Article
Neurosciences
David Kolar, Lenka Kleteckova, Katerina Skalova, Hana Brozka, Martin Kalous, Karel Vales
Summary: This study used an experimental approach to induce psychosis-like behavior in rats and found that repeated inhibition of NMDA receptor activity led to progressive metabolic dysregulation in different brain regions, which may contribute to persistent cognitive problems during and following a psychosis in schizophrenia patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Changhao Wu, Chenglong Zheng, Shiyu Chen, Zhiwei He, Hao Hua, Chengyi Sun, Chao Yu
Summary: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a gastrointestinal tract malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. FOXQ1 has been found to be overexpressed in PC tissues and associated with poor prognosis. FOXQ1 overexpression promotes PC cell proliferation, tumor stemness, invasion, and metastasis, while FOXQ1 silencing shows the reverse effect. Mechanistic studies reveal that FOXQ1 promotes LDHA transcription to enhance aerobic glycolysis, contributing to the progression of PC.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gloria A. Benavides, Toni Mueller, Victor Darley-Usmar, Jianhua Zhang
Summary: Mitochondrial function is crucial for meeting the energy and metabolic needs of the brain, and abnormalities in mitochondrial function can lead to neurological and psychiatric diseases. Recent studies have developed methods to analyze bioenergetics from frozen tissues, which allows for the assessment of mitochondrial respiratory function in postmortem human brain samples. This approach has the potential to significantly impact translational studies of human diseases by providing a way to measure mitochondrial function in human tissue repositories.
Article
Cell Biology
Jun Li, Qian Zhang, Yupeng Guan, Dingzhun Liao, Donggen Jiang, Haiyun Xiong, Hengji Zhan, Jun Pang
Summary: The study reveals a novel molecular mechanism by which circVAMP3 promotes glycolysis and proliferation in RCC by regulating the enzymatic activity of LDHA, suggesting circVAMP3 as a biomarker and treatment target for RCC.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Ana Gabriela Jimenez, Evan Nash-Braun, Jason R. Meyers
Summary: The Mexican cavefish has two morphotypes: an obligate cave-dwelling form and a surface form. The study compared the aerobic and anaerobic metabolic profiles of their white muscle metabolism, as well as their muscle structures, and found that the two morphotypes have different metabolic profiles and muscle structures.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Min Kyoung Cho, Ling Jin, Jung Ho Han, Jung-Suk Jin, Se-Yun Cheon, Su Shin, Sung-Jin Bae, Jang-Kyung Park, Ki-Tae Ha
Summary: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder with limited treatment options. However, recent studies have shown that Prunella vulgaris, a traditional herbal medicine with anti-estrogenic effects, may be a potential treatment for endometriosis. In this study, water-extracted Prunella vulgaris was found to alleviate endometriosis in mice by inducing apoptosis in endometrial cells through the regulation of aerobic glycolysis enzymes. These findings suggest that Prunella vulgaris may be a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of endometriosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Emanuele La Bella, Andrea Baglieri, Ermes Ivan Rovetto, Piergiorgio Stevanato, Ivana Puglisi
Summary: The study investigated the application of Chlorella vulgaris extract on lettuce seedlings, which positively influenced the growth of seedlings, increased chlorophylls, carotenoids, protein content, and ashes in shoots. Additionally, the extract also had a positive impact on the nitrogen metabolism in shoots and increased dry matter, proteins, and ash content in roots.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alba Luengo, Zhaoqi Li, Dan Y. Gui, Lucas B. Sullivan, Maria Zagorulya, Brian T. Do, Raphael Ferreira, Adi Naamati, Ahmed Ali, Caroline A. Lewis, Craig J. Thomas, Stefani Spranger, Nicholas J. Matheson, Matthew G. Vander Heiden
