Article
Immunology
Felix Kohle, Robin Ackfeld, Franziska Hommen, Ines Klein, Martin K. R. Svacina, Christian Schneider, Gereon R. R. Fink, Mohammed Barham, David Vilchez, Helmar C. C. Lehmann
Summary: This study evaluated the neuro-regenerative effects of the small molecule kinesin-5 inhibitor monastrol in a rodent model of acute autoimmune neuropathies. The results showed that treatment with monastrol improved the functional and histological recovery of neuropathies and promoted the regeneration of nerve terminals, possibly through accelerated motor neurite outgrowth.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Li-Juan Wang, Jie Zhu, Xiu-Juan Wu, Ting Li, Chun-Jiao Yang, Xi-Xiong Kang, Hong-Liang Zhang, Guo-Jun Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to observe the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficiency on clinical severity and expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). It was found that TLR4 deficiency could attenuate the clinical severity and delay the onset of EAN. Additionally, the production of IL-17A was significantly lower in the TLR4 KO mice with EAN compared to their WT counterparts.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yaowei Ding, Lijuan Wang, Jialu Sun, Yijun Shi, Guoge Li, Xin Luan, Guanghui Zheng, Guojun Zhang
Summary: This study found that dyslipidemia was correlated with the risk of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and severe GBS, and remnant cholesterol may promote the activation of monocytes in GBS patients. Controlling lipid levels may be beneficial in the prevention of GBS and severe GBS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Massimiliano Filosto, Stefano Cotti Piccinelli, Stefano Gazzina, Camillo Foresti, Barbara Frigeni, Maria Cristina Servalli, Maria Sessa, Giuseppe Cosentino, Enrico Marchioni, Sabrina Ravaglia, Chiara Briani, Francesca Castellani, Gabriella Zara, Francesca Bianchi, Ubaldo Del Carro, Raffaella Fazio, Massimo Filippi, Eugenio Magni, Giuseppe Natalini, Francesco Palmerini, Anna Maria Perotti, Andrea Bellomo, Maurizio Osio, Caterina Nascimbene, Marinella Carpo, Andrea Rasera, Giovanna Squintani, Pietro Emiliano Doneddu, Valeria Bertasi, Maria Sofia Cotelli, Laura Bertolasi, Gian Maria Fabrizi, Sergio Ferrari, Federico Ranieri, Francesca Caprioli, Elena Grappa, Paolo Manganotti, Giulia Bellavita, Giovanni Furlanis, Giovanni De Maria, Ugo Leggio, Loris Poli, Frank Rasulo, Nicola Latronico, Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, Ettore Beghi, Alessandro Padovani, Antonino Uncini
Summary: This study reveals the increase of GBS in northern Italy during the COVID-19 era and emphasizes the significant proportion of GBS cases related to COVID-19, suggesting a possible association between COVID-19 and GBS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ankit Malik, Jean M. Brudvig, Barbie J. Gadsden, Alexander D. Ethridge, Linda S. Mansfield
Summary: This study demonstrates the link between Campylobacter jejuni and the autoimmune disease Guillain-Barré syndrome and identifies the roles of Siglec-1 and IL-4 in its development. The mouse model developed in this study provides potential therapeutic interventions for this disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peng Shi, Di Nian, Hongdang Qu, Ming Ye, Chun Wang, Li Li, Qian Li
Summary: B. infantis alleviates GBS partially by regulating abnormal function of T cells, and this therapeutic effect may be associated with PD-1. By cellular and animal models, we demonstrated that B. infantis inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of T cells from GBS patients, increased the expression levels of PD-1 and decreased the expression of Th1 and Th17 cells while increasing Treg cells. Moreover, B. infantis alleviated the symptoms of GBS. The changes in T cell subsets induced by B. infantis treatment could be partly reversed by PD-1 inhibitor.
Article
Immunology
Takafumi Uchi, Shingo Konno, Hideo Kihara, Toshiki Fujioka
Summary: The S1PR1 agonist siponimod may alleviate the severity of symptoms in an animal model of autoimmune peripheral neuropathy, reducing the expression of interferon-gamma and IL-10 in lymph nodes and cauda equina. Siponimod also reduces demyelinating lesions and inflammatory cell invasion. Shh, Gdnf, and C-Jun play significant roles in the recovery of injured nerves.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ehsan Elahi, Mohamed Ehab Ali, Julian Zimmermann, Daniel R. Getts, Marcus Mueller, Alf Lamprecht
Summary: This study found that cargo-free nanoparticles (NPs) prepared from poly-lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), reduce the trafficking of inflammatory cells, and divert them towards the spleen. Therapeutic treatment with NPs also reduced the expression of proinflammatory markers and elevated the expression levels of anti-inflammatory markers.
