reduce emissions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mii Betchaku, Yoshinao Nakagawa, Masazumi Tamura, Mizuho Yabushita, Yasutomo Miura, Shinya Iida, Keiichi Tomishige
Summary: In toluene reforming, adding a small amount of Rh noble metal can enhance the startability of Ni-Fe/Mg/Al catalyst. Physical mixing of Rh/CeO2 and Ni-Fe/Mg/Al powders results in higher activity, while direct addition of Rh to Ni-Fe/Mg/Al performs less effectively.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhipeng Li, Junheng Liu, Qian Ji, Ping Sun, Xidong Wang, Pan Xiang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of hydrogen substitution ratio and diesel injection timing on the combustion and emission characteristics of a hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel combustion mode in an internal combustion engine. The results showed that increasing the hydrogen substitution ratio led to reduced emissions and decreased combustion pressure, while advancing the diesel injection timing resulted in more efficient combustion and increased emissions and brake thermal efficiency.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Amin Yousefi, Hongsheng Guo, Shouvik Dev, Brian Liko, Simon Lafrance
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of an ammonia/diesel dual-fuel engine in reducing greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining diesel-like efficiency. Results show that increasing the ammonia energy fraction reduces nitrogen oxide emissions but increases nitrous oxide emissions, resulting in higher overall greenhouse gas emissions compared to diesel-only combustion. Advancing the start of diesel injection helps reduce nitrous oxide and overall greenhouse gas emissions while achieving diesel-like thermal efficiency.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jin Xia, Qiankun Zhang, Jianping Wang, Zhuoyao He, Qiyan Zhou, Dezhi Zhou, Yong Qian, Dehao Ju, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different collision angles and critical conditions on the twin-spray collision process using optical techniques. The results show that higher collision velocity enhances mass transfer, while a smaller vertical component results in smaller axial dispersion. Under a collision angle of 150 degrees, a subcritical condition tends to result in an off-axis collision.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jianping Wang, Qiankun Zhang, Jin Xia, Liang Yu, Dezhi Zhou, Yong Qian, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This study investigates the spray characteristics of aviation kerosene (RP-3) under sub/trans/supercritical conditions. The effects of nozzle diameter and injection pressure on the spray characteristics are studied. The results show that the spray characteristics of kerosene differ under different critical conditions. Nozzle diameter has a stronger effect on kerosene spray compared to diesel spray, while injection pressure has a negligible effect on spray macroscopic characteristics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qiankun Zhang, Jin Xia, Jianping Wang, Zhuoyao He, Wenbin Zhao, Yong Qian, Liang Zheng, Rui Liu, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This study investigates the spray evaporation and dispersion characteristics of impinged biodiesel-butanol blends with different n-butanol ratios. Results show that blending biodiesel with 30% n-butanol exhibits better spray evaporation and dispersion.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qiankun Zhang, Jin Xia, Jianping Wang, Zhuoyao He, Wenbin Zhao, Yong Qian, Liang Zheng, Rui Liu, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This study investigates the ignition and combustion characteristics of biodiesel-butanol blends at different injection pressures. The results show that the ignition delay times of all tested fuels increase with decreased injection pressure or increased n-butanol proportion. Increasing the injection pressure or n-butanol proportion could increase the ignition distance, while decreasing the combustion duration and the variation rate of flame area and spatially integrated natural luminosity. The addition of a large proportion of n-butanol leads to a larger flame fluctuation, which is not beneficial for ignition and combustion processes.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Antonio Garcia, Javier Monsalve-Serrano, Santiago Martinez-Boggio, Wenbin Zhao, Yong Qian
Summary: Electrified powertrains have experienced significant growth in recent years, but the right choice for heavy-duty vehicles remains unclear. This study examines the potential of hybrid powertrains running in an advanced combustion mode, Intelligent Charge Compression Ignition, with different renewable energy fuels. The results show that pure electric buses can greatly reduce CO2 emissions, while hybrid powertrains with renewable fuels can also achieve significant emission reductions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Shen Li, Jianqing Huang, Wubin Weng, Yong Qian, Xingcai Lu, Marcus Alden, Zhongshan Li
Summary: This study investigated the ignition and combustion process of single micron-sized iron particles in a hot gas flow. The results showed that the temperature of the burning particles rose rapidly and was much higher than the ambient temperature. The iron particles went through stages of heating, melting, rapid combustion, and cooling. Combustion parameters such as ignition delay time, accelerated burning time, total burning time, and second stage of combustion time increased linearly with the increase of particle size under the same oxygen concentration. Some of the iron particles became bright again after cooling.