Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Feng-Min Zhang, Xiao-Lei Chen, Qian Wu, Wen-Xi Dong, Qian-Tong Dong, Xian Shen, Han-Ping Shi, Zhen Yu, Cheng-Le Zhuang
Summary: This study developed and validated nomograms for predicting low muscle mass and muscle radiodensity based on preoperative data in gastric cancer patients. The nomograms showed good discrimination and calibration in diagnosing sarcopenia and malnutrition, with high agreement ratios between the nomograms and actual observations. These diagnostic tools can facilitate early identification and interventions for at-risk populations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Miles E. Cameron, Alexander L. Ayzengart, Olusola Oduntan, Sarah M. Judge, Andrew R. Judge, Ziad T. Awad
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed patients who underwent esophagectomy between 2012 and 2021, and found that low muscle mass was associated with decreased pulmonary function testing parameters (particularly forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and increased postoperative complications.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Cory Lee, Russyan Mark Mabeza, Arjun Verma, Sara Sakowitz, Zachary Tran, Joseph Hadaya, Hanjoo Lee, Peyman Benharash
Summary: Frailty, as assessed by the mFI-5, was found to be associated with increased perioperative morbidity and hospital resource use in patients undergoing elective colon resection for diverticular disease. Frail patients had higher odds of major adverse events, surgical site infection, postoperative ileus, prolonged length of stay, nonhome discharge, and unplanned readmission compared to non-frail patients. Deployment of frailty instruments may help improve patient selection for elective colectomy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yunhe Gao, Hongqing Xi, Fredrik Mattsson, Wenquan Liang, Shao-Hua Xie, Lin Chen, Jesper Lagergren
Summary: Previous studies have shown that the surgical starting time of the day may affect the long-term survival of gastric cancer patients. This cohort study included 2728 patients who underwent curatively intended gastrectomy for gastric cancer in China. The results indicated that starting surgery in the early morning might be associated with better long-term survival, especially for patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy and those with stage II tumors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Larissa Calixto-Lima, Emanuelly Varea Maria Wiegert, Livia Costa de Oliveira, Gabriela Villaca Chaves, Flavia Fioruci Bezerra, Carla Maria Avesani
Summary: This study investigated the association between different skeletal muscle phenotypes and functional impairment, serum inflammatory markers, and survival in patients with incurable cancer. The study found that phenotypes with high-risk skeletal muscle index and high-risk skeletal muscle radiodensity were associated with worse functional impairment and inflammation, and high-risk skeletal muscle radiodensity was associated with increased mortality risk.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yang Wang, Yuliuming Wang, Guodong Li, Hao Zhang, Hang Yu, Jun Xiang, Zitong Wang, