Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Cheng Liang, Kai-Pi Cheng, Hsin-Yu Kuo, Chung-Teng Wang, Hsuan-Wen Chou, Kuan-Lin Huang, Hung-Tsung Wu, Horng-Yih Ou
Summary: This study used a mouse model of obese sarcopenia to investigate the factors contributing to its development. The researchers found that a high-fat diet led to decreased motor functions and muscle mass ratios. Additionally, they discovered that the expression of calsarcin-2 was significantly increased in the skeletal muscle of these mice. Further experiments revealed that calsarcin-2 facilitated myoblast differentiation and its serum concentration was negatively related to skeletal muscle mass index.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lisa Dowling, Ankita Duseja, Tatiane Vilaca, Jennifer S. Walsh, Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the differential expression of miRNAs in people with obesity and sarcopenia, and identified common changes in miRNAs between these conditions. The commonly changed miRNAs were involved in protein homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, determination of muscle fibre type, insulin resistance, and adipogenesis. Further research is needed to confirm whether these miRNAs are differentially expressed in older adults with sarcopenic obesity.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Francesca Salamanna, Deyanira Contartese, Alberto Ruffilli, Francesca Barile, Daniele Bellavia, Laura Marchese, Marco Manzetti, Giovanni Viroli, Cesare Faldini, Gianluca Giavaresi
Summary: Osteosarcopenia, the combination of osteoporosis/osteopenia and sarcopenia, is a common condition among older adults. This study conducted a systematic review to explore the potential clinical utility of circulating microRNAs (miRs) shared between osteoporosis/osteopenia and sarcopenia. A total of 69 miRs were identified for osteoporosis and 14 for sarcopenia, with only nine miRs showing dysregulation in both conditions.
Article
Cell Biology
Pengcheng Lyu, Honglin Jiang
Summary: This study aimed to identify novel mechanisms that mediate myoblast differentiation. Transcriptome analysis and functional enrichment analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with various biological processes and cellular components in myoblast differentiation. Western blot analysis confirmed the upregulation of autophagy during myoblast differentiation, and blocking autophagic flux inhibited the expression of skeletal-muscle-specific genes and myotube formation.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Carlos Campero-Basaldua, Jessica Herrera-Gamboa, Judith Bernal-Ramirez, Silvia Lopez-Moran, Luis-Alberto Luevano-Martinez, Hugo Alves-Figueiredo, Guillermo Guerrero, Gerardo Garcia-Rivas, Victor Trevino
Summary: The H9c2 myoblast cell line is widely used as an in vitro model for skeletal and cardiac muscle. This study investigated the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on H9c2 cells and found significant changes in gene expression and physiological functions related to calcium handling and bioenergetics. Interestingly, the majority of gene expression changes were due to culture conditions rather than RA stimulation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ruo-nan Zhang, Xin Bao, Yun Liu, Yan Wang, Xing-Yuan Li, Ge Tan, Magdaleena Naemi Mbadhi, Wei Xu, Qian Yang, Lu-yuan Yao, Long Chen, Xiao-ying Zhao, Chang-qing Hu, Jing-xuan Zhang, Hong-tao Zheng, Yan Wu, Shan Li, Shao-juan Chen, Shi-you Chen, Jing Lv, Liu-liu Shi, Jun-ming Tang
Summary: This study investigated the role of L-periaxin and Ezrin in muscle atrophy. The results showed that overexpression of Ezrin promoted the differentiation and fusion of muscle cells, reducing muscle atrophy. On the other hand, overexpression of L-periaxin decreased the length and size of muscle fibers. Additionally, the activated PKA-NFAT-MEF2C signaling pathway was found to be involved in this process. These findings are significant for the treatment of muscle atrophy induced by nerve injury.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tania L. Jones, Mohammed S. Esa, K. H. Christien Li, S. R. Gokul Krishnan, George M. Elgallab, Mark S. Pearce, David A. Young, Fraser N. Birrell
Summary: Circulating microRNAs may be associated with age-related fracture/osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and sarcopenia, with some microRNAs potentially sharing activity between osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Results from studies were inconsistent, with evidence supporting some microRNAs having dysregulation in these diseases.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Qi Zheng, Rong-cui Hu, Cui-yun Zhu, Jing Jing, Meng-yu Lou, Si-huan Zhang, Shuang Li, Hong-guo Cao, Xiao-rong Zhang, Ying-hui Ling