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jizhen Zhu, Dezhi Zhou, Wenming Yang, Yong Qian, Yebing Mao, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This study explores the emission reduction potential of NH3/diesel dual-fuel combustion strategy in large marine engines using computational fluid dynamics modeling coupled with chemical kinetics. The results show that NH3 injection has an inhibiting effect on diesel autoignition and the dual-fuel combustion mode exhibits a two-stage heat release shape. The NOx emission decreases with increasing NH3 substitution ratio, while CO2 emission decreases monotonically with increasing NH3 substitution ratio. There is a trade-off relationship between NOx and N2O emissions, and optimizing injection timing can reduce unburned NH3 and N2O emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yong Qian, Yaoyuan Zhang, Shijie Mi, Haoqing Wu, Zilong Li, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This study investigates the combustion and emission characteristics of ICCI mode under low load conditions. By optimizing the fuel injection strategies and gasoline ratio, the engine efficiency can be significantly improved. Moreover, NOx and particulate emissions remain low under ICCI mode.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaoyuan Zhang, Haoqing Wu, Shijie Mi, Wenbin Zhao, Zhuoyao He, Yong Qian, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different parameters on the control of intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) engines using Taguchi experimental design. The optimized control strategy achieved improved combustion efficiency and reduced emissions, with engine load and speed having a significant influence on the upper limit of efficiency, and excess air ratio, E85 energy ratio, and premixed strategies affecting emissions to varying degrees.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wenbin Zhao, Haoqing Wu, Shijie Mi, Yaoyuan Zhang, Zhuoyao He, Yong Qian, Xingcai Lu
Summary: This paper investigates the control strategy of iso-butanol/biodiesel dual-fuel intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) mode for achieving high engine load extension. The results show that stable and controllable ICCI operation is obtained under high and ultra-high engine load. The use of different fuel injection strategies and exhaust gas recirculation results in efficient and clean combustion.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qiankun Zhang, Jin Xia, Jianping Wang, Zhuoyao He, Yong Qian, Xingcai Lu
Summary: The study aims to explore the spray and combustion characteristics of collision biodiesel and butanol under different collision angles, injection pressures, and ambient conditions. The results show that the spray in the horizontal direction has faster evaporation and diffusion rates compared to the vertical direction. Increasing the ambient temperature has a positive impact on promoting the horizontal diffusion of the vapor-phase spray. At larger collision angles, higher relative velocity leads to a more intense collision process and smaller diffusion rate after the collision. A smaller equivalence ratio after the collision leads to longer ignition delay and shorter flame lift-off length, contributing to a more intense combustion process and higher soot emissions. Increasing the injection pressure can improve the ignition and combustion characteristics, except at larger collision angles where the reduction in soot emissions is suppressed.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yong Qian, Shijie Mi, Haoqing Wu, Yaoyuan Zhang, Zilong Li, Xingcai Lu
Summary: To improve the efficiency and reduce emissions, the intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) mode based on in-cylinder dual direct injection is proposed. The key challenge in expanding the load range of ICCI is to suppress rapid heat release during combustion under medium-high loads. This study applies double injection strategies of high-reactivity fuel to control the heat release progress. The results show that the double injection strategies of diesel improve indicated thermal efficiency (ITE), reduce in-cylinder maximum pressure, and lower NOx emissions.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jianping Wang, Qiankun Zhang, Yaoyuan Zhang, Liang Yu, Dezhi Zhou, Xingcai Lu, Yong Qian
Summary: This study aims to explore the characteristics of spontaneous combustion and engine performance of kerosene in traditional compression ignition mode, providing a reference for optimizing kerosene compression ignition engines and advanced combustion mode. Ignition visualization tests of kerosene under marine and vehicle engine conditions were conducted, comparing the characteristics with diesel under 0.3 mm nozzle diameter. Then, the engine performance of both fuels under medium load and ultra-high injection pressures was compared. The results show that kerosene and diesel have similar ignition and combustion characteristics, indicating the universality of kerosene in diesel engine application. Kerosene has a longer ignition delay time, resulting in delayed combustion and heat release. Compared to diesel, kerosene has lower CO, particulate emissions, and indicated thermal efficiency, while higher HC and NOx emissions. The emission characteristics of kerosene RP-3 differ from previous studies, especially under ultra-high injection pressure. The combustion process and engine emissions of kerosene can be optimized with advanced combustion models and strategies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xinfeng Yan, Xiaoli Zhou, Ze Li, Yong Qian, Gehao Sheng
Summary: A fluid model was established by COMSOL to study the streamer discharge characteristics of different electrode shapes in C4F7N, and simulations were performed. The variation law of electric field intensity and photon flux with varying electrode shapes was analyzed, providing a theoretical basis for optical detection and reliable diagnosis of partial discharge. The simulation results showed that the electric field inhomogeneity and breakdown difficulty increased with the needle-plane model, rod-plane model, and ball-plane model, and the peak electric field intensity of the streamer head increased with the applied voltage but decreased with the electrode spacing. The change in photon flux was similar to the change in electric field intensity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shijie Mi, Haoqing Wu, Xinzhe Pei, Chunyu Liu, Liang Zheng, Wenbin Zhao, Yong Qian, Xingcai Lu
Summary: Ammonia as a hydrogen carrier and carbon-free fuel is receiving more attention for reducing carbon emissions in transportation. Ammonia-diesel dual-fuel combustion mode is a potential way to achieve lower carbon emissions in compression ignition engines. However, NH3 and N2O emissions are challenges to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in this combustion mode.