Article
Engineering, Environmental
Laura Levaggi, Rosella Levaggi, Carmen Marchiori, Carmine Trecroci
Summary: This paper proposes a stylized two-region model to study the joint effect of waste mobility and WtE plant's ownership on waste disposal choices, welfare, and environmental quality. The findings suggest that waste recycling level is excessive under the mobility/private ownership scenario and generally suboptimal under waste autarky. The study also highlights the importance of local authorities in waste incineration decision-making and provides new insights into the relationship between WtE incineration and recycling.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Giacomo Di Foggia, Massimo Beccarello
Summary: This study examines the imbalance in municipal solid waste management across Italy, evaluating the impact of a system compliant with circular economy goals on waste management costs, and finding that Italy could potentially reduce landfill use and increase waste-to-energy and organic waste treatment capacity.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ali H. Abdulrahim, J. N. Chung
Summary: This study investigates the potential of using syngas generated from biomass high-temperature steam gasification systems as fuel for gas turbine backup units in Kuwait. By hybridizing HTSG systems with CPDPs, fossil fuel dependence can be reduced and landfill waste can be minimized. The synergies of hybridizing biomass HTSG systems with conventional CPDPs are discussed, showing an increase in power capacity and water gain ratio, as well as a decrease in waste landfilling and water consumption rates.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yixi Tian, A. C. Thanos Bourtsalas, Shiho Kawashima, Nickolas J. Themelis
Summary: US WTE plants generate a large amount of fly ash and bottom ash, and a study examined the utilization of the sandy fraction of combined ash in cement mortar by using it as a sand substitute or as a cement substitute. The results showed that both applications were effective and could transform the ash into nonhazardous materials.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jalil Shadbahr, Mahmood Ebadian, Giovanna Gonzales-Calienes, Miyuru Kannangara, Leila Ahmadi, Farid Bensebaa
Summary: Bioenergy pathways based on waste-to-energy technologies are potential solutions to address climate change and a lack of sustainable municipal solid waste diversion solutions. This study develops an integrated decision-making framework and modeling tools to evaluate the upstream operations and energy recovery technologies of the waste supply chain. The results show that the greenhouse gas emissions of these pathways are slightly higher than fossil-based heating, indicating the need for further technology optimization and improvement.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hamza Samouh, Vikram Kumar, Halle -Mari Santiago, Nishant Garg
Summary: Waste-to-Energy facilities incinerate 11% of global solid waste, generating bottom and fly ashes. The secondary use of WTE ashes in industrial applications can reduce environmental risks. However, the inconsistent mineralogy of these ashes restricts their reuse. This study demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy for rapid monitoring of WTE fly ash mineralogy.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junnian Song, Runchuan Feng, Chunlin Yue, Yixuan Shao, Jiatong Han, Jiahao Xing, Wei Yang
Summary: This study constructs an integrated municipal solid waste management system focusing on reinforced waste recycling and energy recovery to achieve enhanced resource, energy, and environmental benefits(REEBs). Three scenarios with different waste collection and recycling levels are designed based on regional disparities. The results indicate that Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, and Sichuan have more advantages in terms of REEBs.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojing Li, Fan Lue, Nanlin Liao, Hua Zhang, Na Yang, Pinjing He
Summary: This study assesses and predicts the greenhouse gas emissions on the timeline as waste treatment technologies develop in Shanghai from 1991 to 2025 using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. The findings demonstrate that GHG emission has reached net-zero in 2019 owing to the application of alternative technologies and waste segregation.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yixi Tian, A. C. Thanos Bourtsalas, Shiho Kawashima, Xiaoxuan Teng, Nickolas J. Themelis
Summary: This study examined the performance of two types of artificial geopolymer aggregates that replaced metakaolin, and found that these aggregates have lightweight and corrosion-resistant properties. The leachability of heavy metals was significantly reduced, making them safe for civil or environmental engineering applications.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mohsen Banifateme, Ali Behbahaninia, Gloria Pignatta
Summary: This research aims to perform solid waste analysis in waste-to-energy power plants without sampling, using an inverse solution method. A simulated experiment is conducted to evaluate the stability and accuracy of the method, and results show the feasibility of the proposed method. The method is then applied to estimate the municipal solid waste composition and mass flow rate in the Aradkooh power plant in Tehran, Iran, demonstrating its effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sandylove Afrane, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Chao Jin, Haifeng Liu, Emmanuel Mensah Aboagye
