Article
Mechanics
Mehdi Mortazavi
Summary: This study investigated the liquid-gas two-phase flow across a flow channel bend in a PEM fuel cell and developed a new model to accurately predict pressure drop. The proposed two-phase flow pressure drop model and C correlation were able to predict the pressure drop with mean absolute error values.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chen Li, Xiaoming Xu, Hao Hu, Nan Mei, Yi Yang
Summary: This study found that changing the cross-section of the serpentine flow channel can increase the current density of the PEMFC, but it also reduces the uniformity of the current density distribution. When the cross-sectional shape of the flow channel changes from a trapezoid to a triangle, the oxygen is more concentrated and more reaction heat is generated, resulting in higher current density.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Hamrang, M. Abdollahzadeh, A. Moradi Bilondi, F. Bagherighajari, S. M. Rahgoshay, J. C. Pascoa
Summary: This study compares the performance of a PEMFC with conventional parallel serpentine flow fields and parallel serpentine-baffled flow fields. The results show that the PSBFF design can significantly improve cell performance, especially at higher pressure, temperature, and stoichiometric ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Pengcheng Dong, Gongnan Xie, Meng Ni
Summary: This paper introduces S-shaped rib and crescent rib to improve the flow field in PEM fuel cells, resulting in enhanced electrochemical performance, reduced pressure drop, and improved O-2 concentration distribution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Venkateswarlu Velisala, Gandhi Pullagura, Naresh Yarramsetty, Srinivas Vadapalli, Murali Krishna Boni, Kiran Kumar Gorantla
Summary: A complete three-dimensional model was proposed to study the influence of different flow field configurations on PEMFC performance, with the RAT321S flow field showing improved output compared to other designs, and experimental evidence validating its performance.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hayder Mohammad Jaffal, Basim Freegah, Ammar A. Hussain, Ala Hasan
Summary: The study demonstrates that fluid flow fragmentation effectively enhances the performance characteristics of the SMCHS compared to traditional designs. The new designs show improved heat transfer, with a 13% increase in Nusselt number and a reduction in pressure drop by approximately 180%. Among the two novel designs, the perpendicular fragmentation design performs slightly better than the diagonal fragmentation design.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Andrei Kulikovsky
Summary: An analytical model for oxygen transport impedance in GDL and cathode channel of a PEM fuel cell is developed, based on transient oxygen mass conservation equations coupled to proton current conservation equation in the catalyst layer. The Nyquist plot shows two arcs representing oxygen transport in the air channel and GDL, with the characteristic frequency of the GDL arc depending on CCL thickness. This effect is important for identifying peaks in relaxation time spectra of low-Pt PEMFCs.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhihui Zhang, Changhong Wang, Chengdai Chen
Summary: This study investigates the effects of a novel staggered structure for the cathode flow field on the transport and distribution characteristics in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) through numerical simulation. The simulation results show that the new structure significantly improves the performance and uniformity of water distribution in the fuel cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Biao Xie, Meng Ni, Guobin Zhang, Xia Sheng, Houwen Tang, Yifan Xu, Guizhen Zhai, Kui Jiao
Summary: This study implements comprehensive validation for modeling and simulation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, including overall performance and local characteristics. A simplified model is adopted to improve calculation efficiency, and the validation methodology is clarified by listing undetermined model parameters and analyzing their correlations with voltage losses. The experimental and simulation results are in good agreement, and the importance of liquid water on cell performance is highlighted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Muhammad Arif, Sherman C. P. Cheung, John Andrews
Summary: Optimizing the flow channel configurations is critical for maximizing fuel cell performance. Simulation results indicate that the 3-channel serpentine configuration has the best performance, with lower pressure drop and energy requirement.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ekta Tripathi, Promod Kumar Patowari, Sukumar Pati
Summary: Numerical simulations in this paper analyze the mixing performance and pressure drop of water and ethyl alcohol in a spiral micromixer for different Reynolds numbers, showing that the spiral micromixer outperforms serpentine and straight micromixers at higher Reynolds numbers. The behavior of mixing index and pressure drop varies for different micromixers at different Reynolds numbers.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Javid Hussain, Dae-Kyeom Kim, Sangmin Park, Muhammad-Waqas Khalid, Sayed-Sajid Hussain, Bin Lee, Myungsuk Song, Taek-Soo Kim
Summary: Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a promising renewable energy source with high potential for commercial use. The gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays a crucial role in facilitating the transfer of fluid, charges, and heat within the fuel cell. The material and fabrication method used for GDL greatly impact its performance, and titanium is considered a suitable alternative due to its strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. Various fabrication methods, such as tape casting and 3D printing, along with control parameters like partial sintering and ice structure, are being studied to optimize the properties of GDL.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chengdai Chen, Changhong Wang, Xue Wang, Zhihui Zhang