Summary: This study characterized the changes in proteomic and transcriptomic expression profiles during the transition from skeletal muscle satellite cells (SSCs) to myotube formation. Potential molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in this transition were identified, and the roles of specific proteins such as SLMAP, STOM, SVIL, AQP1, and SERPINE1 were highlighted. These findings enhance our understanding of myotube formation during early development and repair.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yun-Cheng Hsieh, Sae Kyung Joo, Bo Kyung Koo, Han-Chieh Lin, Dong Hyeon Lee, Mee Soo Chang, Jeong Hwan Park, Young Ho So, Won Kim, ITEN
Summary: This study found that severe myosteatosis is significantly associated with early NASH and fibrosis progression in early stage NAFLD.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mitsutoshi Kurosaka, Yuji Ogura, Shuichi Sato, Kazuhisa Kohda, Toshiya Funabashi
Summary: IL-4 can increase STAT6 phosphorylation, but it decreased during myotube formation in culture. STAT6 overexpression decreased differentiation, while knockdown increased it. STAT6 knockout mice showed better muscle regeneration after injury, suggesting STAT6 inhibitory action in myogenesis is not mediated by IL-4.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tao Huang, Chaoran Liu, Can Cui, Ning Zhang, Wing Hoi Cheung, Ronald Man Yeung Wong
Summary: This paper presents a systematic review of studies investigating the effects of fatty acid supplementation in potentially preventing and treating sarcopenia. It concludes that fatty acids have proven their value in improving sarcopenia in pre-clinical experiments, but current clinical studies show controversial results. Further research is needed to study the mechanisms and assess the effectiveness of using fatty acids in humans.
Review
Physiology
Manoel L. Costa, Arnon D. Jurberg, Claudia Mermelstein
Summary: The study of skeletal muscle fiber development has been ongoing for 70 years, with the use of various animal models such as rats, mice, fruit flies, chickens, and quails. The chick primary muscle culture model provides a robust and advantageous approach to studying skeletal myogenesis, allowing for detailed analysis of myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and formation of multinucleated myotubes. This model demonstrates high levels of differentiation independent of serum withdrawal, and is expected to foster new studies on muscle proliferation and differentiation in conditions more similar to in vivo situations than muscle cell lines.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Duygu Ege, Qaisar Nawaz, Ana M. Beltran, Aldo R. Boccaccini
Summary: Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) with high surface area and ordered mesoporous structure have great potential for both hard and soft tissue engineering applications. Boron-doped MBG nanoparticles were synthesized using a sol-gel approach for muscle regeneration. The results showed that low concentrations of MBG nanoparticles promoted the differentiation of C2C12 cells into myotubes, indicating their potential for muscle tissue repair.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Hamaguchi, Kitora Dohi, Takaomi Sakai, Masato Taoka, Toshiaki Isobe, Tsubasa S. Matsui, Shinji Deguchi, Yasuro Furuichi, Nobuharu L. Fujii, Yasuko Manabe
Summary: Myokines, such as platelet-derived growth factor sub-unit B (PDGF-B), play a crucial role in regulating muscle mass and function by acting locally on muscle cells or satellite cells. This study found that PDGF-B is continuously secreted by muscle cells and its secretion increases during myoblast to myotube differentiation. Treatment with PDGF-B enhances myoblast proliferation and promotes myotube maturation, as evidenced by increased myotube diameter, myosin heavy chain expression, and contractile force. These findings suggest that PDGF-B acts as a paracrine or autocrine myokine to contribute to skeletal muscle regeneration.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Klara Komici, Antonio Dello Iacono, Antonio De Luca, Fabio Perrotta, Leonardo Bencivenga, Giuseppe Rengo, Aldo Rocca, Germano Guerra
Summary: The study found that sarcopenia is linked to higher adiponectin levels, especially in Asian populations, with significant influence from female gender. However, caution is advised in interpreting these findings, and further longitudinal research is necessary for a better understanding of the topic.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
