4.7 Review

Emerging hyperthermia applications for pediatric oncology

Journal

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
Volume 163, Issue -, Pages 157-167

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.016

Keywords

Ablative hyperthermia; Mild hyperthermia; Thermal ablation; Drug delivery; Pediatric oncology; Immunotherapy; Adjuvant therapy; MR-HIFU; MRgHIFU; Therapeutic ultrasound; RFA; Microwave ablation

Funding

  1. Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation at Children'sNational Hospital
  2. Tucker Foundation

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Local application of hyperthermia has a myriad of effects on the tumor microenvironment as well as the host's immune system. Ablative hyperthermia (typically > 55 degrees C) has been used both as monotherapy and adjuvant therapy, while mild hyperthermia treatment (39-45 degrees C) demonstrated efficacy as an adjuvant therapy through enhancement of both chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Clinical integration of hyperthermia has especially great potential in pediatric oncology, where current chemotherapy regimens have reached maximum tolerability and the young age of patients implies significant risks of late effects related to therapy. Furthermore, activation of both local and systemic immune response by hyperthermia suggests that hyperthermia treatments could be used to enhance the anticancer effects of immunotherapy. This review summarizes the state of current applications of hyperthermia in pediatric oncology and discusses the use of hyperthermia in the context of other available treatments and promising pre-clinical research. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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