Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ivy Mannoh, Danielle Amundsen, Gnilane Turpin, Carrie E. Lyons, Nikita Viswasam, Elizabeth Hahn, Sofia Ryan, Stefan Baral, Bhakti Hansoti
Summary: HIV/AIDS is still a significant issue in global public health, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. The effectiveness of HIV testing strategies depends on factors such as setting, type of test, and service providers. Multiple strategies are needed to reach the UNAIDS target of 95% of individuals knowing their HIV status, including community-based approaches and testing services in antenatal care.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Nadia Huffman, Wallace Huffman
Summary: This article examines the hypothesis of conditional convergence in income per person for sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries over the most recent twenty-five-year period, 1990-2014. The study finds that average per capita income in 2011 PPP$ grew at 1.6% over this period, and conditional convergence is occurring. The research also shows that countries with a higher share of agricultural labor grow slower, while countries located on the ocean and with higher literacy rates tend to grow faster.
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Michael Appiah, Sania Ashraf, Aviral Kumar Tiwari, Bright Akwasi Gyamfi, Stephen Taiwo Onifade
Summary: This study investigates the impact of financial development, fiscal policy, and foreign capital on renewable energy development in 21 Sub-Saharan African nations from 2000 to 2021. The findings suggest that financial development and fiscal policy pose significant obstacles to renewable energy development in the long run, while foreign capital has a positive contribution except at the 70th quantile. Additionally, industrialization and institutional quality lead to a declining trend in Sub-Saharan Africa's share of renewable energy development, and the interactive effects of fiscal policy and institutional quality hinder renewable advancement over time. These empirical outcomes provide valuable insights for attracting foreign capital and allocating investments in renewable energy development.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mwoya Byaro, Provident Dimoso, Anicet Rwezaula
Summary: This study examines the impacts of clean energy technologies on environmental sustainability in 29 sub-Saharan African countries. The results show that clean energy technologies have positive and significant impacts on environmental sustainability across different quantiles. The findings highlight the importance of using clean fuels for cooking, trade, and renewable energy consumption in improving environmental sustainability in the region.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wolfgang Hladik, Paul K. Stupp, Stephen McCracken, Jessica Justman, Clement Ndongmo, Judith Shang, Emily Dokubo, Elizabeth Gummerson, Isabelle Koui, Stephane Bodika, Roger Lobognon, Hermann Brou, Caroline Ryan, Kristin Brown, Harriet Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Leonard Kingwara, Peter Young, Megan Bronson, Duncan Chege, Optatus Malewo, Yohannes Mengistu, Frederix Koen, Andreas B. Jahn, Andrew Auld, Sasi Jonnalagadda, Elizabeth Radin, Ndapewa Hamunime, Daniel Williams, Eugenie Kayirangwa, Veronicah Mugisha, Rennatus Mdodo, Stephen Delgado, Wilford Kirungi, Lisa Nelson, Christine West, Samuel H. Biraro, Kumbutso Dzekedzeke, Danielle Barradas, Owen Mugurungi, Shirish Balachandra, Peter A. Kilmarx, Godfrey Musuka, Hetal Patel, Bharat Parekh, Katrina Sleeman, Robert C. Domaoal, George Rutherford, Tsietso Motsoane, Anne-Cecile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek, Mansoor Farahani, Andrew Voetsch
Summary: The epidemiology and transmission potential of HIV population viral load (VL) were examined in 12 sub-Saharan African countries. It was found that the number of female PLHIV with unsuppressed viral load outnumbered males, and just 5% of PLHIV accounted for almost two-thirds of countries' total VL.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nancy Muvumbu Mukalayi, Roula Inglesi-Lotz
Summary: The Bretton Woods institutions and the G20 are promoting financial inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia to reduce poverty. The adoption of advanced financial services technology has facilitated the inclusion of many people in the financial system in these regions. This paper examines the impact of innovative digital services and financial inclusion on energy consumption and the environment in different countries based on their geographical location. The findings suggest that higher levels of financial inclusion are associated with increased energy consumption and CO2 emissions, but the relationship is not always linear between technology, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahmed Adefemi Adesete, Oluwanbepelumi Esther Olanubi, Risikat Oladoyin Dauda