Summary: Increasing the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex impairs cell proliferation by reducing the NAD(+)/NADH ratio, which is caused by increased mitochondrial membrane potential. When demand for NAD(+) exceeds the demand for ATP in cells, aerobic glycolysis is promoted despite available oxygen.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dusan Todorovic, Marija Stojanovic, Ana Medic, Kristina Gopcevic, Slavica Mutavdzin, Sanja Stankovic, Dragan Djuric
Summary: The study showed that under aerobic exercise conditions, the activities of LDH and mMDH increased in rats treated with homocysteine, while independent application of homocysteine did not lead to these changes. In addition, physical activity resulted in the activation of MMP-2 and increased activity of MMP-9 isoforms, affecting both homocysteine-treated and control rats.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ivana Puglisi, Emanuele La Bella, Ermes Ivan Rovetto, Piergiorgio Stevanato, Giancarlo Fascella, Andrea Baglieri
Summary: Microalgae-based products applied as biostimulants have attracted the attention of researchers. This study evaluated the effect of two different methods of Chlorella vulgaris extract application (foliar spray and root drenching) on lettuce seedlings. The growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and protein contents, as well as enzymatic activities involved in primary and secondary metabolism, were monitored. The results showed that both application methods positively influenced the growth and biochemical response of lettuce seedlings, although their mechanisms of action seemed to be different.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Yaqiong Li, Yue Zhang, Ningbo Xia, Taifang Zhou, Bang Shen
Summary: The concept of using pathogens as drugs has been recognized for over a century and has gained recent research attention for fighting diseases such as immune disorders. Studies have shown that Toxoplasma gondii mutants lacking two lactate dehydrogenases have high antitumor activity, inhibiting tumor growth in mouse models. Chronic Toxoplasma infection also demonstrates antitumor activity, and pre-existing chronic infections do not affect the efficacy of the mutant in repressing tumor growth.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. R. Dev Arundhathi, Sandeep R. Mathur, Ajay Gogia, S. V. S. Deo, Purusottam Mohapatra, Chandra Prakash Prasad
Summary: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognosis among breast cancer subtypes and standard chemotherapy is the main treatment. Metabolic reprogramming, specifically altered glycolysis, plays a crucial role in TNBC progression, offering potential therapeutic targets.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hebing Xie, Gang Xu, Yuqi Gao, Zhibin Yuan
Summary: The study investigated the role of hCINAP in promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis under hypoxic conditions, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for acute myocardial infarction.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Giacinto Iacovino, Martina Rossi, Giuseppina Di Stefano, Valentina Rossi, Claudia Binda, Maurizio Brigotti, Fabio Tomaselli, Alberto Pietro Pasti, Fabrizio Dal Piaz, Stefano Cerini, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Lactate dehydrogenase plays an important role in generating lactate under conditions of muscle fatigue or limited oxygen availability. This study reveals that rabbit skeletal muscle LDH undergoes allosteric transitions in response to pH changes, and the dissociation of LDH counteracts lactic acidosis, with citrate and pyruvate regulating the enzyme's conformational changes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucie Gerber, Kathy A. Clow, William R. Driedzic, Anthony K. Gamperl
Summary: Research on the interaction between nitric oxide (NO) and myoglobin (Mb) in the cardiovascular system of red-blooded fish shows that levels of NO are finely tuned to preserve NO homeostasis and mitochondrial function. Differences in NOS activity and NO IC50 between Mb-lacking lumpfish and Mb-expressing Atlantic salmon and short-horned sculpin suggest compensatory mechanisms to regulate [NO] and mitochondrial function. These findings indicate a close relationship between NO IC50 for oxidative phosphorylation and a fish's hypoxia tolerance.
