Article
Automation & Control Systems
Chang Peng, Mengyue Chen, Hongchao Wang, Jian Shen, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: This research first designed a multi-layer under-display ultrasonic fingerprint sensor structure, which was theoretically analyzed and fabricated with high resolution and sensitivity to meet the requirements of under-display ultrasonic fingerprint imaging applications, as tested with a custom-made fingerprint-mimicking phantom. The results suggest that the 20 MHz broadband PZT-based multilayer structure holds great potential for under-display ultrasonic fingerprint sensor applications.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Cheng Fang, Zijie Zhao, Jie Fang, Jun Zou
Summary: This article presents a new optically transparent transducer for photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) using poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) film. The transducer is fabricated using a simplified process based on precutting and direct lamination. Experimental results show that the transducer has good optical transmittance and acoustic performance, making it useful for different imaging applications in PAM systems.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sara Zanchi, Antoine Pascaud, Fabrice Domingues Dos Santos, Sylvie Tence-Girault, Sebastien Roland
Summary: This article studies the electric responsiveness of P(VDF-co-TrFE) copolymer and P(VDF-ter-TrFE-ter-CTFE) terpolymer films in response to an external electric field. Factors such as chemical composition and thermal treatment affect the performance of these electroactive films. The study analyzes the nanoscale response using piezoresponse force microscopy on thin films (~100 nm thick), and the macroscopic response by measuring the electric displacement-electric field loops on thick films (~20 μm thick). The chemical composition (CTFE content) is crucial in defining the electroactive behavior at both scales, while the thermal treatment has a more significant impact at the nanoscale. The orientation, shape, and size of the crystalline lamellae affect the sensitivity of the electric dipoles to the applied electric field, and controlled growth of edge-on lamellar stacks improves the piezoresponse of the film.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jin Kyu Han, Voon-Kean Wong, David Boon Kiang Lim, Percis Teena Christopher Subhodayam, Ping Luo, Kui Yao
Summary: Conformability, lightweight, consistency, and low cost are the advantages of ultrasonic transducers made of piezoelectric polymer coatings for structural health monitoring. However, the environmental impacts of these transducers are unknown, which limits their widespread use in industries. This study evaluated the durability of direct-write transducers fabricated from piezoelectric polymer coatings under various environmental conditions. The experimental results showed that DWTs made of piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) polymer coating with a protective layer can pass various operational conditions according to US standards.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tu-Ngoc Lam, Chia-Yin Ma, Po-Han Hsiao, Wen-Ching Ko, Yi-Jen Huang, Soo-Yeol Lee, Jayant Jain, E-Wen Huang
Summary: The coaxial core/shell composite electrospun nanofibers exhibit superior mechanical and electrical properties compared to individual polymers, with enhanced mechanical anisotropy, good strength-ductility balance, and comparable dielectric responses. Additionally, an impressive piezoelectric coefficient is achieved in the composite structure, showcasing the promising approach of coaxial electrospinning in tuning the performance of electroactive polymers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yi-Jen Huang, Po-Han Hsiao, Chun-Chieh Wang, Chun-Jen Su, Jen-Hao Chang, Yu-Cheng Kuo, Wen-Ching Ko
Summary: Soft piezoelectric composite nanofibers composed of P(VDF-TrFE) and P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) were prepared by coaxial electrospinning technique. The relationship between crystal structures and piezoelectric responses was investigated. The piezoelectric voltages of the composite nanofibers were approximately 3.0 V and 3.5 V at 10 Hz and 100 Hz, respectively. In-situ WAXS was used to observe the effect of applied voltage on lattice strains in different lattice orientations. Crystallographic studies on the composite nanofibers revealed co-crystallization, which led to higher piezoelectric voltages in the composite nanofibers.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhenji Zhou, Caiyin You, Zhong Li, Weimin Xia, Na Tian
Summary: Magnetic nanofiller can enhance the piezoelectric properties of P(VDF-TrFE)-based composites. In this study, the structure of the composite was modified by the interaction between magnetic nanofiller and magnetic field, and the piezoelectric performance was improved through magnetic field orientation. The oriented composite exhibited versatile sensing capabilities and higher output voltages in a noncontact magnetic field-driven experiment.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sean Toffessi Siewe, Samuel Calle, Francois Vander Meulen, Damien Valente, Jean-Marc Gregoire, Aline Banquart, Stephanie Chevalliot, Arnaud Capri, Franck Levassort
Summary: Tailored backings with high acoustic impedance and strong attenuation are needed for miniaturized high-frequency transducer design. The use of multiphasic metallic backings in this study has shown promising results in terms of sensitivity and bandwidth for imaging applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Varij Panwar, Priya Khanduri, Mohd Umer Ansari, Gopinathan Anoop, Sukho Park
