Review
Oncology
Wai Tong Ng, James C. H. Chow, Jonathan J. Beitler, June Corry, William Mendenhall, Anne W. M. Lee, K. Thomas Robbins, Sandra Nuyts, Nabil F. Saba, Robert Smee, William A. Stokes, Primoz Strojan, Alfio Ferlito
Summary: This article discusses the considerations, practical pearls, and recent advances in radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), emphasizing the importance of optimal radiotherapy planning and precise beam delivery for treatment efficacy.
Article
Oncology
Luise A. Kuenzel, Marcel Nachbar, Markus Hagmueller, Cihan Gani, Simon Boeke, Daniel Zips, Daniela Thorwarth
Summary: The study implemented an autonomous un-supervised treatment planning approach using deep learning and logical volume operators, successfully applied to a prostate cancer patient. The automatically generated plan met most dosimetric criteria and performed well during online adaptation.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Brototo Deb, Prasanth Ganesan, Ruibin Feng, Sanjiv M. Narayan
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of heart failure and stroke, and early maintenance of sinus rhythm has been shown to reduce major cardiovascular endpoints, yet is difficult to achieve. Improving therapy outcomes may require a multifaceted approach that personalizes therapy based on mechanisms measured in individuals across biological scales.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Jionghui Gu, Tian'an Jiang
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Radiomics plays a crucial role in breast cancer management, providing accurate diagnosis, risk assessment, and assisting in predicting treatment response.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
David Bernard, Emmanuel Doumard, Isabelle Ader, Philippe Kemoun, Jean-Christophe Pages, Anne Galinier, Sylvain Cussat-Blanc, Felix Furger, Luigi Ferrucci, Julien Aligon, Cyrille Delpierre, Luc Penicaud, Paul Monsarrat, Louis Casteilla
Summary: Achieving personalized healthy aging requires accurate monitoring of physiological changes and identification of subclinical markers. Machine learning and statistical methods have limitations in capturing the complexity of inter-parameter interactions. In this study, an explainable machine learning framework using XGBoost algorithm was created to determine a personalized physiological age (PPA). PPA predicted chronic diseases and mortality independently of chronological age. SHAP analysis revealed the relative importance of variables in PPA estimation, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) displaying a major weight. Clustering of explanations showed different aging trajectories for specific clinical follow-up. These findings demonstrate the robustness and applicability of PPA as an explainable machine learning-based metric for personalized health monitoring.
Article
Oncology
Yin Gao, Chenyang Shen, Xun Jia, Yang Kyun Park
Summary: This study describes the clinical implementation and evaluation of a virtual treatment planner (VTP) based on an artificial intelligence robot. Using deep reinforcement learning and human knowledge guidance, the VTP can autonomously adjust relevant parameters in treatment plan optimization to generate high-quality plans for prostate cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy. The evaluation results showed that the performance of the VTP is comparable to human-generated plans.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Julien Guiot, Akshayaa Vaidyanathan, Louis Deprez, Fadila Zerka, Denis Danthine, Anne-Noelle Frix, Philippe Lambin, Fabio Bottari, Nathan Tsoutzidis, Benjamin Miraglio, Sean Walsh, Wim Vos, Roland Hustinx, Marta Ferreira, Pierre Lovinfosse, Ralph T. H. Leijenaar
Summary: Radiomics is a method for quantitatively analyzing medical images to create diagnostic, prognostic, and/or predictive models. It utilizes sophisticated image analysis tools and statistical methods to extract hidden information in medical images, but caution is needed to avoid overenthusiastic claims and scientific pollution.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Abdurrahman Coskun, Giuseppe Lippi
