Editorial Material
Psychology, Biological
Lisa M. Shin, Samuel R. Sommers
Summary: Increased exposure to media coverage of traumatic events is linked to greater symptoms of post-traumatic stress, especially in youth with specific patterns of brain activation that may make them more vulnerable to trauma.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa A. Brenner, Jeri E. Forster, Jaimie L. Gradus, Trisha A. Hostetter, Claire A. Hoffmire, Colin G. Walsh, Mary Jo Larson, Kelly A. Stearns-Yoder, Rachel Sayko Adams
Summary: This study aimed to identify the associations of military-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) with suicide and new-onset mental health conditions. The findings showed that soldiers with a history of TBI had higher rates of new-onset mental health conditions and were at greater risk of suicide. These results highlight the need for increased efforts to address the cumulative risk associated with multiple military-related exposures.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Katrin Jaradeh, Francesco Sergi, Coleen Kivlahan, Cesar Nava Gonzales, Mar Cury, Triveni DeFries
Summary: This study describes the implementation of trauma-informed care principles in a student-run asylum clinic, highlighting the importance of these principles in supporting individuals seeking asylum during forensic medical evaluations. The clinic completed 160 evaluations over a three-year period, with positive feedback from participants. Future research should focus on assessing secondary trauma and resilience within these clinics.
Article
Psychiatry
Carole E. Siegel, Eugene M. Laska, Ziqiang Lin, Mu Xu, Duna Abu-Amara, Michelle K. Jeffers, Meng Qian, Nicholas Milton, Janine D. Flory, Rasha Hammamieh, Bernie J. Daigle, Aarti Gautam, Kelsey R. Dean, Victor Reus, Owen M. Wolkowitz, Synthia H. Mellon, Kerry J. Ressler, Rachel Yehuda, Kai Wang, Leroy Hood, Francis J. Doyle, Marti Jett, Charles R. Marmar
Summary: The study identified two clinical subtypes of PTSD in veterans using machine learning methods and blood biomarkers, showing that one subtype (S2) had more severe symptoms compared to the other subtype (S1) and healthy controls. Multi-omic blood markers were effective in distinguishing between these subtypes and healthy controls, with methylation, micro RNA, and lactate markers showing a biological role in symptom severity.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Reihaneh Ahmadi, Sama Rahimi-Jafari, Mahnaz Olfati, Nooshin Javaheripour, Farnoosh Emamian, Mohammad Rasoul Ghadami, Habibolah Khazaie, David C. Knight, Masoud Tahmasian, Amir A. Sepehry
Summary: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is strongly associated with insomnia, and the prevalence of insomnia in PTSD patients is high. Screening and managing insomnia in PTSD patients are of great importance.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcela Konjevod, Gordana Nedic Erjavec, Matea Nikolac Perkovic, Jorge Saiz, Lucija Tudor, Suzana Uzun, Oliver Kozumplik, Dubravka Svob Strac, Neven Zarkovic, Nela Pivac
Summary: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder that can develop in individuals exposed to severe stress or trauma. Metabolomic analysis has revealed altered metabolites that may differentiate between PTSD patients and healthy individuals, potentially shedding light on the pathogenesis of PTSD.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tom Salomon, Adi Cohen, Daniel Barazany, Gal Ben-Zvi, Rotem Botvinik-Nezer, Rani Gera, Shiran Oren, Dana Roll, Gal Rozic, Anastasia Saliy, Niv Tik, Galia Tsarfati, Ido Tavor, Tom Schonberg, Yaniv Assaf
Summary: The study suggests that the brains of healthy individuals may undergo transient volumetric changes related to stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes decrease over time following the lifting of lockdown measures, indicating that intense experiences associated with the pandemic play a role.
