Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Li, Guodong Zhang, Yunqiu Hua, Fucai Cui, Xue Sun, Jiaxin Liu, Hongjie Liu, Yanxiao Bi, Zhongjie Yue, Zhongjun Zhai, Haibing Xia, Xutang Tao
Summary: In this study, a mixed-halogen strategy is proposed to enhance the X-ray detection performance of Cs3Bi2I9-nBrn by tuning the structural dimensions and optoelectronic properties.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sol M. Gruner, Gabriella Carini, Antonino Miceli
Summary: X-ray sources continue to advance, allowing for new ways to analyze matter. However, current pixel area x-ray detectors have limitations that require more advanced detectors.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chengyu Liang, Liwei Cheng, Shitong Zhang, Sirui Yang, Wei Liu, Jian Xie, Ming-De Li, Zhifang Chai, Yaxing Wang, Shuao Wang
Summary: In this study, it was found that exciton behaviors in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be regulated by framework-guest interactions. Incorporating electron-deficient molecules into the pores of semiconductive MOFs resulted in efficient energy transfer and distinctive exciton type conversion, improving the optoelectronic performance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sara Pettinato, Marco Girolami, Riccardo Olivieri, Antonella Stravato, Cristina Caruso, Stefano Salvatori
Summary: This study presents a diamond dosimeter coupled to compact front-end electronics for accurate dose measurements and real-time beam monitoring. The system demonstrates good stability and accuracy, and shows potential for source diagnostics in terms of beam intensity and emission timing.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lejie Xu, Jinlin Du, Haoning Wang, Xiaocheng Guo, Kaiyan Tong, Zhiyou Zhong, Chunyong Yang, Jin Hou, Hong Tao, Hao Long, Jing Yang
Summary: Wide-bandgap MgZnO shows great potential in direct-conversion X-ray detectors, as demonstrated by the significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio and response time after Mg doping. The Ag-Mg0.19Zn0.81O-Ag photoconductive detector with optimal Mg contents exhibits high sensitivity, fast response time, and large signal-to-noise ratio.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Evgeny Ivanov, Sergey V. Kutsaev, Alexey Pronikov, Alexander Yu. Smirnov
Summary: Industrial human-portable X-ray sources play an important role in security, nuclear safeguard, and defense applications. However, the current sources have limitations in terms of energy, dose, size, weight, and power (SWaP), which greatly affect their practical application. This article presents the design and demonstration of a novel ultra lightweight power system based on a 24-kV solid-state Marx modulator, which shows promising potential for hand-portable X-ray sources.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Stefano Salvatori, Sara Pettinato, Marco Girolami, Daniele Maria Trucchi, Maria Cristina Rossi
Summary: A high-quality single-crystal diamond sample obtained through the HPHT technique was used to fabricate a metal-semiconductor-metal photoconductor. Significant defect states within the diamond bandgap were observed, affecting the detector performance. Measurements under pulsed X-rays showed that the detector's response was influenced by charge-trapping phenomena, but improved linearity was achieved using a gated integrator. This research paves the way for using low-cost HPHT diamond as an alternative for accurate and linear X-ray dosimeters, replacing single-crystal CVD-diamond.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Arneodo, Adriano Di Giovanni, Prashanth Marpu
Summary: CubeSats provide a unique opportunity for quick and cost-effective access to space for scientific, educational, and commercial purposes. Their small size and low power consumption make them ideal for innovative satellite missions. Utilizing CubeSats for compact and efficient particle detection could be a game changer in astronomy and astroparticle physics.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Fengsong Ye, Hui Wang, Jianqiang Fang
Summary: The feasibility of dual-modal on-board spectral-CT/CBCT imaging using a CZT photon-counting detector mounted on a Linac was investigated through Monte Carlo simulations. The optimized pixel size of the detector was determined and the system demonstrated the capability of CBCT imaging and spectral CT imaging. The results showed that the dual-modal imaging system using a single CZT photon counting detector in a Linac is feasible.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Goswami, G. C. Privon, M. Santander