Summary: Interpretation of laboratory data requires reliable reference data. Traditional laboratory medicine using population data as reference for individuals can be problematic. Personalized laboratory medicine uses data from individuals' repeated samples to generate personalized reference data sets, facilitating more accurate diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment for each individual. It also includes information about individuals' biological characteristics, health behavior, and statistical algorithms.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alfredo Cesario, Marika D'Oria, Francesco Bove, Giuseppe Privitera, Ivo Boskoski, Daniela Pedicino, Luca Boldrini, Carmen Erra, Claudia Loreti, Giovanna Liuzzo, Filippo Crea, Alessandro Armuzzi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Paolo Calabresi, Luca Padua, Guido Costamagna, Massimo Antonelli, Vincenzo Valentini, Charles Auffray, Giovanni Scambia
Summary: Personalized Medicine challenges the traditional top-down approach by considering genetic, genomic, and lifestyle factors in understanding complex diseases. Clinical phenotyping can be difficult when different pathophysiological mechanisms produce the same manifestation, and the potential of Systems Medicine using Artificial Intelligence tools is highlighted for personalized clinical phenotyping.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Nalee Kim, Jaehee Chun, Jee Suk Chang, Chang Geol Lee, Ki Chang Keum, Jin Sung Kim
Summary: This study compared different methods for segmenting organs-at-risk in head and neck cancer patients, showing that deep learning-based segmentation was more effective for optimization, with continual training further improving performance.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia De Riso, Sergio Cocozza
Summary: Epigenetics studies reversible, heritable changes in gene function that are not due to modifications of the genomic sequence, capturing the unique regulatory landscape and exposure to environmental stimuli. Machine Learning is emerging as a powerful tool in deciphering epigenomic data for personalized medicine.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hana Baroudi, Kristy K. Brock, Wenhua Cao, Xinru Chen, Caroline Chung, Laurence E. Court, Mohammad D. El Basha, Maguy Farhat, Skylar Gay, Mary P. Gronberg, Aashish Chandra Gupta, Soleil Hernandez, Kai Huang, David A. Jaffray, Rebecca Lim, Barbara Marquez, Kelly Nealon, Tucker J. Netherton, Callistus M. Nguyen, Brandon Reber, Dong Joo Rhee, Ramon M. Salazar, Mihir D. Shanker, Carlos Sjogreen, McKell Woodland, Jinzhong Yang, Cenji Yu, Yao Zhao
Summary: This paper discusses various aspects of assessing the clinical acceptability of AI-based tools for contouring and treatment planning in radiotherapy, and explores how to establish a standard for defining the clinical acceptability of new autocontouring and planning tools.
Review
Oncology
Cuihua Li, Hongyan Liu, Peilin Li, Jia He, Xiufang Tian, Wei Gao
Summary: Artificial intelligence is playing a significant role in radiation oncology, particularly in radiotherapy physics where it has enhanced automation of treatment plan design and quality control, facilitating precision personalized treatment.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Majdi Alnowami, Fouad Abolaban, Hussam Hijazi, Andrew Nisbet
Summary: This study explores the use of artificial intelligence in adaptive radiation therapy treatment planning by predicting the tumor volume reduction rate. The results show that age, dose per fraction, and weight are the best predictors for tumor volume reduction rate.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Angela Q. Maldonado, Patricia West-Thielke, Kayla Joyal, Christin Rogers
Summary: Personalized medicine has been a mainstay in transplant pharmacotherapy, with recent advances in pharmacogenomics, noninvasive biomarkers, and AI technologies offering the promise of transforming treatment individualization and allograft monitoring. These advancements can minimize toxicity, maximize therapeutic dosing, and provide clinicians with useful molecular data to help individualize immunosuppression and rejection treatment, ultimately leading to a more tailored approach to immunosuppressive therapy for solid organ transplant recipients.