Summary: A novel channel design is proposed in this study to mitigate water flooding in the cathode channel of PEMFC, optimizing hole parameters and numbers to maximize current density output. Compared to conventional channels, the novel design shows improvement in water saturation and current density output in the cathode channel, with minimal increase in pressure drop.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xun Zhang, Xiaolong Yang, Weitao Gao, Cheng Wang
Summary: In this study, the performance of PEM fuel cells with different baffled flow field plates was experimentally tested, showing that adding baffles can improve the fuel cell's performance and current density distribution uniformity. However, increasing baffle height will also increase pressure drop. To address this issue, a half-baffled flow field design was proposed to maintain current density distribution uniformity while reducing pressure drop.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hong-Wei Li, Jun-Nan Liu, Yue Yang, Wenxuan Fan, Guo-Long Lu
Summary: In this study, the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is improved by adding streamlined obstacle blocks. Different imitated water-drop blocks of various shapes are designed and the optimal arrangement spacing is investigated. The results show that the fourth imitated water-drop block installed in the flow channel has the highest net power. The mass transport performance is further enhanced with decreasing block spacing.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mikhail A. Ershov, Vsevolod D. Savelenko, Ulyana A. Makhova, Alisa E. Makhmudova, Aleksandr Zuikov, Vladimir M. Kapustin, Tamer M. M. Abdellatief, Nikita O. Burov, Tian Geng, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, A. G. Olabi
Summary: Current issues with petroleum pose a threat to the renewable and sustainable challenge of the global economy. This paper explores the prospects of producing hydrotreated vegetable oil and fatty acid methyl esters biodiesel fuels, focusing on Russia's potential for biodiesel production. The results indicate that hydrotreated vegetable oil is a promising low-carbon component, and rapeseed oil is the most promising feedstock for biodiesel production in Russia.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Enas Taha Sayed, Abdul Ghani Olabi, Abdul Hai Alami, Ali Radwan, Ayman Mdallal, Ahmed Rezk, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: The use of fossil fuels has caused climate change, making renewable and ecologically friendly alternatives necessary. Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and biomass energies, have made significant progress in terms of price and commercial viability. Further work is needed to enhance the capacity of renewable energy sources, particularly in terms of dispatchability and energy storage. Additionally, hybrid renewable energy systems and effective energy management are crucial for balancing production, consumption, and storage. The article also discusses recent advancements in green hydrogen production and fuel cells, offering potential for wider commercial use of renewable energy.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Abdul Ghani Olabi, Salah Haridy, Enas Taha Sayed, Muaz Al Radi, Abdul Hai Alami, Firas Zwayyed, Tareq Salameh, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: Heat pipe systems have been gaining attention for various heat transfer-involving systems and processes. Implementing heat pipes in applications is challenging due to their complex operation. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based modeling emerged as a promising alternative for accurate modeling of heat pipe systems. This research reviews the applications of AI techniques for modeling and control of heat pipe systems, discussing the influence of input parameters and prediction models. It concludes that AI algorithms and models can accurately predict and improve the performance of heat pipe systems.
Article
Thermodynamics
Tabbi Wilberforce, Hegazy Rezk, A. G. Olabi, Emmanuel I. Epelle, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: One of the primary challenges in fuel cell modeling is determining specific boundary conditions, which are often not fully provided by the manufacturer. This study proposed using five different algorithms to determine seven unknown parameters that affect the mathematical modeling of the cell. The artificial ecosystem-based algorithm showed the best results compared to other algorithms, indicating its effectiveness in improving accuracy and predicting performance.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Concetta Semeraro, A. G. Olabi, Haya Aljaghoub, Abdul Hai Alami, Muaz Al Radi, Michele Dassisti, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: The digitalization of engineering systems has been widely recognized for its benefits in improving performance and reducing costs. Digital twins, as a potential technique, have been applied in the field of energy storage to enhance performance, lower maintenance and operation costs, and ensure safer operation. This review examines the application of digital twin technology in energy storage systems and discusses the application contexts, lifecycle stages, digital twin functions, and architecture. The study also presents a detailed overview of current research on digital twins in various functional energy storage systems and suggests future research directions.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. G. Olabi, Mohammad Ali Abdelkarem, Hussam Jouhara
Summary: Increased consumption of fossil fuels has led to abnormal weather conditions, and utilizing renewable energy sources is an effective solution for combating global warming. Accurate weather forecasting and integration of renewable energy sources with energy storage systems can mitigate the intermittent nature of these sources. Artificial Intelligence (AI), digital twins, and other digital technologies have the potential to optimize energy production, storage, and consumption, making the energy system more efficient and adaptable. This editorial discusses prevalent technologies, potential applications, obstacles, and challenges in energy digitalization, as well as research presented at the 13th International Conference on Sustainable Energy & Environmental Protection SEEP2021 at Boku University, Austria.
Article
Thermodynamics
Abdul Ghani Olabi, Qaisar Abbas, Pragati A. Shinde, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: Historically, advancements in rechargeable batteries have been achieved through discoveries and development cycles. However, as battery systems become more complex and new applications emerge, strategic approaches are needed to commercialize newly developed battery chemistries. Currently, lithium-ion batteries dominate the market, but alternative battery systems based on cost-effectiveness, safety, and environmental friendliness are being explored.
Article
Thermodynamics
Concetta Semeraro, Haya Aljaghoub, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Abdul Hai Alami, A. G. Olabi
Summary: The energy sector is witnessing a revolutionary change through the adoption of digitalization technologies, transforming conventional energy grids into smart grids. A digital twin, a virtual representation of battery energy storage systems, has emerged as a valuable tool in the energy industry. It seamlessly integrates battery energy storage systems into smart grids, enabling fault detection, real-time monitoring, and optimization. This paper reviews the advancements of digital twin technology in battery energy storage systems, focusing on its functions, architectures, and characteristics analyzed using the Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) algorithm.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hegazy Rezk, A. G. Olabi, Enas Taha Sayed, Tabbi Wilberforce
Summary: This paper investigates significant issues in microgrid operation and proposes the use of metaheuristic optimization algorithms to solve these problems. The study includes an introduction to fundamental principles and concepts, an investigation and analysis of the most important metaheuristic optimization algorithms published in recent years in the context of microgrid applications, and a review of specific application examples. These include unit commitment, economic dispatch, optimal power flow, distribution system reconfiguration, transmission network expansion and distribution system planning, load and generation forecasting, maintenance schedules, and renewable sources max power tracking.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahmed M. Nassef, Abdul Ghani Olabi, Hegazy Rezk, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: In this study, artificial intelligence tools were used to predict the carbon dioxide emissions in Saudi Arabia. The results showed a projected reduction in emissions from 9.4976 million tonnes per year in 1954-2020 to 6.1707 million tonnes per year in 2020-2030. This finding could provide valuable insights for policymakers in Saudi Arabia.
Article
Thermodynamics
Abdul-Ghani Olabi, Montaser Mahmoud, Khaled Obaideen, Enas Taha Sayed, Mohamad Ramadan, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) have great potential in replacing conventional heating and cooling systems, and contribute significantly to the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs). This paper investigates advancements, applications, research trends, and challenges of GSHPs based on bibliometric analysis. The results show a considerable growth in GSHPs research, with a focus on heating in cold regions. Research on GSHPs and SDGs mainly concentrated on SDG 7 and SDG 13, with insufficient work on investigating other SDGs. Challenges and barriers to GSHPs include capital cost, groundwater contamination, regulations, subsidies, and incentives.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. G. Olabi, Aasim Ahmed Abdelghafar, Hussein M. Maghrabie, Enas Taha Sayed, Hegazy Rezk, Muaz Al Radi, Khaled Obaideen, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: Energy storage is crucial in maximizing energy sources, reducing costs, and enhancing the reliability of power grids. Artificial intelligence, such as particle swarm optimization and artificial neural networks, has been widely studied and applied in this field. This study explores the progress of using AI in optimizing and controlling thermal energy storage systems, analyzing their performance and providing recommendations for future research.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hegazy Rezk, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Samah Ibrahim Alshathri, Enas Taha Sayed, Mohamad Ramadan, Abdul Ghani Olabi
Summary: Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCEVs) are gaining attention for their environmentally friendly nature and competitive performance. An optimized energy management strategy using the Harris Hawks Optimization was proposed to reduce hydrogen consumption and enhance system efficiency. Simulated results showed that the proposed strategy outperformed existing algorithms in terms of fuel consumption reduction (19.81%) and system efficiency improvement (0.09%). This improvement can contribute to reducing reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating negative environmental impacts.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Abdul Ghani Olabi, Rania M. Ghoniem, Abdul Hai Alami, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: DC power may be more efficient than AC power in certain applications, especially when it comes to local generation and storage. Using DC power can result in higher energy efficiency and reduced equipment capital costs. Additionally, DC power systems offer new communication capabilities, simplifying integration into existing infrastructure.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yehia Miky, A. G. Olabi, Hegazy Rezk, Enas Taha Sayed, Usama Hamed Issa, Ahmed Al Shouny, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: This research investigates the techno-economic feasibility and sensitivity analysis of a solar PV/battery system to supply DC power to a specific commercial load in NEOM city. The study identifies the optimal battery type, PV panels, and tilt angle, with Surrette S-260 battery and Jinko JKM275-60 PV panel being the best options. The minimum cost of energy and net present cost are achieved with a PV system size of 136 kW and 105 battery units, under a tilt angle equal to the latitude of the site (29 degree).
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2023)