Article
Immunology
Daniel C. G. Metz, Andrew Turner, Alexandria P. Nelson, Ryan F. Hechinger
Summary: We document the widespread distribution of three human-infecting trematodes and their introduced intermediate host snail in southern California. Two of the parasites pose a significant threat to human health and can be transmitted through the consumption of undercooked or underfrozen fish, while the third parasite can infect the human eye. Additionally, we found five non-human-infecting trematodes carried by the snail, highlighting the potential risk of introducing other dangerous pathogens. Considering the popularity of consuming uncooked fish and the presence of human-infecting trematodes, it is necessary to consider the public health implications of the introduced snail and its parasites in California and other areas in the United States.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Marco A. Vindas, Helene L. E. Midttun, Lauren E. Nadler, Romain Fontaine, Finn-Arne Weltzien, Oyvind Overli, Ida B. Johansen
Summary: Parasites can affect interactions at the population and community levels by influencing host behavior, physiology, and fitness. Even without establishing viable infections, parasite encounters can induce behavioral changes. This study used Japanese rice fish and a brain-infecting microsporidian parasite to investigate how parasite resistance affects behavior. The results show that parasite exposure led to significant behavioral alterations in non-susceptible hosts.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
William Weijen Chang, Angus B. Thies, Martin Tresguerres, Marian Y. Hu
Summary: The acid-base sensing enzyme soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) plays a central role in regulating pH homeostasis and biomineralization in sea urchin larvae. Its downregulation inhibits pH regulation and spicule growth in calcifying primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs), while its increased expression is associated with skeleton remineralization and acidic stress compensation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neil B. Metcalfe, Jakob Bellman, Pierre Bize, Pierre U. Blier, Amelie Crespel, Neal J. Dawson, Ruth E. Dunn, Lewis G. Halsey, Wendy R. Hood, Mark Hopkins, Shaun S. Killen, Darryl McLennan, Lauren E. Nadler, Julie J. H. Nati, Matthew J. Noakes, Tommy Norin, Susan E. Ozanne, Malcolm Peaker, Amanda K. Pettersen, Anna Przybylska-Piech, Alann Rathery, Charlotte Recapet, Enrique Rodriguez, Karine Salin, Antoine Stier, Elisa Thoral, Klaas R. Westerterp, Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga, Michal S. Wojciechowski, Pat Monaghan
Summary: Researchers from various fields have been trying to understand the causes and consequences of metabolic rate variation among individual animals of the same species. Differences in approach, terminology, and methodology have hindered research in this area. Recent advances provide opportunities to address key questions by standardizing across disciplines. A common conceptual and methodological toolkit for studying metabolic variation in animals can now be developed.
Review
Allergy
Andrew V. Turner, Johanna M. Smeekens
Summary: This article summarizes the role of environmental exposure to foods, especially peanut proteins, as a major risk factor for developing food allergy. Recent evidence suggests that both the airway and skin are routes of exposure that lead to peanut sensitization.
CURRENT ALLERGY AND ASTHMA REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel P. Yee, Ty J. Samo, Raffaela M. Abbriano, Bethany Shimasaki, Maria Vernet, Xavier Mayali, Peter K. Weber, B. Greg Mitchell, Mark Hildebrand, Johan Decelle, Martin Tresguerres
Summary: Diatoms, dinoflagellates, and coccolithophores, as dominant marine eukaryotic phytoplankton, have additional intracellular membranes around their chloroplasts. The evolutional advantage of these membranes and their significance for phytoplankton is poorly understood. VHA acidifies the microenvironment around secondary chloroplasts to promote dehydration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) into CO2, enhancing photosynthesis. This VHA-mediated enhancement contributes to at least 3.5 Gtons of fixed carbon per year, highlighting the global environmental implications of this symbiosis-derived evolutionary innovation.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Lauren E. Nadler, Shelley A. Adamo, Dana M. Hawley, Sandra A. Binning
Summary: Researchers studying animal phenotypes often neglect the influence of parasites on their study organisms. However, most wild animals harbor parasites that can alter individual phenotypes, including morphology, physiology, and behavior. These changes in host phenotype can have far-reaching effects on various biological levels, but the nature and magnitude of the effects depend on environmental factors experienced by the hosts and parasites. This special feature presents recent insights into how parasites modify host phenotypes across different systems, emphasizing the need for further understanding of infection-induced phenotypes and their relationship to natural variation and environmental conditions.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Laura Camacho-Jimenez, Alma B. Peregrino-Uriarte, Lilia Leyva-Carrillo, Silvia Gomez-Jimenez, Angus B. Thies, Martin Tresguerres, Gloria Yepiz-Plascencia
Summary: Penaeus vannamei experiences hypoxia in its natural habitat and in aquaculture. Under hypoxia, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is up-regulated in gills, enhancing anaerobic energy production. GAPDH is found in both cytosol and nucleus and may have non-glycolytic functions. Silencing of GAPDH leads to decreased activity and increased Caspase-3 expression, suggesting alternative roles in apoptosis.