Summary: This study presents a piezo-ionic polymer blend (PIPB) sensor, which is capable of generating high power densities under low applied pressures. By utilizing a specific blend ratio and microstructure, the PIPB sensor has potential applications in energy-harvesting and wearable devices.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Bolin Tang, Xiaojun Shen, Yaru Yang, Zhi Xu, Jie Yi, Yongbo Yao, Miao Cao, Yalin Zhang, Hongqin Xia
Summary: Cellular responses can be regulated and manipulated by combining stimuli-responsive biomaterial with external stimuli. CoFe2O4/P(VDF-TrFE) nanocomposite coatings with different magnetic properties were designed to promote cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation when used in conjunction with a static magnetic field. The enhanced cellular osteogenic differentiation was mediated through the alpha 2 beta 1 integrin-mediated MEK/ERK signaling pathways.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chang Peng, Mengyue Chen, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: This study explored under-display ultrasonic fingerprint recognition (UDUFR) technology for the first time, which images finger vessels for identification. A 40 MHz ultrasonic fingerprint sensor was developed, and UDUFR experiments were conducted to successfully obtain high-resolution electronic images of fingerprints and finger vessels. The results pave the way for the next generation of robust and secure UDUFR technology.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pengshan Xie, Yulong Huang, Wei Wang, You Meng, Zhengxun Lai, Fei Wang, SenPo Yip, Xiuming Bu, Weijun Wang, Dengji Li, Jia Sun, Johnny C. Ho
Summary: The research presents InGaAs nanowire artificial synapses wrapped in poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), capable of operating with record-low subfemtojoule power consumption. By adjusting the thickness of top P(VDF-TrFE) films, essential synaptic behaviors are effectively mimicked and modulated, while long-term depression is realized through visible light application. Combined with optimal P(VDF-TrFE) films, the synaptic devices exhibit more linear characteristics and faster learning processes, demonstrating potential advantages for neuromorphic computing systems.
Article
Polymer Science
Pedro M. Resende, Jean-David Isasa, Georges Hadziioannou, Guillaume Fleury
Summary: This study presents a facile and noninvasive approach to evaluate the relative ratio of defects in TrFE segments through a detailed analysis of polymer Raman spectra. By varying the content of TrFE in P-(VDF-TrFE) samples, the contribution of TrFE unit modes can be determined and validated through other analysis techniques. Based on the findings, a defect quantification ratio is proposed to predict chain conformation and electroactive behavior.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiaheng Nie, Yaming Zhang, Minjiang Dan, Jizheng Wang, Lijie Li, Yan Zhang
Summary: Perovskite solar cells are being studied as a candidate for next-generation solar devices due to their rapid increased power conversion efficiency. Introducing internal polarization by doping P(VDF-TrFE) into perovskite can effectively improve the key characteristics of the solar cell. Experimental results show that this simple polarization method has effectively improved the PCE up to 22.1%.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kaiqi Guo, Song Gao, Yang Li, Junli Yin, Wenjing Yue, Songfang Zhao, Chunwei Zhang, Jianwen Liu, Shouliang Li, Shixiang Wu, Hao Kan
Summary: As a promising candidate in imitating human-skin perception, multifunctional electronic skin (e-skin) has attracted significant attention due to its potential applications in industrial robots, intelligent prosthetics, and medical monitoring. In this study, a dual-functional flexible sensor with a common electrode is proposed for advanced pressure-humidity sensing. The sensor demonstrates excellent pressure sensing performance and fast response/recovery time, as well as outstanding long-term stability in humidity sensing, showing great potential for real-time monitoring of human physiological information. Moreover, based on its excellent performances, a wearable gesture monitoring system and an intelligent safety monitoring system are realized, achieving dual-risk avoidance. This work provides a feasible strategy for designing high-performance dual-functional flexible sensors and presents a roadmap for constructing practical e-skin systems.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Adnan Rayes, Junhang Zhang, Gengxi Lu, Xuejun Qian, Stuart T. T. Schroff, Robert Ryu, Xiaoning Jiang, Qifa Zhou
Summary: We investigated the stiffness of thrombus with different compositions and ages using shear wave elastography and studied the effectiveness of ultrasound-thrombolysis on different thrombus compositions. The results showed that the shear wave speed was inversely related to hematocrit levels and positively related to thrombus age. Thrombolysis was more effective for thrombus with higher hematocrit levels.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Huaiyu Wu, Yuqi Tang, Bohua Zhang, Paul Klippel, Yun Jing, Junjie Yao, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: Thromboembolism, if not controlled, can lead to stroke, heart attack, and sudden death. Sonothrombolysis enhanced by ultrasound contrast agents has shown promise in effectively treating thromboembolism. This study proposes a miniaturized transducer for intravascular sonothrombolysis guided by internal-illumination photoacoustic tomography (II-PAT). In vitro experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed PAT-guided intravascular sonothrombolysis with real-time feedback.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Howuk Kim, Huaiyu Wu, Mengyue Chen, Xuming Dai, Ruihai Zhou, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: This study proposed a new clinical modality for the relief of in-stent restenosis (ISR) using focused ultrasound (FUS) ablation. A miniaturized FUS device was developed for the sonification of the remaining plaque after stenting, known as one of the causes of ISR.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bohua Zhang, Huaiyu Wu, Howuk Kim, Phoebe J. Welch, Ashley Cornett, Greyson Stocker, Raul G. Nogueira, Jinwook Kim, Gabe Owens, Paul A. Dayton, Zhen Xu, Chengzhi Shi, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: This research demonstrates a new vortex ultrasound technique for endovascular sonothrombolysis, which has the potential to significantly improve the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The study shows that the new technique increases the lytic rate by at least 64.3% compared to conventional ultrasound treatment. In vitro experiments also achieved complete recanalization of a completely occluded model within 8 minutes, with a record-high lytic rate. This vortex ultrasound thrombolysis technique presents a new life-saving tool for severe CVST cases.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiangming Xue, Bohua Zhang, Sunho Moon, Guo-Xuan Xu, Chih-Chung Huang, Nitin Sharma, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: Robotic prostheses and powered exoskeletons are advanced assistive robotic devices that are used in modern medicine. Muscle activity sensing is crucial for controlling these devices, and traditional methods such as surface electromyography (sEMG) have limitations in sensing specific muscle movements. This paper presents a wearable ultrasound transducer for muscle activity sensing, which overcomes the limitations of traditional ultrasound probes. In vitro experiments using porcine tissue demonstrated the capability of the wearable ultrasound transducer to detect muscle movements, suggesting that ultrasound sensing could be an alternative for myoelectric control in assistive robotics applications.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Yashuo He, Haotian Wan, Xiaoning Jiang, Chang Peng
Summary: The objective of this article is to review the recent advancement in piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT) technology, including the piezoelectric materials, device fabrication, characterization and applications. PMUT has gained significant attention due to the ultrasound application needs and the progress in piezoelectric thin films, semiconductors, and micro/nano-electromechanical system technology. The success of PMUT based fingerprint sensing has further boosted the interest in PMUT research and development, leading to advancements in materials, fabrication techniques, and device integration. The paper provides an overview of the recent progress in these areas and discusses the future prospects and challenges.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ankit Negi, Hwang Pill Kim, Zilong Hua, Anastasia Timofeeva, Xuanyi Zhang, Yong Zhu, Kara Peters, Divine Kumah, Xiaoning Jiang, Jun Liu
Summary: This paper demonstrates the room-temperature thermal modulation in 2.5 mm-thick Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-xPbTiO(3) (PMN-xPT) single crystals. Through the use of advanced poling conditions and a systematic study on composition and orientation dependence, a range of thermal conductivity switching ratios, with a maximum of approximately 1.27, is observed. The simultaneous measurements of piezoelectric coefficient (d(33)), domain wall density using polarized light microscopy (PLM), and birefringence change using quantitative PLM reveal an increase in domain wall density at intermediate poling states (0< d(33)< d(33(max)) compared to the unpoled state.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peter Kabakov, Taeyang Kim, Zhenxiang Cheng, Xiaoning Jiang, Shujun Zhang
Summary: Piezoelectric materials can convert electrical energy into mechanical response and combining different types of piezoelectric materials into composites can create well-rounded properties. These composites have the advantage of combining the flexibility of polymers with the high electromechanical coupling and piezoelectric coefficients of ferro-electric ceramics or single crystals, making them suitable for various applications such as medical ultrasound imaging and therapy, underwater acoustic sensing, industrial structural health monitoring, and energy harvesting.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Acoustics
Zhiyu Sheng, Ran Wei, Mengyue Chen, Bohua Zhang, Howuk Kim, Xuecang Geng, Xiaoning Jiang, Kang Kim
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Howuk Kim, Bharat Balagopal, Sean Kerrigan, Nicholas Garcia, Mo-Yuen Chow, Mohamed Bourham, Tiegang Fang, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: This article proposes a noninvasive liquid level sensing technique using laser-generated ultrasound waves for nuclear power plant applications. The current intrusive sensing techniques used in the plant structure have disadvantages in terms of regular maintenance and stability under varying environmental conditions. This study developed a nonintrusive sensing unit attached to a liquid vessel to capture guided ultrasound waves and mathematically expressed the sensing mechanism as an index value to correlate the liquid level with the sensor signal. Laser-generated ultrasound was adopted for acoustic wave generation instead of typical contact transducers, and the developed sensor demonstrated good performance under elevated liquid temperature conditions.