Summary: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has detected high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV-PeV range, which likely originate from extragalactic sources such as Active Galactic Nuclei. Interactions of cosmic rays within AGN environments are expected to produce both neutrinos and pionic gamma rays, with some models suggesting cascade effects leading to hard X-rays and MeV gamma rays. An update on the IceCube stacking analysis searching for high-energy neutrinos from hard X-ray sources sampled from the Swift-BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey is presented.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hao Li, Zhaowei Teng, Min Zhou, Tao Ji, Yang Yue, Hui Ying Yang, Jianbei Qiu, Qingyuan Wang, Xuhui Xu, Xue Yu
Summary: Researchers have developed an organic metal halide scintillator that can address the light scattering issue in X-ray imaging. This scintillator has thermoplastic characteristics and can be used as an adhesive paint, fundamentally solving the problem of light scattering. It has good processability and recyclability, making it suitable for the development of low-cost X-ray detectors and imagers.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Dong Hyeok Jeong, Manwoo Lee, Heuijin Lim, Sang Koo Kang, Sang Jin Lee, Hee Chang Kim, Kyohyun Lee, Seung Heon Kim, Dong Eun Lee, Kyoung Won Jang
Summary: The study utilized a Monte Carlo N-particle transport code to determine the geometry of the scattering device for FLASH preclinical research. Off-axis and depth dose distributions were measured using the fabricated scattering device. Results showed that the generated mean energy of the electron beams was 4.3 MeV, with symmetry and flatness of the off-axis dose distribution at 0.11% and 2.33%, respectively.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Martino Marelli, Silvano Molendi, Mariachiara Rossetti, Fabio Gastaldello, David Salvetti, Andrea De Luca, Iacopo Bartalucci, Patrick Kuehl, Paolo Esposito, Simona Ghizzardi, Andrea Tiengo
Summary: The study focused on the EPIC/pn camera background, revealing a significant contribution from cosmic-ray interactions to the non-concentrated background. A constant component unaffected by the solar cycle was identified as a major source of the non-concentrated background. The findings provide important insights for future X-ray missions and suggest the potential impact of a high-energy particle monitor on improving background reproducibility in experiments.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Petr Smolyanskiy, Petr Burian, Mateusz Sitarz, Benedikt Bergmann
Summary: The response of Timepix3 detectors with HR GaAs:Cr sensors of different thicknesses was studied through particle beam irradiation. Precise measurements of time and energy allowed for the determination of charge carrier transport properties. By analyzing the tracks left by charged particles hitting the sensor, properties such as charge collection efficiency and carrier drift velocity were determined. Results were implemented into simulation frameworks and validated through comparison with measurement data from a gamma-ray source.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Longmei Mao, Yi Li, Longxin Yu, Xifeng Li, Jianhua Zhang
Summary: A direct X-ray detector based on non-toxic micropyramid triclinic bismuth oxide (omega-Bi2O3) ink was developed using a digital printing fabrication process, showing a low detection limit and high sensitivity. The detector demonstrated excellent stability without packaging for eight months and exposure to a high dose of X-ray scans, proving its potential as a competitor in medical and industrial fields in the future.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Siyuan Zhao, Huayu Pei, Quan Yang, Kangli Liu, Yuanyuan Huang, Zhuo Wang, Guosheng Shao, Jinping Liu, Junling Guo
Summary: Low electrolyte/sulfur ratio is an important factor in increasing the energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries. By using catalytic hosts to suppress the shuttle effect, the E/S has been widely lowered. However, the shelf-life of these cathodes has not been studied. Our research reveals that the adsorption strength of commonly-used catalytic hosts is critical for effectively hindering the disproportionation of polysulfides.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jinjin Ban, Xiaohan Wen, Honghong Lei, Guoqin Cao, Xinhong Liu, Chunyao Niu, Guosheng Shao, Junhua Hu