Summary: This study used multicriteria decision analysis to determine the most advantageous waste-to-energy technology for investment in Ghana, providing valuable insights for potential investors in the field.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
H. Akram, T. E. Butt
Summary: This paper focuses on the connection between waste, energy, and transport, specifically exploring the possibility of using waste incineration to generate energy for maritime transportation. By creating theoretical models and using data and graphs from existing literature, the state of the three sectors is quantitatively described. The paper also discusses the challenges and benefits of replacing fossil fuel consumption with waste-to-energy, as well as the potential of using waste energy to drive maritime transport for environmental sustainability and climate action.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Maicon Gonsalves Silva, Andre Luiz Przybysz, Cassiano Moro Piekarski
Summary: The study shows that the location selection for WtE plants involves various criteria including economic, social, legal, and environmental factors. Economic criteria are the most frequent, focusing on installation and operation costs, waste transport costs, and road infrastructure availability. Although less common, social, legal, and environmental criteria also play a crucial role in the decision-making process.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sakib Amin, Mahatab Kabir Khandaker, Juhi Jannat, Farhan Khan, Shah Zahidur Rahman
Summary: This paper critically discusses the importance of cooperative environmental governance (CEG) for efficient waste management and waste-to-energy (WtE) generation in the context of growing urban South Asia. Focusing on Bangladesh, India and Pakistan experiences, the paper reveals that even though much progress has been done in the urbanisation in the selected countries, the process of waste management (mainly municipal solid waste) has not been effective due to low level of local inclusion. As a result, the WtE generation potential has not been realised to its fullest. In addition, it has been argued that institutional and social reforms are extremely important for strengthening the CEG, and it will eventually lead to effective and optimal WtE generation in the urban cities of the selected South Asian countries for green transition and urban sustainability. Finally, an integrated solid waste management framework has been formulated for policy implications in South Asia.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenchao Ma, Zhuoshi Huang, Jicui Cui, Abdoulaye Bore, Guanyi Chen, Zhi Qiao, Ziyang Lou, Johann Fellner
Summary: An assessment of the inhalation health risks of waste to energy plants and landfills in the Bohai Rim region of northeast China was conducted. The study calculated the population-weighted hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of incineration and landfill for each pollutant and target organ affected. The results showed that the health risks were below acceptable levels, with lower HI and CR values for both incineration and landfill. The non-carcinogenic risks mainly affected the respiratory and nervous systems, while the carcinogenic risks targeted the respiratory and digestive systems for incineration, and the hepatic and respiratory systems for landfill.
Article
Economics
Paolo Berta, Carla Guerriero, Rosella Levaggi
Summary: This study explores how hospitals in Lombardy attract patients from outside the region by using waiting time and length of stay, without negatively impacting the care quality for regional patients. Additionally, the reimbursement pattern for extra-regional care results in financial flow towards wealthier regions, exacerbating the North-South divide in the National Health Service.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLANNING SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Economics
Rosella Levaggi, Paolo Pertile
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gianmaria Martini, Rosella Levaggi, Daniele Spinelli
Summary: Patient choice is crucial in hospital care competition, but little is known about the process leading to specific provider selection. This study tests the hypothesis that patients have biases towards certain types of hospitals and identifies the attributes that determine these biases. The findings show that patients are willing to travel further to be admitted to hospitals they perceive as the best performers, particularly in regions with well-developed competition between public and private providers.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Laura Levaggi, Rosella Levaggi, Carmen Marchiori, Carmine Trecroci
Summary: This paper proposes a stylized two-region model to study the joint effect of waste mobility and WtE plant's ownership on waste disposal choices, welfare, and environmental quality. The findings suggest that waste recycling level is excessive under the mobility/private ownership scenario and generally suboptimal under waste autarky. The study also highlights the importance of local authorities in waste incineration decision-making and provides new insights into the relationship between WtE incineration and recycling.
