Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Diaz-Colunga, Nanxi Lu, Alicia Sanchez-Gorostiaga, Chang-Yu Chang, Helen S. Cai, Joshua E. Goldford, Mikhail Tikhonov, Alvaro Sanchez
Summary: Microbial communities frequently invade one another as a whole, a phenomenon known as community coalescence. This study provides direct evidence that collective invasions can lead to ecological coselection in microbial communities due to cross-feeding interactions at the community level.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Katrina S. Munsterman, Jacob E. Allgeier, Joseph R. Peters, Deron E. Burkepile
Summary: The study examined the impact of changes in herbivore assemblages on top-down and bottom-up processes in coral reef ecosystems. Large excavating parrotfishes and other herbivores play crucial roles in coral health and nutrient recycling in coral-dominated reefs, while detritivorous fishes contribute to algal dominance in algal-dominated reefs. Identifying the unique roles of consumers in maintaining and reinforcing ecosystem states is essential for predicting the effects of shifts in consumer assemblages.
Article
Ecology
Sven P. Tobias-Hunefeldt, Jess Wenley, Federico Baltar, Sergio E. Morales
Summary: The study revealed that bottom-up selection plays a crucial role in the early stages of microbial community assembly, while top-down predation becomes increasingly important over time. Wooden substrates promote heterotrophic growth, whereas inert substrates select for autotrophs, as they lack degradable material. Late communities are primarily under top-down control, with large predators pruning heterotrophs and leading to increased understanding of ecological processes guiding community assembly.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yonatan Vanunu, Jared M. Hotaling, Mike E. Le Pelley, Ben R. Newell
Summary: The study shows that initial attention in risky choice is driven by perceptual properties of the stimulus, while subsequent choices are more influenced by goal-driven factors. Options with the highest values and largest font sizes have the greatest impact on choice, while distractors may attract attention but do not affect actual decision-making.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
T. Burr, S. Croft, A. Favalli, T. Krieger, B. Weaver
Summary: This paper reviews progress and presents new results for uncertainty quantification in nuclear safeguards, focusing on data-driven choices in SD estimation, the use of approximate Bayesian computation, computational calibration, revisions to the GUM, and critique of a Unified Theory of Measurement Errors and Uncertainties.
CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Hajo Eicken, Finn Danielsen, Josephine-Mary Sam, Maryann Fidel, Noor Johnson, Michael K. Poulsen, Olivia A. Lee, Katie Spellman, Lisbeth Iversen, Peter Pulsifer, Martin Enghoff
Summary: Effective responses to rapid environmental change rely on observations to inform planning and decision-making. Comparing top-down, large-scale program driven approaches with bottom-up approaches initiated and steered at the community level can yield benefits, especially when connecting to Indigenous and local knowledge.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gyurim Park, Dong Yeon Jeong, Seung Yeon Yu, Jong Jin Park, Jong H. Kim, Hoichang Yang, Youngmin You
Summary: This research demonstrates an advancement in the engineering of emitters with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties. By utilizing a combined top-down and bottom-up strategy, the photoluminescence quantum yield and the luminescence dissymmetry factor were simultaneously amplified. The integration of chiral anions and the formation of helical assemblies of square-planar Pt(II) complexes played crucial roles in activating the CPL-active metal-metal-to-ligand charge transfer transition.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andreas Froemelt, Arne Geschke, Thomas Wiedmann
Summary: This article discusses a highly detailed, spatially-resolved modelling framework that quantifies local activities and analyzes system-wide environmental and economic effects of planned interventions. Two case studies were conducted to examine production-based greenhouse gas emissions, consumption-based carbon footprints, and regional differences in Switzerland. The importance of providing regionalized information along economic value chains and the potential benefits and drawbacks of detailed scenarios were highlighted.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Margarita Brandt, Isabel Silva-Romero, David Fernandez-Garnica, Esteban Agudo-Adriani, Colleen B. Bove, John F. Bruno
Summary: This study found that nutrient availability, temperature, and herbivory all have impacts on macroalgal biomass. Excluding herbivores significantly increased macroalgal biomass, regardless of season or nutrient availability. However, the interactive effects of nutrients and herbivores differed between the cool and warm seasons. The results suggest that nutrient availability, rather than temperature, modulates the effects of herbivory.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geography
Sebastian Linke, Nathan Siegrist
Summary: This article explores the different approaches to fisheries governance in the European Union (EU) by investigating the capacity of Swedish FLAGs to support small-scale fisheries and coastal communities. It is found that the FLAG approach has the potential to support local fisheries development and prioritize the interests of small-scale fisheries. However, the unique Swedish FLAG experience reveals limitations in including the interests of small-scale fisheries and coastal communities on a structural basis, leading to marginalization and disempowerment of local fisheries interests.
