Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luis Flores Horgue, Alexis Assens, Leon Fodoulian, Leonardo Marconi, Joel Tuberosa, Alexander Haider, Madlaina Boillat, Alan Carleton, Ivan Rodriguez
Summary: This study reveals that the diversity of olfactory neurons in mice is influenced by both the chemoreceptor expressed by each neuron and the experience of that neuron. The transcriptomic profiles of mouse olfactory sensory neurons are already divergent at rest, specific to the olfactory receptor they express, and can further evolve in response to environmental stimuli. These findings contribute to our understanding of the complexity and adaptability of sensory coding.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Michal Pieniak, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Vittoria Avaro, Federico Calegari, Thomas Hummel
Summary: Olfactory training (OT) has been shown to benefit olfactory recovery and is debated for its potential to improve psychological functioning. Research focuses on its utility in clinical practice and the accompanying changes in olfactory loss patients and animal models. Challenges lie in methodological issues in OT research and areas requiring further scientific attention.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xueyang Bao, Yingyu Qin, Linrong Lu, Mingzhu Zheng
Summary: This review summarizes the transcriptional regulators involved in the early stages of T cell development and explores the cascade networks during the entire developmental process. Using advanced techniques, this study provides possible directions for future research.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Patrick Ioerger, Dorina Kallogjeri, Lauren Roland, John S. Schneider, Jay F. Piccirillo, Nyssa Fox Farrell
Summary: Developed and validated a quality-of-life (QoL) outcome measure for patients with dysosmia. The Parosmia Olfactory Dysfunction Outcomes Rating (DisODOR) is a valid and reliable instrument that can measure the functional impact and QoL impairment for dysosmia patients.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Shahad Al Thamin, Yuta Chiba, Keigo Yoshizaki, Tian Tian, LingLing Jia, Xin Wang, Kan Saito, Jiyao Li, Aya Yamada, Satoshi Fukumoto
Summary: Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are crucial for tooth development, with growth factors playing critical roles in cellular differentiation. TGF-beta 1 was found to induce AmeloD expression and ameloblast differentiation through ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 phosphorylation mechanisms. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of tooth development.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David T. Liu, Maha Sabha, Michael Damm, Carl Philpott, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Antje Haehner, Thomas Hummel
Summary: The study found that the presence of parosmia is associated with clinically relevant recovery in olfactory discrimination and identification function in patients with PIOD receiving olfactory training, with patients who have lower baseline olfactory function being more likely to show significant improvements.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chuhong Wang, James A. Covington
Summary: In this paper, we present the design and development of a simple vortex-based olfactory display that effectively provides controlled release of odours with minimum amount required. The display consists of a steel tube with 3D-printed apertures and solenoid valve operation. User testing revealed that the time to identify an odour was not strongly related to concentration, but the intensity of the odour was correlated. Despite the wide variance in human panel results, the working olfactory display can be applicable to various application scenarios.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah A. Gitomer, Kaitlyn Tholen, Kaci Pickett, Rakesh D. Mistry, Daniel M. Beswick, Jill L. Kaar, Brian W. Herrmann
Summary: This study aimed to explore olfactory changes in pediatric COVID-19. Through testing 205 outpatient patients, it was found that there was no significant difference in olfactory function between children with positive and negative COVID-19 tests. This suggests potential issues with current screening protocols for detecting pediatric COVID-19.
Article
Cell Biology
Rayzel C. Fernandes, John Toubia, Scott Townley, Adrienne R. Hanson, B. Kate Dredge, Katherine A. Pillman, Andrew G. Bert, Jean M. Winter, Richard Iggo, Rajdeep Das, Daisuke Obinata, Shahneen Sandhu, Gail P. Risbridger, Renea A. Taylor, Mitchell G. Lawrence, Lisa M. Butler, Amina Zoubeidi, Philip A. Gregory, Wayne D. Tilley, Theresa E. Hickey, Gregory J. Goodall, Luke A. Selth
Summary: miR-194 acts as a regulator of epithelial-neuroendocrine transdifferentiation in prostate cancer cells, with elevated expression in NEPC and the ability to directly target genes involved in neuroendocrine features. Inhibition of miR-194 can block transdifferentiation and inhibit the growth of NEPC cell lines and patient-derived organoids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariko Katoh-Kurasawa, Karin Hrovatin, Shigenori Hirose, Amanda Webb, Hsing- Ho, Blaz Zupan, Gad Shaulsky
Summary: The study on Dictyostelium reveals 1371 milestone genes whose expression changes sharply during morphogenesis, as well as 1099 genes as members of 21 regulons that remain coordinately regulated despite genetic, temporal, and developmental perturbations.