MARINE AND FRESHWATER BEHAVIOUR AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Liza Roger, Nastassja Lewinski, Hollie Putnam, Shaochen Chen, Daniel Roxbury, Martin Tresguerres, Daniel Wangpraseurt
Summary: The increasing environmental pressure on coral reefs necessitates swift innovative actions. Nanotechnology can aid in comprehending and safeguarding existing reefs for their survival.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Trevor J. Hamilton, Martin Tresguerres, Garfield T. Kwan, Joshua Szaskiewicz, Brian Franczak, Tyler Cyronak, Andreas J. Andersson, David I. Kline
Summary: The study investigated the effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on dopamine receptor-dependent behavior in bicolor damselfish. It found that exposure to ocean acidification increased anxiety levels in damselfish and altered the activity of dopaminergic pathways regulating behavior. These results suggest that changes in dopamine D1 receptor function affect fish behavior during exposure to ocean acidification.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giacomo Moggioli, Balig Panossian, Yanan Sun, Daniel Thiel, Francisco M. Martin-Zamora, Martin Tran, Alexander M. Clifford, Shana K. Goffredi, Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova, Gaspar Jekely, Martin Tresguerres, Pei-Yuan Qian, Jian-Wen Qiu, Greg W. Rouse, Lee M. Henry, Jose M. Martin-Duran
Summary: This study finds that Osedax worms and Vestimentifera have evolved different genomic adaptations to sustain their bacterial symbioses and exploit different resources. Bacterial symbioses allow annelids to colonise extreme ecological niches, yet the genetic principles sustaining these symbioses remain unclear.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Joseph R. Benjamin, Jason B. Dunham, Kara J. Anlauf-Dunn, Erika Eliason
Summary: This study developed a climate vulnerability framework focusing on the growth potential of redband trout. The results showed that the maximum size of the trout increased with stream discharge, and smaller individuals performed better in cooler thermal regimes. The annual growth patterns varied among sites and were related to body size and physiological adaptive capacity.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
H. William Fennie, Noah Ben-Aderet, Steven J. Bograd, Garfield T. Kwan, Jarrod A. Santora, Isaac D. Schroeder, Andrew R. Thompson
Summary: Identifying factors that affect larval mortality is crucial for understanding fish population dynamics. Recent studies have shown that maternal provisioning can significantly influence the susceptibility of larvae to starvation and predation, the main causes of early-life mortality. Our research demonstrates that larger larval size at extrusion is associated with faster growth and higher survival rates during early life stages. Additionally, the environmental conditions experienced by gestating females affect the size and survival of larvae they produce.
FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Kelly L. Weinersmith, Lauren E. Nadler, Erik Bengston, Andrew V. Turner, Abhinav Birda, Karina Cobian, Jennifer A. Dusto, Siri H. Helland-Riise, Jasmine M. Terhall, Oyvind Overli, Ryan F. Hechinger
Summary: Some parasites manipulate their host's phenotype to enhance predation rates by the next host in the parasite's life cycle. However, studying this phenomenon is challenging due to design difficulties in obtaining uninfected hosts with coevolutionary history with the parasites. In a classic example, a brain-infecting trematode was found to be positively associated with conspicuous behaviors in infected fish, leading to increased predation by final host birds. Experimental infections confirmed that the trematode infection caused overall increases in conspicuous behaviors, although the effects were less consistent than previously documented.
JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY
(2023)