SOCIOLOGIA RURALIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aldo Renato Couto, Felipe Rebello Lourenco
Summary: This paper aims to estimate the measurement uncertainty of the quantification of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and salicylic acid (SA) in ASA samples using a stability-indicating multivariate spectrophotometric procedure. The measurement uncertainties were estimated using both top-down and bottom-up approaches, considering various sources of uncertainty. The developed methodology allows for the estimation of measurement uncertainty in multivariate spectrophotometric analysis.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yingwei Pan, Yehao Li, Ting Yao, Tao Mei
Summary: This article discusses a technique for image captioning that utilizes a bottom-up and top-down attention mechanism to select and describe salient objects based on human subjective experience. The proposed approach uses the object sequence of interest as top-down signals to guide caption generation and incorporates an attention mechanism to integrate bottom-up and top-down signals. It also introduces a contrastive learning-based objective to ensure reliable and explainable cross-modal reasoning.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Meihui Li, Lingbing Peng, Tianfu Wu, Zhenming Peng
Summary: This paper proposes a bottom-up and top-down integration framework that combines short-term memory and long-term memory based trackers for online object tracking. Experimental results show that the method outperforms deep learning based trackers in a pre-training-free setting and the outputs from sparse coding are potentially useful for downstream tasks such as action recognition, multiple-object tracking, and object re-identification.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deryn O. LeDuke, Matilde Borio, Raymundo Miranda, Kay M. Tye
Summary: The functional interaction between bottom-up and top-down processing allows individuals to respond appropriately to the changing environment. These processing modalities can be represented using a dynamical systems model of the brain. The transition between attractor states depends on stability, depth, neuromodulatory tone, and plasticity changes. In disease states like anxiety or depression, understanding the relationship between these states is crucial. This study examines bottom-up and top-down processing from Marr's computational perspective to understand depressive and anxious disease states, using examples of amygdala and prefrontal cortex signaling.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Karol Kampf
Summary: This work systematically studies the higher-derivative corrections of the non-linear Sigma model, focusing on ordered amplitudes of flavor scalars in massless limit. New S-matrix methods are applied to construct amplitudes and analyze tree-level amplitudes, with possible theoretical simplifications based on specific relations. Additionally, the comparison with the Z-function connected with string theory is also discussed in the same context.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Tiffany J. Nay, Rohan J. Longbottom, Connor R. Gervais, Jacob L. Johansen, John F. Steffensen, Jodie L. Rummer, Andrew S. Hoey
Summary: The study found that epaulette sharks on the coral reef flat tend to mirror environmental temperatures, indicating a lack of behavioral thermoregulation. Despite the ability to tolerate a broad range of temperatures, it is unclear how these sharks, and other species, will cope as temperatures continue to rise on coral reef flats. Understanding potential strategies used by species to cope with warming temperatures will be crucial for predicting future populations and ecosystems.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Daniele D'Agostino, John A. Burt, Veronica Santinelli, Grace O. Vaughan, Ashley M. Fowler, Tom Reader, Brett M. Taylor, Andrew S. Hoey, Georgenes H. Cavalcante, Andrew G. Bauman, David A. Feary
Summary: Determining the life-history consequences for fishes living in extreme and variable environments is crucial in predicting the impacts of climate change. This study compared two common reef fish species in the Arabian Gulf and Oman Sea, finding smaller size-at-age and lower maximum size in the extreme environment. Salinity was identified as the key environmental predictor of interannual growth, with temperature having a weak positive effect on fishes in the Arabian Gulf.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolas Loiseau, Wilfried Thuiller, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Vincent Devictor, Graham J. Edgar, Laure Velez, Joshua E. Cinner, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Julien Renaud, Andrew S. Hoey, Stephanie Manel, David Mouillot
Summary: Protected areas play a crucial role in securing biodiversity, but adjacent areas with different protection levels can host distinct species compositions. Approximately 12% to 15% of species are found only in non-protected areas, indicating that a notable portion of regional biodiversity occurs in less regulated areas. Imperiled species, particularly fishes, birds, and plants, show a high proportion of unique species recorded only in strictly protected areas, underscoring the essential role of protected areas and their environmental conditions in biodiversity conservation.