Article
Economics
S. Currarini, C. Marchiori
Summary: Issue linkage is advocated as a mechanism to encourage cooperation, but it may not necessarily improve welfare when dealing with independent issues; however, cooperation can be expanded and welfare increased when linked issues are complements. Insights from network theory can help design cost-effective linkage architectures for more than two issues.
GAMES AND ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Economics
Rosella Levaggi, Carmen Marchiori, Paolo M. Panteghini
Summary: The consumption of unhealthy products leads to significant external costs in terms of future healthcare expenses. Lifestyle taxes are being considered as a means to discourage over-consumption and address these external costs. This paper examines the trade-off faced by governments when implementing a lifestyle tax, particularly when the taxed goods are produced by multinational corporations that may engage in profit-shifting activities.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Cinzia Di Novi, Lucia Leporatti, Rosella Levaggi, Marcello Montefiori
Summary: Our study examines the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown restrictions on drug utilization, as well as the role of patient age and education in shaping it. We found that adherence to medication has significantly decreased during the pandemic and has not returned to pre-COVID levels. Older and less educated patients appear to be more affected by the restrictions and fear of contagion, making them a potential target for policy interventions to improve adherence.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Duccio Gamannossi degl'Innocenti, Rosella Levaggi, Francesco Menoncin
Summary: This study examines the simultaneous engagement of taxpayers in both tax avoidance and tax evasion. The results show that traditional deterrence instruments have different effects on evasion and avoidance. Tax evasion is influenced by its cost and the probability of being discovered, while tax avoidance is influenced by cost and the probability of success, as well as the tax rate. The study also reveals the existence of a Laffer curve for fiscal revenues due to non-compliance behavior.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Stefano Capri, Fernando Antonanzas, Rosella Levaggi
Summary: The objective of this paper is to propose a change in the application of the incremental cost effectiveness ratio as a criterion for price policy. The results show that by setting the price for marginal effectiveness equal to the marginal willingness to pay, and reimbursing average effectiveness according to the size of increased QALY gain, the economic value of the drug can be split between patients and the industry and creates a reward to invest into QALY gains. The empirical data of the new prices derived from the application of the new formula, as well as the implications in terms of the consumer and manufacturer's surplus based on two potential scenarios of the incentives generated by this new formulation, are shown. The discussion proposes pricing small increases in life expectancy differently from substantial ones as a way of containing the price dynamics. A change in the application of the ICER threshold will help to reduce the price pressure on public budgets.
EXPERT REVIEW OF PHARMACOECONOMICS & OUTCOMES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Rosella Levaggi, Francesco Menoncin
Summary: This article investigates the relationship between sovereign debt sustainability and tax evasion, and finds the conditions under which the debt/GDP ratio is endogenously mean reverting in the context where tax evasion may increase public debt. The level of tax evasion has no effect on the mean reverting conditions for a log utility consumer, but it does for more general functional forms. The conclusion is that allowing for tax evasion is not a suitable policy to make the debt/GDP ratio stable over time, especially in low-growth economies.
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL STUDIES-EPS
(2023)
Article
Economics
Laura Levaggi, Rosella Levaggi
Summary: Mixed markets for healthcare, where public and private hospitals compete, are common but evidence of their desirability is inconclusive. This study uses a spatial competition model to account for differences in providers' objectives and patients' preferences in the market for hospital care. The findings suggest that a mixed market may be the optimal choice under certain conditions, but trade-offs between quality and other welfare measures need to be considered.
ECONOMIC MODELLING
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Laura Levaggi, Rosella Levaggi
Summary: The text discusses the impact of strict regulation on the market for innovative drugs, highlighting how it can affect incentives for new product development and healthcare costs. The development of a simple model to compare different listing and pricing strategies is presented to evaluate the social value, consumer surplus, and industry profit.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2021)
