Article
Virology
Brandon Michael Henry, Ivan Szergyuk, Maria Helena Santos de Oliveira, Giuseppe Lippi, Justin L. Benoit, Jens Vikse, Stefanie W. Benoit
Summary: Complement system hyperactivation in COVID-19 patients is associated with hyperinflammation and thrombotic microangiopathy, but failed to accurately predict disease severity. Complement inhibition should be further investigated for potential benefit in patients with hyperinflammatory and microangiopathic phenotype.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stacy L. Sell, Donald S. Prough, Harris A. Weisz, Steve G. Widen, Helen L. Hellmich
Summary: There are many unanswered questions regarding SARS-CoV-2, including the high percentage of asymptomatic but highly infectious individuals, wide variability in disease susceptibility, and long-lasting debilitating effects. Bioinformatic analysis has identified diverse host factors involved in virus-induced immune suppression, viral replication, and evasion of antiviral immune surveillance, which deserve further investigation for their roles in COVID-19-related symptoms and organ dysfunctions.
Article
Virology
Kamal Kant Sahu, Azra Borogovac, Jan Cerny
Summary: The current COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unprecedented challenge to the global medical community, various countries, and their citizens. This study focused on the immunological impact of COVID-19 on the hematological system, platelets, and red blood cells.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Luca T. Giurgea, David M. Morens
Summary: Vaccination plays a crucial role in slowing down the pandemic, saving lives, and alleviating the burden on healthcare resources, but the actual situation may differ from theoretical models. Due to constantly changing factors, the herd immunity threshold requires constant revision.
Article
Microbiology
Luca T. Giurgea, David M. Morens
Summary: Vaccination is a powerful strategy to slow down the pandemic, save lives, and alleviate the burden on limited healthcare resources. However, reaching the estimated herd immunity threshold may be challenging due to various factors such as imperfect vaccine protection, viral mutations, and changing human behavior.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adrian R. Martineau
Summary: This article summarises the evidence regarding the potential role of vitamin D supplementation in preventing or treating COVID-19. Although some studies have shown a protective association between vitamin D and the risk and severity of COVID-19, the current evidence is insufficient to support the routine use of vitamin D as a therapeutic or preventive agent for COVID-19.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ahmad Reza Farmani, Forough Mahdavinezhad, Rohollah Moslemi, Zeinab Mehrabi, Alireza Noori, Mahsa Kouhestani, Zahra Noroozi, Jafar Ai, Nima Rezaei
Summary: COVID-19 leads to a cytokine storm and multi-organ damage, with IgE playing a key role in susceptibility to respiratory infections. Anti-IgE drugs like omalizumab can reduce disease severity.
IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yaiza Senent, Susana Inoges, Ascension Lopez-Diaz de Cerio, Andres Blanco, Arantxa Campo, Francisco Carmona-Torre, Patricia Sunsundegui, Antonio Gonzalez-Martin, Daniel Ajona, Marcin Okroj, Felipe Prosper, Ruben Pio, Jose Ramon Yuste, Beatriz Tavira
Summary: This study found that serum C5a levels remain high in severe cases of COVID-19 and are associated with the presence of respiratory symptoms after hospital discharge, suggesting a potential role for C5a in the long-term effects of the infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evdoxia Kyriazopoulou, Garyfallia Poulakou, Haralampos Milionis, Simeon Metallidis, Georgios Adamis, Konstantinos Tsiakos, Archontoula Fragkou, Aggeliki Rapti, Christina Damoulari, Massimo Fantoni, Ioannis Kalomenidis, Georgios Chrysos, Andrea Angheben, Ilias Kainis, Zoi Alexiou, Francesco Castelli, Francesco Saverio Serino, Maria Tsilika, Petros Bakakos, Emanuele Nicastri, Vassiliki Tzavara, Evangelos Kostis, Lorenzo Dagna, Panagiotis Koufargyris, Katerina Dimakou, Spyridon Savvanis, Glykeria Tzatzagou, Maria Chini, Giulio Cavalli, Matteo Bassetti, Konstantina Katrini, Vasileios Kotsis, George Tsoukalas, Carlo Selmi, Ioannis Bliziotis, Michael Samarkos, Michael Doumas, Sofia Ktena, Aikaterini Masgala, Ilias Papanikolaou, Maria Kosmidou, Dimitra-Melia Myrodia, Aikaterini Argyraki, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Katerina Koliakou, Eleni-Ioanna Katsigianni, Vassiliki Rapti, Efthymia Giannitsioti, Antonella Cingolani, Styliani Micha, Karolina Akinosoglou, Orestis Liatsis-Douvitsas, Styliani Symbardi, Nikolaos Gatselis, Maria Mouktaroudi, Giuseppe Ippolito, Eleni Florou, Antigone Kotsaki, Mihai G. Netea, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, Miltiades Kyprianou, Periklis Panagopoulos, George N. Dalekos, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
Summary: The SAVE-MORE phase 3 study demonstrated the efficacy of anakinra, an IL-1 alpha/beta inhibitor, in patients with COVID-19 and high serum levels of soluble plasminogen activator receptor, showing significant reduction in clinical deterioration and decreased 28-day mortality.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro N. Batalha, Luana S. M. Forezi, Carolina G. S. Lima, Fernanda P. Pauli, Fernanda C. S. Boechat, Maria Cecilia B. V. de Souza, Anna C. Cunha, Vitor F. Ferreira, Fernando de C. da Silva
Summary: The article discusses the chemical aspects of drugs studied as candidates for COVID-19 therapy, providing a comprehensive overview for the chemical community.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Holden T. Maecker
Summary: Understanding the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 infection with the host immune system, induction of antibody and T cell responses, importance of innate immune responses, and impact of baseline immune profiles and changes on predicting disease progression are crucial for the development of immune monitoring tools for COVID-19.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiu Yan Lam, Vinay Tergaonkar, Alan Prem Kumar, Kwang Seok Ahn
Summary: Mast cells, as innate immune cells with unique features, play sentinel roles in response to rapid changes within their microenvironment and are increasingly recognized for their involvement in various pathophysiological processes, including COVID-19. This review highlights the emerging roles of mast cells in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the potential of mast cells as novel therapeutic targets for COVID-19 and other non-allergic inflammatory diseases.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sameer Mohammad, Rafia Aziz, Saeed Al Mahri, Shuja Shafi Malik, Esraa Haji, Altaf Husain Khan, Tanvir Saleem Khatlani, Abderrezak Bouchama
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions and caused over a million deaths, with age and underlying health conditions being major factors for severity and mortality. Obesity has emerged as a new risk factor for severe disease and death due to COVID-19.
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Ye Liu, Yiming Li, Dongxue Xu, Jing Zhang, Zhiyong Peng
Summary: Severe COVID-19 patients exhibit paradoxical immune states, with the virus attacking the immune system leading to immunosuppression and heightened inflammation. Understanding the immune status in COVID-19 can aid in treatment strategies and therapy selection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sheng-Kang Chiu, Kuo-Wang Tsai, Chia-Chao Wu, Cai-Mei Zheng, Chung-Hsiang Yang, Wan-Chung Hu, Yi-Chou Hou, Kuo-Cheng Lu, You-Chen Chao
Summary: COVID-19 is characterized by significant immune dysfunction, requiring the development of effective treatments; various types of COVID-19 vaccines are under development and optimization, increasing public immunity may enhance vaccine effectiveness; Vitamin D supplementation may help mitigate the progression of COVID-19, but its role in vaccine efficacy remains unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
