Mangrove-associated bivalves in Southeast Asia: A review

Mangroves are plants with high tolerance to salinity, tidal variation, temperature and moisture which grow in the intertidal zone. The high productivity of mangroves creates a suitable living habitat for aquatic and terrestrial organisms, including bivalves. Several bivalve species are collected as food for humans. Despite the insufficient information regarding the interaction between mangroves and bivalves, this aspect is essential for resource and habitat management. Furthermore, the total number of identified bivalve species living in mangroves is still unknown. Therefore, this article presents a review of the diversity and interaction between bivalves and mangroves in the Southeast Asia region. Published data on distribution of bivalve species in mangroves were listed and checked using online databases and datasets from international organisations. This review will serve as baseline information on the biodiversity of bivalves in Southeast Asia for future studies, although some of the species listed require further validation from taxonomists. A total of 175 species from 34 families, 87 genera and 4 unidentified species of bivalves were recorded in Southeast Asia. The highest number of species was found in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines, which surround the South China Sea, whereas no data for Laos could be obtained. Six species were listed as invasive alien species by the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (GRIIS) and the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) but not recorded as invasive in Southeast Asia. Meanwhile, six species were classified as Least Concern, 71 were categorised as Not Evaluated, and the remaining 98 were not included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List of Threatened Species. These statuses indicate that the current use of bivalves in the Southeast Asia region is still sustainable. Nevertheless, continuous monitoring should be conducted to provide appropriate data for proper management. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.