Review
Acoustics
Kathlyne Jayne B. Bautista, Jinwook Kim, Zhen Xu, Xiaoning Jiang, Paul A. Dayton
Summary: Thrombosis in cardiovascular disease poses an urgent global issue, with limited progress in treatment due to the risks associated with current antithrombotic approaches. The cavitation effect in ultrasound-mediated thrombolysis offers a promising mechanical alternative for clot lysis, especially when microbubble contrast agents are added to enhance the mechanical disruption induced by ultrasound. Sub-micron particles have been proposed as novel agents for sonothrombolysis, providing increased spatial specificity, safety, and stability for thrombus disruption.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ali Naderi, Tran Quoc-Thai, Xiaoying Zhuang, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: For the first time, this study investigates the vibrational responses of a unimorph nanobeam with a functionally graded base and a dielectric layer that exhibits both piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity. The study applies the paradox-free local/nonlocal elasticity and utilizes Hamilton's principle to determine the formulation and boundary conditions. Additionally, the generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) is implemented to solve complex partial differential equations. The results show that small-scale flexoelectricity dominates the electromechanical coupling, indicating the importance of studying the effect of dielectric materials in smart structures.
Article
Acoustics
Qianqian Cai, Jiale Hu, Mengyue Chen, Juan Prieto, Alan J. Rosenbaum, Jeffrey S. A. Stringer, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: This study developed an IMU-assisted ultrasonic tracking system that achieved high accuracy positional and orientational localization. The system was designed using acoustic pressure field simulation, receiver configuration, position-variant error simulation, and sensor fusion. The prototype was tested within the typical operation speed ranges and compared with a commercial optical tracking device, showing centimeter-level positional tracking accuracy and sub-degree orientational tracking accuracy. These results indicate the potential of implementing the IMU-assisted ultrasonic tracking system in US probe localization.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yohachi John Yamashita, Haiyang Sun, Yu Xiang, Hiroshi Maiwa, Ho-Yong Lee, Hwang-Pill Kim, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: An exceptionally large free dielectric permittivity of 14200, piezoelectric coefficient (d (33)) of 4800 pC/N and calculated electromechanical coupling factor k (33) of 95.7% were obtained from Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3 (PMN) - Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) single crystals (SCs) under AC poling (ACP). The PMN -0.3PZT SCs grown by a solid-state crystal growth (SSCG) method with high composition uniformity showed a phase change temperature of 57°C-72°C and Curie temperature T (c) of 140°C. The measured d (33) of 250 pC/N was obtained after a heat treatment at 250°C, which is 110°C higher than the T (c) of the SC. Microstructural observations revealed that the ACP SC showed a different 109° domain wall layers morphology due to the presence of some pores, which is dissimilar to the Bridgman ACP relaxor-PbTiO3 SCs. These outstanding piezoelectric properties, heat durability, lower acoustic impedance, and better machinability of ACP SSCG SCs are promising for future piezoelectric device applications.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chang Peng, Huaiyu Wu, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: Ultrasound transducers are essential components in various applications, such as medical imaging, therapy, human health monitoring, and non-destructive testing, for the conversion of acoustic energy to electrical energy. Recent advances in nanotechnology have provided new opportunities for ultrasound transducers by integrating nanomaterials and nanofabrication techniques. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art advancements in nanotechnology-enabled ultrasound transducers, covering nanomaterials used in both piezoelectric and optoacoustic transducers, as well as fabrication techniques for nanostructured materials. The review also discusses representative nanotechnology-enabled ultrasound transducers for biomedical and non-destructive testing applications, and addresses major challenges and future research directions.
IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE
(2023)
