Preventing and Treating Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity: New Insights

Anthracyclines are the cornerstone of many chemotherapy regimens for a variety of cancers. Unfortunately, their use is limited by a cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Despite more than five decades of research, the biological mechanisms underlying anthracycline cardiotoxicity are not completely understood. In this review, we discuss the incidence, risk factors, types, and pathophysiology of anthracycline cardiotoxicity, as well as methods to prevent and treat this condition. We also summarize and discuss advances made in the last decade in the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathology.

Automated summary

Anthracyclines are essential in many cancer chemotherapy regimens, but their use is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Despite over fifty years of research, the biological mechanisms underlying anthracycline cardiotoxicity remain incompletely understood. This review discusses the incidence, risk factors, types, and pathophysiology of anthracycline cardiotoxicity, along with methods for prevention and treatment, as well as recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved.