Article
Environmental Sciences
Terhi Kangas, Sylvie Gadeyne, Wouter Lefebvre, Charlotte Vanpoucke, Lucia Rodriguez-Loureiro
Summary: A study in Brussels, Belgium found that both objective and subjective exposure to air pollution increased the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disease mortality. The findings highlight the importance of policies aimed at reducing pollution load in Brussels and considering socio-economic disparities.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Wang
Summary: Beijing, a rapidly growing metropolis, faces significant and unique air pollution issues. This study conducted a chemical analysis of the organic components of fine particles in Beijing's urban environment using GC/MS. A total of 101 chemical compounds were identified and measured in PM2.5, with different compounds showing varied seasonal tendencies due to different primary pollution sources. The findings shed light on the seasonal air pollution patterns in Beijing.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xu Yan, Yucai Chen, Li Ma, Yongchun Liu, Yu Qi, Sijin Liu
Summary: This study reveals the significance of ageing in altering particle cytotoxicity and provides additional understandings for consecutive investigations on the adverse effects of air pollution on the respiratory system.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kristen M. Rappazzo, Lisa Baxter, Jason D. Sacks, Breanna L. Alman, Geoffrey Colin L. Peterson, Bryan Hubbell, Lucas Neas
Summary: The multi-city epidemiologic study revealed substantial spatial heterogeneity in city-specific mortality risk estimates associated with PM2.5 exposure across the United States. Factors such as PM2.5 composition and sources were identified as potential contributors to this heterogeneity, with only PM2.5 correlation with PM10 and long-term PM2.5 mass concentration explaining approximately 10% of the total variability. This analysis contributes to understanding the complex factors underlying the observed spatial heterogeneity in PM2.5-mortality effect estimates.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Swarnali Sanyal, Donald J. Wuebbles
Summary: The emissions from fossil fuel use not only affect climate but also have direct and indirect effects on air pollution. A more definite energy transformation is needed to reduce the adverse health effects caused by poor air quality. This study examines the possibility of a future where fossil fuel use has been extensively reduced and replaced by nonpolluting forms of energy. The results show that air quality improves significantly with respect to ozone and particulate pollution in the clean energy future scenario, emphasizing the importance of transforming energy production for air quality and human health.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmet Cihat Kahraman, Nuket Sivri
Summary: The air pollution dynamics and associated mortality rates in several metropolitan cities in the Marmara Region of Turkey were investigated. The study found that these cities consistently exceeded the limit values set by the European Union and the World Health Organization, resulting in tens of thousands of premature deaths. Therefore, establishing national limit values and implementing sustainable monitoring are crucial for developing appropriate action plans.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuzhou Wang, Joshua S. Apte, Jason D. Hill, Cesunica E. Ivey, Regan F. Patterson, Allen L. Robinson, Christopher W. Tessum, Julian D. Marshall
Summary: Air pollution levels in the United States have decreased, but racial-ethnic exposure disparities persist. Targeting specific locations for emission reductions can eliminate national exposure inequalities, while existing regulatory strategies require significant reductions. Additionally, location-specific strategies are found to be the most effective in reducing overall exposure and national inequalities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nina G. G. Domingo, Srinidhi Balasubramanian, Sumil K. Thakrar, Michael A. Clark, Peter J. Adams, Julian D. Marshall, Nicholas Z. Muller, Spyros N. Pandis, Stephen Polasky, Allen L. Robinson, Christopher W. Tessum, David Tilman, Peter Tschofen, Jason D. Hill
Summary: Agriculture is a major contributor to air pollution, resulting in increased environmental risk factors for mortality in the United States and worldwide. Animal-based foods are responsible for a high proportion of pollution, but interventions in livestock and fertilization practices can reduce these negative impacts. Shifting towards a plant-based diet can significantly decrease health issues caused by agriculture's contribution to reduced air quality.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chan Lu, Wenhui Yang, Faming Wang, Bin Li, Zijing Liu, Hongsen Liao