Summary: Domain boundaries are important active sites for electrochemical energy storage materials. Layered double hydroxides tend to grow into single crystalline nano sheets, but efforts have been made to design hierarchical structures to provide more exposed electroactive sites. In this study, low angle grain boundaries were introduced into flakes of Ni/Co layered double hydroxides, resulting in defect-rich nano flakes that self-assembled into hydrangea-like spheres. These spheres further constructed a hollow cage structure. The formation of hierarchical structure and grain boundaries was explained by the synergistic effect of the Ni2+/Co2+ ratio. The battery-type electrode material fabricated from the NiCo-LDH-2 showed significantly enhanced specific capacitance and energy density.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiangdan Zhang, Yuanyuan Huang, Xiaoyi Hu, Ruxin Guo, Yongshang Zhang, Zhiheng Wu, Guoqin Cao, Yuran Yu, Zhuo Wang, Yonglong Shen, Guosheng Shao
Summary: This study proposes an effective approach in solid sodium ion batteries using Na11Sn2PS12 electrolyte and slurry-coated NASICON-type Na3MnTi(PO4)(3)@C high-voltage cathode, which is beneficial for cost reduction and high loading of active cathode material. By significantly improving the integrity of the electrolyte-cathode interface, these solid sodium ion batteries demonstrate outstanding cycling and rate performance, even operating at low temperatures.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Gabrielle Wishart, Priyanka Gupta, Andrew Nisbet, Eirini Velliou, Giuseppe Schettino
Summary: This study investigates the impact of static magnetic field on the radiation response of pancreatic cancer cells in a polyurethane-based highly macro-porous scaffold in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. The results suggest that the presence of SMF enhances the effect of radiation in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions, providing insights into the potential interaction phenomenon between SMF and radiation in a three-dimensional microenvironment.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Beibei Zong, Die Hu, Qing Sun, Jianguo Deng, Zizhao Zhang, Xiangxin Meng, Bo Shen, Bonan Kang, S. Ravi P. Silva, Geyu Lu
Summary: In order to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells, interface modification using 5PFP-Br dual-interface passivation is an effective way. It improves the interface contact and reduces carrier transport defect states, resulting in increased efficiency and stability of the device.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiangxin Meng, Bo Shen, Qing Sun, Jianguo Deng, Die Hu, Bonan Kang, S. Ravi P. Silva, Xu Wang, Lijun Wang
Summary: A small organic molecule, 2-chlorothiazole-4-carboxylic acid (SN), is spin coated on a perovskite film to enhance the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SN reacts with under-coordinated Pb2+ ions and I- vacancies due to the presence of sulfur and nitrogen donor atoms and -COOH groups, leading to suppressed charge recombination and passivated defects. The SN layer also effectively adjusts the energy level alignment, facilitating charge carrier separation and extraction in PSCs. Consequently, PSCs with SN modification achieve a champion PCE of 22.55% and retain 96% of their initial PCE after 500 h of storage in ambient air.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Changfan Xu, Yulian Dong, Yonglong Shen, Huaping Zhao, Liqiang Li, Guosheng Shao, Yong Lei
Summary: This article reviews the recent advances in the chemical and electrochemical mechanisms of nonaqueous Na-CO2 batteries and hybrid Na-CO2 batteries, including O-2-involved Na-O-2/CO2 batteries. The primary issues and challenges in various battery components are identified, and design strategies for the interfacial structure of Na anodes, electrolyte properties, and cathode materials are explored. Correlations between cell configurations, functional materials, and comprehensive performances are established, and prospects and directions for rationally constructing Na-CO2 battery materials are foreseen.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pengpeng Zhang, Yige Zhao, Yukun Li, Neng Li, S. Ravi P. Silva, Guosheng Shao, Peng Zhang
Summary: The electrocatalysts play an important role in improving the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries by selectively accelerating the redox kinetics behavior of Li2S. However, the internal redox reaction routes and active sites in the Li-S battery are difficult to observe directly. This study developed a system that combines the light field and in situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to convert the black box battery into a see-through battery, allowing for direct observation of charge transportation and revealing the mechanism of Li2S decomposition and nucleation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Changfan Xu, Jiajia Qiu, Yulian Dong, Yueliang Li, Yonglong Shen, Huaping Zhao, Ute Kaiser, Guosheng Shao, Yong Lei