Summary: This study examines the relationship between climate change and food security in the Sub-Saharan African region. The findings show that increasing greenhouse gas emissions lead to higher malnourishment rates and lower food security in the region. Climate change and food prices have a negative impact on food security, while income and food supply have a positive impact. Reducing carbon emissions is expected to enhance agricultural productivity and food security. The study recommends targeting zero net emissions and implementing policies to improve domestic food production capacity.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Aminou Arouna, Krishna Prasad Devkota, Wilfried Gnipabo Yergo, Kazuki Saito, Benedicta Nsiah Frimpong, Patrice Ygue Adegbola, Meougbe Ernest Depieu, Dorothy Malaa Kenyi, Germaine Ibro, Amadou Abdoulaye Fall, Sani Usman
Summary: Benchmarking and monitoring of rice production performance indicators are crucial for improving rice production self-sufficiency, increasing profitability, reducing labor requirements, and optimizing fertilizer inputs, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study quantified five sustainability performance indicators across 12 countries in the region, revealing gaps in yield, profit, and labor productivity, with positive correlations to nitrogen and phosphorus application rates, but not use efficiencies. The study emphasizes the urgent need for precision nutrient management practices to enhance rice performance indicators in both rainfed and low-yielding irrigated lowlands.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chima M. Menyelim, Abiola A. Babajide, Alexander E. Omankhanlen, Benjamin I. Ehikioya
Summary: The study found that inclusive financial access helps reduce income inequality, has a negative impact on income inequality in the short term, and has a negative effect on the relationship between income inequality and economic growth, but has a positive net effect on reducing income inequality and promoting economic growth.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Danish, Muhammad Awais Baloch, JianWu Zhang
Summary: This study examines the impact of income inequality on carbon emissions while taking into account the model of globalization. The findings suggest that countries with higher levels of income inequality contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions. Additionally, the study highlights the positive effects of globalization on the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Goran Abdurrahman, Washington Samukange, Nyambe Lyoko, Negus Onai Shonhiwa, Chancelar Kafere, C. Micha Nuebling, Rosanna W. Peeling, Jens Reinhardt
Summary: According to the World Health Organization, blood must be screened before transfusion to prevent infection. However, in Sub-Saharan African countries, the regulation of in-vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVDs) is often poor, leading to the use of poor-quality devices for blood donor screening, posing a threat to public health. The BloodTrain project aims to strengthen regulatory authorities in partner countries to address this issue.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Development Studies
Kacou Yves Thierry Kacou, Yacouba Kassouri, Andrew Adewale Alola, Mehmet Altuntas
Summary: The study shows that migrant remittances are detrimental to overall financial institutions, but financial institutions have a positive influence on remittance inflows. The relationship between remittances and financial institutions varies with different dimensions of financial institutions, with a positive dynamic interaction between remittances, financial efficiency, and financial access.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Kabinet Kaba, Justin Yifu Lin, Mary-Francoise Renard
Summary: This paper examines the impact of trade openness on the economic reallocation from agriculture to manufacturing in sub-Saharan African countries. The findings indicate that trade openness has a negative effect on structural change in both the long run and short run. Specifically, commodities exports have a negative impact, while manufacturing exports positively influence structural change. The results suggest that African countries have not successfully utilized trade to promote industrialization, unlike Asian countries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sitara Karim, Michael Appiah, Muhammad Abubakr Naeem, Brian M. Lucey, Mingxing Li
Summary: This study examines the impact of institutional quality on CO2 emissions and finds that corruption control, regulatory quality, and the rule of law significantly reduce CO2 emissions. Additionally, there is a one-way causality from CO2 emissions to industrialization, economic growth, and energy consumption, while a two-way causality is observed between CO2 emissions and population growth as well as institutional quality indices.