Article
Ecology
Andrew G. Bauman, Andrew S. Hoey, Glenn Dunshea, Jenny Fong, Ian Z. W. Chan, Peter A. Todd
Summary: Fear of predators influences foraging behavior of herbivorous fishes over small spatial scales, with larger group sizes further from predators. These fear effects interact with herbivore group size to shape the distribution and intensity of herbivory, impacting macroalgal removal on coral reefs.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Jake R. Lowe, Samuel D. Payet, Hugo B. Harrison, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Andrew S. Hoey, Brett M. Taylor, Tane H. Sinclair-Taylor, Morgan S. Pratchett
Summary: The study compared multiple life-history traits of the two-spined angelfish across 22 reefs spanning 13 degrees of latitude within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and the Coral Sea Marine Park in Australia. While no predictable latitudinal variation was found in mortality rates, growth patterns, growth rates, or maximum length, there were consistent differences in longevity at lower latitudes in the Coral Sea Marine Park. Additionally, individuals of the species were found to be larger on average on continental reefs compared to oceanic reefs at similar latitudes, suggesting that local environmental conditions may have a greater influence on the demographic rates and life-history traits of the angelfish.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Damian P. Thomson, Russell C. Babcock, Richard D. Evans, Ming Feng, Molly Moustaka, Melanie Orr, Dirk Slawinski, Shaun K. Wilson, Andrew S. Hoey
Summary: The study investigates the spatiotemporal variability in coral recruitment at 15 reefs in the Dampier Archipelago, north-western Australia, between 2015 and 2017, and identifies the environmental predictors for coral recruitment patterns. The density of coral recruits is influenced by factors such as the percent cover of live corals, water turbidity, and an oceanographic model that predicts larval dispersal, with the highest density of recruits found in areas with greater than 35% coral cover, low to moderate turbidity, and moderate to high predictions of larval dispersal.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Cher F. Y. Chow, Emmy Wassenius, Maria Dornelas, Andrew S. Hoey
Summary: This study investigated the effects of body size and species traits on the spatial scaling of foraging patterns in herbivorous coral reef fishes. The results showed that species identity was a stronger predictor than body size for all foraging metrics. Although foraging area was mainly explained by species, the models for tortuosity and mean inter-foray distance had a small effect of body size.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Magena R. Marzonie, Line K. Bay, David G. Bourne, Andrew S. Hoey, Samuel Matthews, Josephine J. Nielsen, Hugo B. Harrison
Summary: Scleractinian coral populations are facing increasing exposure to temperatures above their upper limits, leading to declines in coral reef ecosystem health. Variations in thermal tolerance exist among species, individual coral colonies, and populations. This study conducted heat stress experiments to assess heat tolerance across a large environmental gradient. The results showed variations in heat tolerance among species and within reefs, with mild heatwave exposure positively correlated with heat tolerance over the past 35 years, but recent severe heatwaves showing a negative relationship. These findings suggest that marine heatwaves are selecting for tolerant individuals and populations, but recent severe heatwaves may compromise this adaptive potential.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Joshua S. Madin, Michael McWilliam, Kate Quigley, Line K. Bay, David Bellwood, Christopher Doropoulos, Leanne Fernandes, Peter Harrison, Andrew S. Hoey, Peter J. Mumby, Juan C. Ortiz, Zoe T. Richards, Cynthia Riginos, Nina M. D. Schiettekatte, David J. Suggett, Madeleine J. H. van Oppen
Summary: Humans have focused on restoring species, but little attention has been given to selecting the best subset of foundation species for maintaining threatened ecosystems. We propose a two-part hedging approach that prioritizes phenotypic traits and ecological characteristics. By applying this approach to reef building corals, we found that current restoration programs could be improved by including species with different traits.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
So Young Jeong, Paul W. Gabrielson, Jeffery R. Hughey, Andrew S. Hoey, Tae Oh Cho, Muhammad A. Abdul Wahab, Guillermo Diaz-Pulido
Summary: Porolithon is an ecologically important genus of crustose coralline algae, distributed abundantly in tropical and subtropical shallow margins of coral reefs. Sequence comparisons of type specimens and field-collected specimens reveal four unique genetic lineages, suggesting the absence of P. gardineri and P. craspedium in eastern Australia. Furthermore, four new species are discovered, distinguished by growth form, margin shape, and medullary system. Urgent documentation of the taxonomic diversity of Porolithon species is necessary due to their ecological importance and sensitivity to ocean acidification.
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica Zamborain-Mason, Joshua E. Cinner, M. Aaron Macneil, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Andrew S. Hoey, Maria Beger, Andrew J. Brooks, David J. Booth, Graham J. Edgar, David A. Feary, Sebastian C. A. Ferse, Alan M. Friedlander, Charlotte L. A. Gough, Alison L. Green, David Mouillot, Nicholas V. C. Polunin, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Laurent Wantiez, Ivor D. Williams, Shaun K. Wilson, Sean R. Connolly
Summary: Sustainably managing fisheries requires evaluation of stock status, but many multispecies reef fisheries lack research and monitoring capacity to assess stocks against sustainable reference points. In this study, fish biomass data from >2000 coral reefs were used to estimate site-specific sustainable reference points for coral reef fisheries. The results show that >50% of sites and jurisdictions with available information have stocks of conservation concern. The study highlights the ecological benefits of increasing sustainability and provides a promising means for enhancing the sustainability of global coral reef fisheries.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Morgan S. Pratchett, Ciemon F. Caballes, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Joseph D. DiBattista, Brock Bergseth, Peter Waldie, Curtis Champion, Samuel P. Mc Cormack, Andrew S. Hoey
Summary: This study explored the variation in physiological condition of common coral trout on Australia's Great Barrier Reef after severe mass bleaching and coral loss. The results showed that fish condition was largely influenced by fish size and varied with latitude, while there was no apparent effect of recent coral bleaching on the physiological condition of the fish. However, further changes to the environmental conditions and reef habitat may impact these important fisheries species.
Article
Fisheries
Damian P. Thomson, Anna K. Cresswell, Christopher Doropoulos, Michael D. E. Haywood, Melanie Orr, Andrew S. Hoey
Summary: The study revealed the presence of bumphead parrotfish in the Ningaloo Reef World Heritage Area, marking the first scientific record of this species and highlighting its significant ecological role. The species plays an important role in bioerosion and should be considered for increased protection due to its vulnerability to overfishing.