Article
Psychiatry
Quanjun Liu, Haochen Wang, Anbang Liu, Cheng Jiang, Weiya Li, Huan Ma, Qingshan Geng
Summary: Depression is marginally associated with poor medication adherence in hypertensive patients, and the correlation increases with the severity of depression. Moreover, socioeconomic/demographic factors have an independent impact on medication adherence.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jared Greenberg, Jack Tsai, Steven M. Southwick, Robert H. Pietrzak
Summary: The study found that PTG is relatively common among combat veterans with severe PTSD symptoms, and is associated with better mental functioning and quality of life.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Niteesh K. Choudhry, Ian M. Kronish, Wanpen Vongpatanasin, Keith C. Ferdinand, Valory N. Pavlik, Brent M. Egan, Antoinette Schoenthaler, Nancy Houston Miller, David J. Hyman
Summary: The widespread treatment of hypertension and improvements in blood pressure have led to a decline in heart disease and stroke, but there is still a gap between public health targets and actual blood pressure control rates. Medication nonadherence is a key factor contributing to this gap, and the scientific statement aims to summarize its impact and strategies for improving adherence.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
David Gold, Stuart Hughes, David Thomas
Summary: The study investigated perceptions, experiences, and opportunities for occupational safety and health professionals (OSHP) during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding an expanded role for them beyond risk management to include business continuity, mental health issues, and health protection. It also highlighted the challenges faced by OSHPs due to the pandemic, emphasizing the need for further education and training in related areas.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Joanna Dabrowska
Summary: In this article, the currently recommended pharmacotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is reviewed and promising pharmacotherapies are discussed. These include the use of serotonergic psychedelics as adjunct therapies and glucocorticoids targeting the consolidation of fear memory. The article also highlights three factors impeding progress in pharmacotherapy development for anxiety disorders and PTSD: the lack of research on fear processing in female animal models, the poor implementation of knowledge on stress and fear circuitry into clinical practice, and the limited understanding of canonical fear circuitry. The functional link between interoceptive signals and emotion regulation is emphasized, and the potential of these signals for PTSD treatment, which often involves cardiovascular dysregulation, is discussed. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying fear processing is crucial for the development of sex- and developmental trauma-specific interventions and precision medicine for anxiety disorders and PTSD.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Richard A. Bryant, Kim L. Felmingham, Gin Malhi, Elpiniki Andrew, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
Summary: This study found distinct neural processes during threat processing in CPTSD compared to PTSD, with CPTSD participants showing greater activation in bilateral insula and right amygdala during supraliminal threat stimuli. Additionally, both CPTSD and PTSD groups displayed reduced activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and increased activation in the amygdala and insula during subliminal threat stimuli.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Singh, Brianna Garate, Johanna M. Hoppe, Emily A. Holmes
Summary: This study explores the features of analogue trauma hotspots and finds that they mirror those of hotspots soon after real trauma, supporting the clinical validity of this 'experimental psychology model'.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olcha Meir, Kuokkanen Satu, Xianhong Xie, Negassa Abdissa, Pal Lubna, Jindal Sangita
Summary: The study found no association between Hurricane Katrina exposure and adverse perinatal outcomes or miscarriages in pregnancies conceived via assisted reproductive technology. Additionally, there was no significant impact on other perinatal outcomes such as infant weight at birth. However, a trend of decreased male infant births was observed after the hurricane, suggesting a potential link between extreme stress and a reduced male to female sex ratio.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Billy A. Caceres, April J. Ancheta, Caroline Dorsen, Kelley Newlin-Lew, Donald Edmondson, Tonda L. Hughes
Summary: This study examines racial/ethnic differences in physiological risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among sexual minority and heterosexual adults. The findings suggest that sexual minorities, especially people of color, have a higher CVD risk compared to white heterosexual individuals. The study highlights the need for health promotion initiatives and further research on the influence of psychosocial stressors on CVD risk in sexual minorities.
ETHNICITY & HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Talea Cornelius, Jeffrey L. Birk, Ari Shechter
Summary: Patients and their partners both experience adverse mental and physical health outcomes after hospital discharge, and these outcomes may be explained by hospital stressors. This study found that greater times and nights of patient hospitalization were associated with increased partner depression, but not with changes in partner self-reported health.
BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ari Shechter, Codruta Chiuzan, Yimeng Shang, Gavin Ko, Franchesca Diaz, Hadiah K. Venner, Kaitlin Shaw, Diane E. Cannone, Cara L. McMurry, Alexandra M. Sullivan, Reynaldo R. Rivera, Courtney Vose, Peter A. Shapiro, Marwah Abdalla
Summary: This study investigated the incidence, prevalence, and factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among healthcare workers in New York City after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that PTSD symptoms improved over a 3-month period, but one-fourth of the healthcare workers still had an increased risk for PTSD at 10 weeks. Being female, working as a nurse, and working in a COVID-19-focused setting were associated with increased odds of PTSD symptoms at 10 weeks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael W. Otto, Rebecca E. Lubin, David Rosenfield, Daniel J. Taylor, Jeffrey L. Birk, Colin A. Espie, Ari Shechter, Donald Edmondson, Justin M. Shepherd, Michael J. Zvolensky
Summary: This study examined the association between psychosocial factors and self-reported sleep duration and quality in a diverse sample of adults. The findings suggest that rumination amplifies the negative sleep consequences of race- and ethnicity-related stressors, highlighting the importance of addressing rumination as a potential treatment target for sleep disparities.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Donald Edmondson, David Conroy, Rainer Romero-Canyas, Molly Tanenbaum, Susan Czajkowski
Summary: This paper discusses the impact of the climate crisis on health and health behaviors, proposes a multilevel, translational approach to study health behavior change, and identifies specific challenges and opportunities for improving the rigor of behavioral medicine research.
TRANSLATIONAL BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Guillaume Chevance, Ujue Fresan, Eric Hekler, Donald Edmondson, Simon J. Lloyd, Joan Ballester, Jill Litt, Ivana Cvijanovic, Vera Araujo-Soares, Paquito Bernard
Summary: This article aims to identify potential bi-directional associations between climate change impacts and health-related behaviors, and proposes key actions for the behavioral medicine community to contribute to mitigation and adaptation to climate change.
ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joseph Belloir, Nour Makarem, Ari Shechter
Summary: There is a relationship between sleep and circadian factors with cardiovascular disease risk. Sleep duration, insomnia, sleep regularity, multidimensional sleep health, and circadian factors like chronotype and social jetlag are all related to cardiovascular disease risk. Interventions focusing on sleep can help reduce cardiovascular disease risk and burden. Sleep is recognized as an integral component of cardiovascular health.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Ari Shechter, Allison A. Norful
Review
Clinical Neurology
Evan Hale, Elie Gottlieb, John Usseglio, Ari Shechter
Summary: Despite improvements in survival rates, the risk of recurrent events after stroke remains high. Sleep disturbances are both a contributor to and a consequence of stroke, making the relationship complex. This study aimed to examine the association between sleep disturbance and recurrent major acute coronary events or all-cause mortality in stroke survivors. The analysis of 32 studies found a positive relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and recurrent events/mortality, while the findings on positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment for OSA were mixed.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mark Butler, Stefani D'Angelo, Alexandra Perrin, Jordyn Rodillas, Danielle Miller, Lindsay Arader, Thevaa Chandereng, Ying Kuen Cheung, Ari Shechter, Karina W. Davidson
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of personalized interventions for improving sleep quality. Participants will receive different interventions of 3 mg melatonin, 0.5 mg melatonin, and placebo based on random allocation. The effectiveness of the intervention will be assessed through self-reported sleep quality and duration, as well as Fitbit tracker-measured sleep duration and efficiency. The trial is currently ongoing.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Joseph Belloir, Tsion Firew, Maody Miranda, Kaitlin Shaw, Joseph Schwartz, Nour Makarem, Kathryn Marcon, Katharina Schultebraucks, Alexandra Sullivan, Bernard Chang, Ari Shechter
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Nour Makarem, Charles German, Zhanhao Zhang, Keith Diaz, Priya Palta, Dustin Duncan, Cecilia Castro-Diehl, Ari Shechter
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Allison Norful, Joseph Belloir, Tsion Firew, Maody Miranda, Kaitlin Shaw, Joseph Schwartz, Kathryn Macron, Katharina Schultebraucks, Alexandra Sullivan, Bernard Chang, Ari Shechter
Meeting Abstract
Psychiatry
Alison Trainor, Margaret E. Murdock, Cara L. McMurry, Ian M. Kronish, Ari Shechter
PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE
(2022)
