Article
Clinical Neurology
Pedro Coelho, Joao Madureira, Ana Franco, Ana Rita Peralta, Carla Bentes, Alexandre Rainha Campos, Jasper Anink, Eleonora Aronica, Rafael Roque, Jose Pimentel
Summary: This study provides evidence for an increased burden of cerebral small vessel disease in neuropathological samples of patients with chronic epilepsy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Bijia Wang, Xuegang Li, Haoyi Li, Li Xiao, Zhenhua Zhou, Kangning Chen, Li Gui, Xianhua Hou, Rong Fan, Kang Chen, Wenjing Wu, Haitao Li, Xiaofei Hu
Summary: CSVD and MS are two diseases associated with small vessel lesions, with clinical difficulties in differentiation. Failure to correctly identify and diagnose these diseases can affect patients' long-term functional activity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federico Paolini Paoletti, Simone Simoni, Lucilla Parnetti, Lorenzo Gaetani
Summary: Small vessel disease in the brain refers to structural and functional changes affecting small arteries and micro vessels, which may play a significant role in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. The exact contribution of small vessel disease to clinical manifestations and treatment response is not yet clear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yvette Zarb, Sucheta Sridhar, Sina Nassiri, Sebastian Guido Utz, Johanna Schaffenrath, Upasana Maheshwari, Elisabeth J. Rushing, K. Peter R. Nilsson, Mauro Delorenzi, Marco Colonna, Melanie Greter, Annika Keller
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of microglia in vascular calcification within the neurovascular unit, with a specific activation phenotype termed calcification-associated microglia. Pharmacological ablation of microglia exacerbates vessel calcification, while microglia rely on functional TREM2 to control vascular calcification. These findings suggest a beneficial function of microglial activity in pathological vascular calcification and highlight a previously unrecognized role of microglia in halting the expansion of vascular calcification.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yu Tian, Yuesong Pan, Hongyi Yan, Xia Meng, XingQuan Zhao, Liping Liu, Yongjun Wang, Yilong Wang
Summary: This study investigated the association between different statuses of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and infarction number with recurrence after acute minor stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA). The results showed that patients with coexistent CSVD and multiple acute infarctions (MAIs) had a significantly higher risk of recurrent stroke within 1 year. These findings are important for predicting the risk of recurrence in patients.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jing-Yi Liu, Yi-Cheng Zhu, Li-Xin Zhou, Yan-Ping Wei, Chen-Hui Mao, Li-Ying Cui, Bin Peng, Ming Yao
Summary: HTRA1-related autosomal dominant cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) presents as a mild phenotype of CARASIL, with a higher proportion of vascular risk factors, later onset age, and slower clinical progression. The trend of regional concentration of mutation sites may be related to the concentration of key sites responsible for the pathogenesis of HTRA1-related autosomal dominant CSVD.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maarten H. T. Zwartbol, Anja G. van der Kolk, Hugo J. Kuijf, Theo D. Witkamp, Rashid Ghaznawi, Jeroen Hendrikse, Mirjam Geerlings
Summary: Using 7 T vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging, we found that patients with a higher ICAS burden were more likely to have features of CSVD, although no evidence of their co-location was observed. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine the relationship between ICAS and the development of CSVD.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Weilun Fu, Long Yan, Zhikai Hou, Ying Yu, Weiyi Zhang, RongRong Cui, Feng Gao, Dapeng Mo, Xin Lou, Zhongrong Miao, Ning Ma
Summary: This study investigated the association between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) after intracranial stenting. The results showed that patients with CSVD had a higher risk of ISR, especially those with deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMHs).
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ruth Geraldes, Maciej Jurynczyk, Giordani Rodrigues dos Passos, Alexander Pichler, Karen Chung, Marloes Hagens, Serena Ruggieri, Cristina Auger, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Christian Enzinger, Declan Chard, Frederik Barkhof, Claudio Gasperini, Alex Rovira, Gabriele DeLuca, Jacqueline Palace
Summary: The study found that peripheral pons lesion location is more common in MS cases, while it is almost non-existent in non-MS cases with VRF. The presence of peripheral pons lesions can effectively discriminate between MS and VRF-SVD.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexander Yuk Lun Lau, Bonaventure Yiu Ming Ip, Ho Ko, Bonnie Yin Ka Lam, Lin Shi, Karen Ka Yan Ma, Lisa Wing Chi Au, Yannie Oi Yan Soo, Thomas Wai Hong Leung, Adrian Wong, Vincent Chung Tong Mok
Summary: The age-related sporadic cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has become increasingly prominent due to the aging population. The advancement in brain magnetic resonance imaging has enhanced researchers' understanding of CSVD. This review provides an update on the pathophysiology, risk factors, biomarkers, and clinical manifestations of sporadic CSVD.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Shuling Wan, Chaitu Dandu, Guangyu Han, Yibing Guo, Yuchuan Ding, Haiqing Song, Ran Meng
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a group of pathological processes affecting small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and small veins of the brain. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of CSVD. MRI is the main diagnostic method for CSVD.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Susanne J. van Veluw, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Julie A. Schneider
Summary: Sporadic cerebral small vessel disease is a major cause of cognitive impairment and dementia in aging brains, characterized by brain small vessel abnormalities and frequently coexisting with Alzheimer disease changes. Ex vivo MRI is a powerful tool to bridge the gap in understanding the underlying neuropathology of MRI-detectable SVD abnormalities.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lina Zheng, Xinyi Leng, Ximing Nie, Hongyi Yan, Xuan Tian, Yuesong Pan, Zhonghua Yang, Miao Wen, Yuehua Pu, Weibin Gu, Zhongrong Miao, Thomas W. Leung, Liping Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the burden of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and outcomes after endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The results showed that a moderate-to-severe CSVD burden was not associated with functional dependence or death at 90 days, but was associated with a higher risk of early neurological deterioration.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Haotian Xin, Hongwei Wen, Mengmeng Feng, Yian Gao, Chaofan Sui, Nan Zhang, Changhu Liang, Lingfei Guo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate alterations in functional brain networks in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and assess the relationship between functional impairment and topological network changes. The results showed that patients with CSVD and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) exhibited disrupted balance between local specialization and global integration in the functional connectivity networks, as well as altered nodal betweenness centrality in certain brain regions. These findings contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CSVD.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Huayu Zhang, Amy Ferguson, Grant Robertson, Muchen Jiang, Teng Zhang, Cathie Sudlow, Keith Smith, Kristiina Rannikmae, Honghan Wu
Summary: Different algorithms for prioritizing disease-associated genes were benchmarked for application in cerebral small vessel disease, with random walk with restart on the heterogeneous network (RWRH) showing the best performance. Although RWRH had bias caused by degree centrality, it had overall better performance for cSVD. Current pure network-based gene prioritization algorithms may not discover novel disease-associated genes not linked to known ones.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Dessa Sadovnick, Irene M. Yee, Maria Criscuoli, Gabriele C. DeLuca
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of temporal increase of female to male sex ratio on the familial risk for individuals with multiple sclerosis. Genetic sharing and environmental factors were found to both play important roles in determining familial risk. An increase in MS risk due to environmental factors was observed over time, particularly for sisters/brothers of female probands.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Pisa, Jonathan Pansieri, Sydney Yee, Jennifer Ruiz, Isabel M. Leite, Jacqueline Palace, Giancarlo Comi, Margaret M. Esiri, Letizia Leocani, Gabriele C. DeLuca
Summary: The anterior optic pathway is often affected in CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases, with optic neuritis as a common symptom. However, optic nerve involvement can also be subclinical. This study investigates the pathological basis of these findings and shows that chronic inflammation leads to neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard L. Yates, Jonathan Pansieri, Qizhu Li, Jack S. Bell, Sydney A. Yee, Jacqueline Palace, Margaret M. Esiri, Gabriele C. DeLuca
Summary: The study found that the HLA-DRB1*15 genotype is associated with the relationship between cortical inflammation and neuronal density in multiple sclerosis, suggesting a potential modulation effect of HLA-DRB1*15 on these factors.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Gina Hadley, Jiali Zhang, Eva Harris-Skillman, Zoi Alexopoulou, Gabriele C. DeLuca, Sarah T. Pendlebury
Summary: Based on a systematic review of the literature, we determined the relative contributions of different neuropathologies to the excess risk of cognitive decline in diabetes mellitus (DM). The findings showed no association between DM and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related neuropathology, but an association with increased large and small vessel disease. Additional studies are needed to further evaluate the relative contributions of different neuropathologies to the excess risk of DM.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Winston M. Zhu, Ain Neuhaus, Daniel J. Beard, Brad A. Sutherland, Gabriele C. DeLuca
Summary: To meet the metabolic demands of the brain, mechanisms have evolved to couple neuronal activity to vasodilation, increasing cerebral blood flow. The release of vasoactive molecules by neurons and astrocytes plays a key role in signaling pathways that induce vasodilation. Understanding neurovascular coupling is especially important in Alzheimer's disease, where disrupted cerebral blood flow regulation is a prominent feature.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Pisa, Jennifer A. Ruiz, Gabriele C. DeLuca, Marta de Andres Crespo, Heather M. DelMastro, Kayla M. Olson, Elizabeth W. Triche, Albert C. Lo
Summary: Dysfunction in upper limb function is common in persons with multiple sclerosis, even in those with mild disability. Box and Block Test (BBT), finger-nose test (FNT), and Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT) have been identified as the most accurate measures to detect upper limb dysfunction.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Max Kaufmann, Anna-Lena Schaupp, Rosa Sun, Fabian Coscia, Calliope A. Dendrou, Adrian Cortes, Gurman Kaur, Hayley G. Evans, Annelie Mollbrink, Jose Fernandez Navarro, Jana K. Sonner, Christina Mayer, Gabriele C. DeLuca, Joakim Lundeberg, Paul M. Matthews, Kathrine E. Attfield, Manuel A. Friese, Matthias Mann, Lars Fugger
Summary: This study identified multicellular mechanisms of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis and traced their origin in relation to spatially distributed stages of neurodegeneration by using spatial transcriptomics and proteomics. Defunct trophic and anti-inflammatory intercellular communications were discovered within areas of early neuronal decline in MS patients. Proteins associated with neuronal damage in patient samples showed mechanistic concordance with in vivo knockdown and central nervous system (CNS) disease models. This study provides a new framework for drug development strategies and uncovers new therapeutic opportunities to slow disease.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ruth Dobson, Matthew Craner, Ed Ed Waddingham, Aleisha Miller, Jayant Pindoria, Ana Cavey, Camilla Blain, Gabriele De Luca, Nikos Evangelou, Helen Ford, Paul Gallagher, Katila George, Ruth Geraldes Ramos Dias, Paula Harman, Jeremy Hobart, Tanya King, Ruth Linighan, Niall MacDougall, Monica Marta, Stephanie Mitchell, Richard Nicholas, David Rog, Antonio Scalfari, Neil Scolding, Stewart Webb, Sarah White, Judith Wilton, Carolyn Young, Paul Matthews
Summary: This study analyzed the risk of adverse events in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) through an observational study. It found that certain DMTs had a higher incidence of adverse events. This highlights the potential of routinely collected healthcare data to evaluate the safety of DMTs in real-world clinical practice.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Monica Santos, Ruth Geraldes, Jacqueline Palace
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Elizabeth T. Thomas, Sarah T. Thomas, Rafael Perera, Peter J. Gill, Susan Moloney, Carl Heneghan
Summary: This study aims to assess the quality of paediatric guidelines for the diagnosis of three common conditions in primary care: fever, gastroenteritis, and constipation. The overall quality of the included guidelines was moderate, with constipation guidelines rated the highest and fever guidelines rated the lowest. Major weaknesses included lack of consideration of guideline applicability, lack of involvement of parent representatives, and inadequate declaration or addressing of competing interests.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yan Wu, Ruth Geraldes, Maciej Jurynczyk, Jacqueline Palace
Summary: Most patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) test positive for Aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG). Those who are negative, known as double-negative (DN) NMOSD, can be challenging to diagnose and treat. DN NMOSD is not a single disease but rather a syndrome with a range of manifestations, sometimes resembling AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD or other conditions like multiple sclerosis. The underlying disease mechanisms are likely heterogeneous.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
David Berhanu, Miguel Leal Rato, Silvia Messina, Maria Isabel Leite, Ruth Geraldes, Jacqueline Palace
Summary: This study found that smoking affects the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders with aquaporin-4 positive antibody (NMOSD-AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). In addition, MRI lesion resolution is correlated with clinical recovery.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
David Berhanu, Miguel Leal Rato, Ana Isabel Canhoto, Joao Vieira da Cunha, Ruth Geraldes
Summary: People with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) commonly search for information online about their disease, especially younger patients, those with shorter disease duration, primary progressive MS, and during periods of disease worsening. However, there are concerns about the quality of the information found and only a minority of pwMS discuss the information with their physicians.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Elizabeth T. Thomas, Sarah T. Thomas, Rafael Perera, Peter J. Gill, Susan Moloney, Carl J. Heneghan
Summary: This study evaluates the quality of guidelines for diagnosing childhood asthma in primary care. Results show that the quality of the guidelines is variable and there is a lack of high-quality evidence supporting diagnostic recommendations. Guidelines generally recommend spirometry and reversibility testing, but there are disagreements in specific thresholds for diagnosis. Poor adherence to guidelines and variation in testing may be a result of the variable quality of guidelines and lack of evidence.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ruta Buivydaite, Apostolos Tsiachristas, Steve Thomas, Hannah Farncombe, Rafael Perera-Salazar, Ray Fitzpatrick, Charles Vincent
Summary: This paper describes a proposed program of evaluation to examine the impact of the Family Solutions Plus (FSP) approach in child safeguarding services implemented by Oxfordshire County Council (OCC). The evaluation will focus on the support provided to the whole family and aims to reduce the need for foster care. A mixed methods approach, including quantitative analysis of routine data and qualitative interviews with children, families, and staff, will be used to assess the impact of FSP on various aspects including time spent in services, outcomes for children, and long-term effects. The results will be disseminated to a wide audience through various channels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTEGRATED CARE
(2022)