Article
Immunology
Cinta Lleixa, Lorena Martin-Aguilar, Elba Pascual-Goni, Teresa Franco, Marta Caballero, Noemi de Luna, Eduard Gallardo, Xavier Suarez-Calvet, Laura Martinez-Martinez, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Ricard Rojas-Garcia, Elena Cortes-Vicente, Joana Turon, Carlos Casasnovas, Christian Homedes, Gerardo Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Maria Concepcion Jimeno-Montero, Jose Berciano, Maria Jose Sedano-Tous, Tania Garcia-Sobrino, Julio Pardo-Fernandez, Celedonio Marquez-Infante, Inigo Rojas-Marcos, Ivonne Jerico-Pascual, Eugenia Martinez-Hernandez, German Moris de la Tassa, Cristina Dominguez-Gonzalez, Candido Juarez, Isabel Illa, Luis Querol
Summary: This study found that GBS patients have a heterogeneous repertoire of autoantibodies targeting nerve cells and structures. Gangliosides are the most frequent antigens in GBS patients and have prognostic value. Further antigen-discovery experiments may elucidate other potential antigens in GBS.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Pieter A. van Doorn, Peter Y. K. Van den Bergh, Robert D. M. Hadden, Bert Avau, Patrik Vankrunkelsven, Shahram Attarian, Patricia H. Blomkwist-Markens, David R. Cornblath, H. Stephan Goedee, Thomas Harbo, Bart C. Jacobs, Susumu Kusunoki, Helmar C. Lehmann, Richard A. Lewis, Michael P. Lunn, Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, Luis Querol, Yusuf A. Rajabally, Thirugnanam Umapathi, Haluk A. Topaloglu, Hugh J. Willison
Summary: The Task Force used GRADE methodology and constructed 14 Population/Intervention/Comparison/Outcome questions (PICOs) covering diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of GBS. Recommendations and good practice points were provided based on the available evidence. The recommendations include considering history, CSF examination, electrodiagnostic testing and antibody testing for diagnosis. For treatment, IVIg or PE should be considered early on, and corticosteroids should be avoided. To assess prognosis, the modified Erasmus GBS outcome score (mEGOS) and modified Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score (mEGRIS) are recommended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Pamela A. A. McCombe, Todd A. A. Hardy, Robert J. J. Nona, Judith M. M. Greer
Summary: Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) are immune mediated neuropathies that are more common in males. There are reported sex differences in immune system elements, which may contribute to the male predominance of these diseases and warrant further study in peripheral nerves.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kaixi Ren, Sanzhong Li, Shiqian Liang, Fan Fan, Jiarui Lu, Tiaoxia Wei, Xiuli Cao, Li Gong, Hongzeng Li, Junlong Zhao, Hongyan Qin, Jun Guo
Summary: The conversion of monocytes modulated by Notch signaling plays a crucial role in the mouse model of experimental autoimmune neuritis.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qiuyan Shen, Xin Mu, Yi Bao, Fang Xu, Dan Zhang, Anling Luo, Ling Liu, Hongyan Huang, Yanming Xu
Summary: Our study found an association between the initial SIRI and respiratory failure in GBS patients. SIRI can be used as a predictor of respiratory failure, and there is an S-like relationship between SIRI and respiratory failure. When SIRI is less than 6.4 and increases, the risk of respiratory failure increases, but it no longer increases when SIRI is over 6.4.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chunrong Li, Shan Liu, Qiaolifan Aerqin, Donghui Shen, Xiujuan Wu, Kangding Liu
Summary: The study showed that ginkgolides improved the disease score in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) mice and reduced the proportion of Th17 cells in the spleen of EAN mice. Additionally, in Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) patients, ginkgolides significantly decreased the levels of interferon and interleukin, indicating potential therapeutic effects in the future for both GBS and EAN.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Felix Kohle, Alina Sprenger, Ines Klein, Gereon R. Fink, Helmar C. Lehmann
Summary: Nerve conduction studies are crucial for assessing peripheral nerve fiber function in immune-mediated neuritis research models, but the lack of standard protocols hinders data comparability. A systematic review and meta-analysis of Lewis rats' NCS over the past 30 years revealed significant heterogeneity in recorded parameters, emphasizing the need for standardization in conducting and reporting NCS.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2021)