Article
Communication
Gideon Ndubuisi, Chuks Otioma, Godsway Korku Tetteh
Summary: This study finds that digital infrastructure has a positive impact on employment in the services sector, but this impact depends on education, institutional quality, and macroeconomic conditions. Specifically, the improvement of institutional quality can increase the positive effect of digital infrastructure on employment in the services sector.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Michelle C. White, Andrew J. M. Leather, Nick Sevdalis, Andy Healey
Summary: This study evaluates the economic case for the nationwide scale-up of the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist using cost-effectiveness and benefit-cost analyses. The results show that the checklist scale-up is considered very cost-effective and has a potential return on investment.
Review
Surgery
Shalini Ahuja, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Kimberly Peven, Michelle White, Andrew J. M. Leather, Sanjeev Singh, Marc Mendelson, Alison Holmes, Gabriel Birgand, Nick Sevdalis
Summary: This study conducted a systematic scoping review of 21 studies on surgical site infection and antibiotic usage, finding that feedback plays a key role in reducing SSI rates and optimizing antibiotic usage. However, the optimal method, format, and frequency of feedback remain unclear and require further research and exploration.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
John Whitaker, Giulia Brunelli, Thomas P. Van Boeckel, Albert Dube, Abena S. Amoah, Rory F. Rickard, Andrew J. M. Leather, Justine Davies
Summary: Injuries have a greater impact on low- and middle-income countries like Malawi. This study used GIS analysis to estimate the travel time to healthcare facilities in the Karonga region of Malawi and compared it with community-reported travel time. The findings suggest that most households cannot reach appropriate healthcare facilities within the specified time, and the GIS estimates of travel time are shorter than the community-reported travel time. Therefore, caution should be exercised when interpreting GIS-derived estimates of population emergency care access in similar contexts.
INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nadine Seward, Charlotte Hanlon, Ahmed Abdella, Zulfa Abrahams, Atalay Alem, Ricardo Araya, Max Bachmann, Alemayehu Bekele, Birke Bogale, Nataliya Brima, Dixon Chibanda, Robyn Curran, Justine Davies, Andualem Beyene, Lara Fairall, Lindsay Farrant, Souci Frissa, Jennifer Gallagher, Wei Gao, Liz Gwyther, Richard Harding, Muralikrishnan R. Kartha, Andrew Leather, Crick Lund, Maggie Marx, Kennedy Nkhoma, Jamie Murdoch, Inge Petersen, Ruwayda Petrus, Andre van Rensburg, Jane Sandall, Nick Sevdalis, Andrew Sheenan, Amezene Tadesse, Graham Thornicroft, Ruth Verhey, Chris Willott, Martin Prince
Summary: To achieve universal health coverage, it is important to strengthen health systems and provide high-quality care. The National Institute for Health Research Global Research Unit on Health System Strengthening in Sub-Saharan Africa (ASSET) aims to address this need through a four-year program, focusing on research methods and stakeholder engagement to improve the effectiveness of health system strengthening interventions.
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pyry Mattila, Justine Davies, Denny Mabetha, Stephen Tollman, Lucia D'Ambruoso
Summary: Community knowledge is a critical input to understand local health risks. There is a substantial proportion of deaths that are linked to community-nominated risk factors, with alcohol abuse being the most common attributable cause.
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Spencer Wilson, Mohamed M. Bah, Peter George, Augustus Caulker, Hampus Holmer, Andrew Jm Leather, Thaim B. Kamara
Summary: This study used qualitative interviews to explore the challenges and solutions of surgical and anaesthesia care in Sierra Leone's hospitals. The study found that limited resources, access to services, and human resources are major challenges that affect surgical care. However, despite these challenges, surgical providers have developed innovative solutions to improve the quality of surgical and anaesthesia care in hospitals.