Article
Oncology
Katherine Meng, Jeremy Tey, Francis Cho Hao Ho, Hira Asim, Timothy Cheo
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chia Ching Lee, Jeremy Chee Seong Tey, Timothy Cheo, Chau Hung Lee, Alvin Wong, Naresh Kumar, Balamurugan Vellayappan
Article
Oncology
Jeremy Tey, Shaun Ho, Bok Ai Choo, Francis Ho, Swee Peng Yap, Jeffrey K. L. Tuan, Cheng Nang Leong, Timothy Cheo, Kiattisa Sommat, Michael L. C. Wang
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Soehartati A. Gondhowiardjo, Handoko, Ivan Tham, Angela Giselvania, Ramesh S. Bilimagga, Steven Octavianus, Masahiro Hiraoka, Vito Filbert Jayalie, Tomoaki Tamaki, Miriam Calaguas, Takashi Nakano
Summary: The delivery of high-quality cancer treatment in Asia, especially in terms of radiation therapy, faces challenges such as shortage of treatment centres and outdated technology. The Federation of Asian Organizations for Radiation Oncology (FARO) was established to address these issues through regional collaboration, aiming to improve treatment quality collectively. This organization has already achieved some early successes in fact-finding and educational activities, and looks towards future possibilities for strategic proposals that could benefit the radiation therapy community and patients in Asia.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chia Ching Lee, Jeremy Tey, Timothy Cheo, Chau Hung Lee, Alvin Wong, Naresh Kumar, Balamurugan Vellayappan
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the outcomes and predictors of conventionally-fractionated external beam radiation therapy (cEBRT) for prostate cancer spinal metastases (PCSM). The results showed that cEBRT effectively palliates spinal metastases pain and that ECOG performance status and disease type are significant predictors of overall survival.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Lawrence Han Hwee Quek, Ming Yann Lim, Timothy Cheo, Hui Lin Teo, Uei Pua
Summary: In the multidisciplinary setting involving the treatment of complex recurrent head and neck cancer, percutaneous management is now a viable and effective option, providing palliative symptomatic treatment for patients who have exhausted all treatment options. This approach helps bridge the gap between major surgery, re-irradiation toxicity, and systemic chemotherapy side effects, offering a more personalized and minimally invasive treatment option.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yee Sian Tiong, Edwin Yuen Hao Tong, Chia Ching Lee, Rajeev Parameswaran, Timothy Cheo, Wei Li Cindy Ho, Samantha Peiling Yang
Summary: Childhood radiation exposure is a known risk factor for thyroid malignancy and dysfunction. Regular screening for thyroid nodules should be performed at least annually. Ultrasound for thyroid nodule(s) and malignancy screening at 5 years post-radiation therapy is advisable if resources permit.
ANNALS ACADEMY OF MEDICINE SINGAPORE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Teng Hwee Tan, Huili Zheng, Timothy Cheo, Jeremy Tey, Yu Yang Soon
Summary: The study revealed a significantly increased risk of stroke in survivors of NPC, especially in stage 1 disease, compared to the general population; however, the risk of death within 30 days of stroke was not significantly higher for NPC survivors.
Review
Oncology
Chia Ching Lee, Yu Yang Soon, Timothy Cheo, Balamurugan Vellayappan, Jeremy Tey
Summary: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of SBRT and cEBRT in patients with previously unirradiated painful BM. The meta-analysis showed that SBRT significantly improved pain response and reduced local progression compared to cEBRT, but there were no differences in other outcomes.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Desiree Chen, Shao Bin Cai, Yu Yang Soon, Timothy Cheo, Balamurugan Vellayappan, Chek Wee Tan, Francis Ho
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous studies comparing IMRT and VMAT techniques, and found that dual-arc VMAT plans had better outcomes in terms of target volume coverage, organ-at-risk doses, monitor units, and treatment delivery times compared to IMRT plans. The choice of treatment planning system may also influence dosimetric outcomes.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND RADIATION SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
T. H. Tan
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Teng Hwee Tan, Yu Yang Soon, Timothy Cheo, Lea Choung Wong, Yiat Horng Leong, Jeremy C. S. Tey, Francis Ho
JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jeremy Tey, Yu Yang Soon, Timothy Cheo, Kiat Huat Ooi, Francis Ho, Balamurugan Vellayappan, David Chia, Bee Choo Tai