Summary: This study presents the design of RuO2 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon paper (RuCP) as both the anode and cathode for Na-CO2 batteries, showing outstanding performance in improving ion distribution and preventing dendrite formation, thereby enhancing the electrochemical kinetics and cycling stability of the battery.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Li Wang, Yukun Li, Yinyin Ai, Erchuang Fan, Fei Zhang, Wentao Zhang, Guosheng Shao, Peng Zhang
Summary: This study constructs a multicomponent photocatalyst SrTiO3/NiO/NiS with p-n heterojunction and Schottky junction, inspired by the concepts of electrons transfer layer (ETL) and holes transfer layer (HTL) in perovskite solar cells, to convert solar energy into easily storable solar fuels. The combination of NiS and NiO, which function analogously to ETL and HTL, achieves the reverse migration of electrons and holes, leading to a noticeable enhancement in photocatalytic performance. The use of in situ irradiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ISI-XPS) provides a comprehensive elucidation of the catalytic mechanism and heterojunction formation process by tracking photogenerated charges migration pathways between microscopic heterogeneous interfaces, demonstrating the capability of ISI-XPS in directly and accurately tracking charge transfer pathways and serving as an intriguing highlight within the catalyst design strategy.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. Prabodhi A. Nanayakkara, Qiao He, Arvydas Ruseckas, Anushanth Karalasingam, Lidija Matjacic, Mateus G. Masteghin, Laura Basirico, Ilaria Fratelli, Andrea Ciavatti, Rachel C. Kilbride, Sandra Jenatsch, Andrew J. Parnell, Beatrice Fraboni, Andrew Nisbet, Martin Heeney, K. D. G. Imalka Jayawardena, S. Ravi P. Silva
Summary: This article introduces a new strategy to achieve high-sensitivity performance for X-ray detectors by using high-Z heteroatoms modified organic semiconductors. X-ray detectors fabricated with selenium heteroatoms displayed superior performance in terms of sensitivity and showed efficient charge transfer and transport characteristics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xuhui Yao, Xuekun Lu, Yundong Zhou, Tomas Samoril, Jinxin Bi, Mateus G. Masteghin, Huixing Zhang, Leslie Askew, JeongWon Kim, Fangyu Xiong, Jianan Wang, David C. Cox, Tan Sui, Ian Gilmore, S. Ravi P. Silva, Liqiang Mai, Gareth Hinds, Paul R. Shearing, Juyeon Park, Yunlong Zhao
Summary: In this study, an interface engineering approach is used to address the challenges of Li dendrite propagation and interfacial incompatibility in solid-state electrolytes for Li metal batteries. By introducing an electronic rectifying interphase consisting of a p-Si/n-TiO2 junction and an external Al layer, electron infiltration into the electrolyte is effectively restrained, leading to dendrite reduction. Experimental results confirm the electronic rectifying behavior of the interphase, as well as improved interface compatibility and battery lifetime. X-ray computed tomography observation confirms the reduction of Li dendrite propagation behavior.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ehsan Rezaee, Danish Khan, Siyuan Cai, Lei Dong, Hui Xiao, S. Ravi P. Silva, Xiaoyuan Liu, Zong-Xiang Xu
Summary: Due to the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their commercialization is not only attractive but perhaps the only choice to replace both thin film photovoltaics (PV) and conventional silicon PV. However, the poor long-term stability with scalability remains a challenge due to the sensitivity of perovskites under ambient conditions. Therefore, the perovskite interface has a dominant influence on the performances of PSCs.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoyang Liu, Jingbo Zhang, Kangli Liu, Shijie Zhang, Rouhan Hou, Xiaoyi Hu, Peng Zhang, Guosheng Shao
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of pore structure on the polysulfides phase conversions in lithium-sulfur batteries. The results show that large pore structures play a key role in the redox reaction of polysulfides, which can improve the cycling performance and rate capacity of lithium-sulfur batteries.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Guangpei Wang, Guodong Hu, Jing Lan, Fujun Miao, Peng Zhang, Guosheng Shao
Summary: The researchers have developed a unique one-dimensional carbon nanofiber structure with a skin-core multilayer design, which enables bicontinuous electron/ion transport and provides a large surface area for ion adsorption. By controlling the number of active layers and regulating the active sites, the capacitive properties can be significantly improved. The skin-core carbon nanofibers exhibit high specific capacitance, favorable rate capability, excellent cycling stability, and high energy/power density in supercapacitor applications.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2024)