Summary: The study found that exposure to pollutants during pregnancy and after birth has an impact on children's doctor diagnosed pneumonia (DDP). Intrauterine and post-natal exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 were associated with DDP. Intrauterine exposure to PM2.5 and post-natal exposure to PM10 were associated with increased risk of pneumonia. The second trimester, third trimester, and first year after birth were identified as critical windows for PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 exposure. Daytime exposure to traffic-related pollution, especially in early life, increased the risk of DDP.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Behrooz Karimi, Behnosh Shokrinezhad
Summary: The study found that exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O-3 was associated with the risk of respiratory death, with stronger associations observed among elderly and women subjects.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pu Wang, Dachuan Liu, Arideep Mukherjee, Madhoolika Agrawal, Huawei Zhang, Evgenios Agathokleous, Xue Qiao, Xiaobin Xu, Yan Chen, Tong Wu, Mengye Zhu, Eri Saikawa, Shashi Bhushan Agrawal, Zhaozhong Feng
Summary: Severe air pollution in China and India poses a health threat to more than one-third of the global population. China adopts a centralized approach with enforced policies, while India's approach reflects power division and relies on legislative and judiciary systems. Studies show that China's efforts have improved air quality significantly, while India's policies have been largely ineffective. However, both approaches can be effective with strong political will and clear accountability systems. Key lessons for developing countries include taking advantage of post-crisis policy opportunities and targeting cost-effective improvements.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Afifa Aslam, Muhammad Ibrahim, Abid Mahmood, Muhammad Mubashir, Hassaan Fayyaz Khan Sipra, Imran Shahid, Shahla Ramzan, Mohd Talib Latif, Muhammad Yahya Tahir, Pau Loke Show
Summary: The study investigated the main sources and concentrations of pollutants in the ambient air of Faisalabad, Pakistan, finding that the levels exceeded air quality standards set by Pakistan and the United States. Therefore, an integrated multi-pollutant control strategy should be implemented to address the issue of air pollution.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feifei Wang, Tianyi Chen, Qian Chang, Yi-Wei Kao, Jian Li, Mingchih Chen, Yang Li, Ben-Chang Shia
Summary: There is a positive association between hospital visit rates for respiratory diseases and PM2.5 concentrations in Taiwan. Controlling PM2.5 could potentially reduce hospital visits for respiratory diseases in Taiwan.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahlam Ahmed Mohamed Elsunousi, Hakan Sevik, Mehmet Cetin, Halil Baris Ozel, Handan Ucun Ozel
Summary: Today, environmental pollution, particularly air pollution, is a major global issue that significantly impacts human health. This study focused on investigating the regional and periodic changes of CO2 and particulate matter pollution in Misurata, Libya, revealing the cleanest areas to be industrial zones and farming areas, while the dirtiest areas were found in the city centre. The study also found that CO2 levels were lowest in January and highest in February, while particulate matter levels were lowest in January and highest in December.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zefeng Zhang, Hengnan Guo, Hanqing Kang, Jing Wang, Junlin An, Xingna Yu, Jingjing Lv, Bin Zhu
Summary: This study analyzes the relationship between visibility, extinction coefficient, and atmospheric compositions, and proposes using the harmonic average of visibility data as the average visibility, which is recommended for studies on climate change, atmospheric radiation, air pollution, and environmental health.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Salwaty Jamaludin, Rusmawati Said, Normaz Wana Ismail, Norashidah Mohamed Nor
Summary: The global trend of increasing graduate unemployment is evident, with Malaysia being no exception. Despite numerous programmes aimed at securing jobs for the unemployed, the number of unemployed graduates continues to rise. Research indicates that the primary reason for their unemployment is the lack of suitable job opportunities in the market, highlighting an issue of asymmetric information between demand and supply in the labor market.
Article
Business
Zera Zuryana Idris, Normaz Wana Ismail, Saifuzzaman Ibrahim
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in demand for medical products, leading to shortage due to trade policy changes. The World Health Organization recommends countries to encourage local production and identify multiple import sources to ensure sustainability. This study examines the comparative advantages and competitiveness of top medical product exporters, providing specific import sources for developing countries.