Article
Cell Biology
Nicole Mauer, Pascal Geldsetzer, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Justine Davies, Andrew C. Stokes, Margaret McConnell, Mohammed K. Ali, Volker Winkler, Nikkil Sudharsanan
Summary: This study examines the process of hypertension care in middle-income countries by analyzing population-based cohort data from China, Indonesia, Mexico, and South Africa. The findings reveal that there are challenges in hypertension control in these countries, with a relatively low percentage of individuals being diagnosed, treated, and achieving blood pressure control.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tamlyn Mac Quene, Lune Smith, Maria Lisa Odland, Susan Levine, Lucia D'Ambruoso, Justine Davies, Kathryn Chu
Summary: Surgical healthcare in South Africa faces inequitable access and delays. A stakeholder workshop utilized the Four Delays Framework to identify barriers and prioritize interventions. This first-of-its-kind study is crucial for improving access to quality surgical care in an equitable manner.
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eyitayo O. Owolabi, Karen Ferreira, Samukelisiwe Nyamathe, Agnieszka Ignatowicz, Maria Lisa Odland, Abdul-Malik Abdul-Latif, Jean C. Byiringiro, Justine I. Davies, Kathryn M. Chu
Summary: The impact of social determinants of health on seeking and reaching injury care in South Africa is significant, with barriers ranging from healthcare access to social and community factors. Efforts to improve injury care should involve collaboration across multiple sectors.
ANNALS OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Youkee, Gibrilla F. Deen, Mamadu Baldeh, Zainab F. Conteh, Julia Fox-Rushby, Musa Gbessay, Jotham Johnson, Peter Langhorne, Andrew J. M. Leather, Durodami R. Lisk, Iain J. Marshall, Jessica O'Hara, Sahr Pessima, Anthony Rudd, Marina Soley-Bori, Melvina Thompson, Hatem Wafa, Yanzhong Wang, Caroline L. Watkins, Christine E. Williams, Charles D. A. Wolfe, Catherine M. Sackley
Summary: This study provides limited information on the long-term outcomes after stroke in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The study reports case fatality rate (CFR) and functional outcomes in stroke patients in Sierra Leone and identifies factors associated with mortality and functional outcome. The results show that stroke affects younger people and has high rates of fatality and functional impairment compared to global averages. Key clinical priorities for reducing fatality include preventing stroke-related complications, improving management of atrial fibrillation, and increasing coverage of secondary prevention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
John Whitaker, Abena S. Amoah, Albert Dube, Lindani Chirwa, Boston Munthali, Rory F. Rickard, Andrew J. M. Leather, Justine Davies
Summary: This study used process mapping method and the Three Delays framework to visually represent the relationship between critical actions, decisions and barriers to access to care following injury in the Karonga health system in Northern Malawi. Facilitated group process mapping workshops were conducted in 11 health system facilities, and a summary map was created to provide a visual summary of the process following injury within the health system. The most commonly reported barriers were cultural norms, healthcare literacy, traditional healers, lack of transport, and insufficient physical resources.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
John Whitaker, R. Rickard, A. Leather, J. Davies
Summary: Military plays an important role in global health and interacts with existing health systems. Recognizing the link between global health and security is crucial, and further training and research are needed to optimize military medical activities at the intersection of security and global health.
BMJ MILITARY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Mediatrice Niyonsaba, Menelas Nkeshimana, Jean Marie Uwitonze, Justine Davies, Rebecca Maine, Jeanne D'Arc Nyinawankusi, Mckenna Hunt, Rob Rickard, Sudha Jayaraman, Melissa H. Watt
Summary: This study examines the factors that compromise the efficiency and quality of pre-hospital emergency care in Rwanda. It also explores the potential of using mobile health (mHealth) tools to address these challenges. The study identifies areas where an mHealth tool could improve care and highlights the contextual issues that need to be considered for sustainable use.
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