Article
Neurosciences
Eri Mori, Rumi Ueha, Kenji Kondo, Shotaro Funada, Hajime Shimmura, Kai Kanemoto, Hirotaka Tanaka, Hironobu Nishijima, Nobuyoshi Otori, Tatsuya Yamasoba, Hiromi Kojima
Summary: This study investigated the regeneration and degeneration of the olfactory mucosa (OM) after resection. Partial regeneration was observed within 1 month after resection, but subsequent degeneration occurred within 3 months. Surgeons should be cautious to avoid damaging the OM during surgery.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Allison D. Oliva, Rupali Gupta, Khalil Issa, Ralph Abi Hachem, David W. Jang, Sebastian A. Wellford, E. Ashley Moseman, Hiroaki Matsunami, Bradley J. Goldstein
Summary: This study identified inflammation-associated changes in the olfactory epithelium (OE) stem cells of presbyosmic patients, suggesting that these changes may contribute to olfactory loss by disrupting normal epithelial homeostasis. The findings suggest that OE stem cells could be a therapeutic target for restoring olfaction.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Daniel Kowatschew, Sigrun Korsching
Summary: The sense of smell relies on large gene families to detect and differentiate various odors. Four major olfactory receptor families have been discovered, with only three already present in lamprey, a jawless vertebrate. However, a fourth family was believed to have originated in jawed vertebrates. This study examined the complete vomeronasal receptor repertoire in three lamprey species and found evidence of v1r and v2r genes, indicating an early origin of the V2R family in the shared ancestor of jawed and jawless vertebrates. Despite the presence of v2r genes, lampreys have not yet acquired an olfactory function for this family, suggesting a disconnect between the evolutionary origin and functional onset of the V2R family as olfactory receptors.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yazan Eliyan, Kristen E. Wroblewski, Martha K. McClintock, Jayant M. Pinto
Summary: Neuroanatomic connections between the olfactory and limbic systems may explain the association between olfactory dysfunction and depression. Longitudinal data from older US adults show that impaired odor identification predicts the subsequent development of depression, suggesting the importance of screening for depression in seniors with chemosensory impairment.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Jake J. Lee, Ashna Mahadev, Dorina Kallogjeri, Andrew M. Peterson, Shruti Gupta, Amish M. Khan, Pawina Jiramongkolchai, John S. Schneider, Jay F. Piccirillo
Summary: In this study, a concise and visually appealing patient-reported outcome measure (ODOR) for olfactory dysfunction (OD) was developed and validated. The ODOR is a 28-item instrument with high internal consistency and reliability, and it has face validity, content validity, concurrent validity, and divergent validity. It can be used to measure the quality of life (QOL) associated with OD and its response to treatment, which is particularly important in the context of COVID-19.
JAMA OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Cedric R. Uytingco, Corey L. Williams, Chao Xie, Dana T. Shively, Warren W. Green, Kirill Ukhanov, Lian Zhang, Darryl Y. Nishimura, Val C. Sheffield, Jeffrey R. Martens
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naazneen Khan, Stuart K. Kim, Pascal Gagneux, Laura L. Dugan, Ajit Varki
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Timothy S. McClintock, Qiang Wang, Tomoko Sengoku, William B. Titlow, Patrick Breheny
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Naazneen Khan, Marc de Manuel, Stephane Peyregne, Raymond Do, Kay Prufer, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Nissi Varki, Pascal Gagneux, Ajit Varki
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Timothy S. McClintock, Naazneen Khan, Yelena Alimova, Madeline Aulisio, Dong Y. Han, Patrick Breheny
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Chao Xie, Jeffrey R. Martens
Summary: Olfactory dysfunction is a common disorder with various causes, including ciliopathies. Although there is currently no specific treatment for olfactory dysfunction caused by ciliopathies, targeted gene replacement shows promise as a potential therapeutic option. Further research is needed to develop alternative therapeutic targets for broader curative measures in ciliopathies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Xie, Julien C. Habif, Cedric R. Uytingco, Kirill Ukhanov, Lian Zhang, Carlos de Celis, Val C. Sheffield, Jeffrey R. Martens
Summary: Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a hereditary genetic disorder that leads to various clinical manifestations, including olfactory dysfunction. A study using a mouse model found that the olfactory system of Bbs1(M390R/M390R) mice was significantly affected, but their odor discrimination acuity was still well maintained. Adenoviral expression of Bbs1 in olfactory sensory neurons can restore olfactory system function.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chao Xie, Julien C. Habif, Kirill Ukhanov, Cedric R. Uytingco, Lian Zhang, Robert J. Campbell, Jeffrey R. Martens
Summary: Ciliopathies are a class of genetic diseases that cause dysfunction in cilia in multiple organ systems, including the olfactory system. This study investigates the mechanism behind the reduction of olfactory cilia in ciliopathy Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) and finds that phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) and F-actin play important roles in cilia shortening. The researchers successfully restored cilia length and rescued odor detection and perception in BBS using a gene therapeutic approach. These findings provide valuable insights for the treatment of ciliopathies.
Article
Developmental Biology
Julien C. Habif, Chao Xie, Carlos de Celis, Kirill Ukhanov, Warren W. Green, Jordan C. Moretta, Lian Zhang, Robert J. Campbell, Jeffrey R. Martens
Summary: Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) mature by developing glomeruli with multiple cilia, and a GTPase called ARL13B plays a crucial role in this maturation process. Loss of ARL13B in immature OSNs causes dysregulation of cellular homeostasis and delays the timing of maturation. Additionally, ARL13B is essential for the proper structure and innervation of glomeruli, contributing to odor detection and perception.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Charles D. Derby, Timothy S. McClintock, John Caprio
Summary: This article aims to provide a perspective on understanding the nature of responses to chemical mixtures, focusing on olfaction and the first level of neural processing. Researchers often identify mixture interactions, which are responses to mixtures not accurately predicted from the responses to individual components. The critical aspect is how to predict responses to mixtures and thus identify mixture interactions, including beyond sensory neurons to behavior and psychophysics.
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
Saurabh Srivastava, Andrea Verhagen, Brian Wasik, Hai Yu, Aniruddha Sasmal, Barbara Bensing, Naazneen Khan, Zahra Khedri, Sandra Diaz, Paul Sullam, Nissi Varki, Xi Chen, Colin Parrish, Ajit Varki
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)