JOURNAL OF COMPETITIVENESS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Zaheer Khan, Rusmawati Said, Nur Syazwani Mazlan, Norashidah Mohamed Nor
Summary: This study empirically examines the incidence and earning effect of educational mismatch in the labor market of Pakistan. The study found a considerable incidence of under-education and over-education in the labor market. Results show a positive return to under-education and over-education. However, the return to the required level of education is significantly higher than both the undereducation and over-education.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Yantong Zhao, Rusmawati Said, Normaz Wana Ismail, Hanny Zurina Hamzah
Summary: China has been the world's largest market for industrial robots since 2013. The application of robots is significantly correlated with employment demand in different industries, promoting the employment of high-skilled talent while reducing employment in traditional industries.
COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Noraida Omar, Shazli Illyani Shafiee, Siti Hazimah Nor'hisham, Zuriati Ibrahim, Rosita Jamaluddin, Syafiqah Rahamat, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof, Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat, Hakimah Sallehuddin, Nur Syazwani Mazlan
Summary: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Malaysian Geriatric Patients' Hospital Foodservice Protocol (MYGERYFS). The first phase of the study showed that dietary intake and mealtime barriers were significantly associated with patients' foodservice satisfaction. The second and third phases involve collaboration with healthcare professionals and a feasibility study to determine the practicality of the protocol.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Zaheer Khan, Rusmawati Said, Nur Syazwani Mazlan, Norashidah Mohamed Nor
Summary: This study uses microdata from the labour force survey of Pakistan for the period 2013-2018 to measure the occupational segregation of male and female workers in Pakistan. The study utilizes the local segregation method to analyze gender segregation in various subgroups based on individual and labor market characteristics. The findings indicate that female segregation plays a significant role in overall gender segregation, despite the lower representation of female labor force. The study also reveals higher occupational segregation among elderly individuals compared to other age groups, and higher levels of education do not contribute to reducing segregation in the labor market.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yifan Liang, Nur Syazwani Mazlan, Azali Bin Mohamed, Nor Yasmin Binti Mhd Bani, Bufan Liang
Summary: This study examines the non-linear impact of aging population on economic development using 18 years of panel data from 31 regions in China. The research categorizes the regions into Eastern, Central, and Western and compares the different effects of aging population on economic development. The findings show that the influence of aging population varies significantly depending on the threshold variables and regions, indicating the importance of region-specific policies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nor Asma Ahmad, Normaz Wana Ismail, Shaufique Fahmi Ahmad Sidique, Nur Syazwani Mazlan
Summary: While air pollution has been shown to have catastrophic effects on population health, few economic studies exist due to the reliance on epidemiological evidence. This study aims to examine the impact of air pollution and governance on health outcomes. Using panel data for 72 developing countries from 2010 to 2017, the study finds that higher levels of PM2.5 and CO2 negatively affect life expectancy and healthy life expectancy, while governance has a positive impact on these outcomes. Moreover, governance quality moderates the negative effect of PM2.5 on health outcomes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public Administration
Muhammad Faheem, Mohamed Azali, Lee Chin, Nur Syazwani Mazlan
Summary: The study determines the relationship between oil prices and public expenditures in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates, and reveals some fiscal behavioral characteristics of the region. It is recommended that governments reinvest surplus oil revenue into other sectors of the economy to mitigate the negative impact of falling oil prices.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Zera Zuryana Idris, Normaz Wana Ismail, Saifuzzaman Ibrahim, Hanny Zurina Hamzah
Summary: This study finds a negative impact of high-tech trade on employment, and suggests that appropriate policy measures should be taken to ensure the benefits of growth are fairly distributed while promoting the development of high-tech trade.
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Business, Finance
Normaz Wana Ismail
Summary: This study investigates the impact of digital dimensions on trade in selected Asian countries and trade partners. Results show that digital infrastructure alone is not sufficient for trade facilitation, and it must be accompanied by digital usage and security to effectively promote trade.
STUDIES IN ECONOMICS AND FINANCE
(2021)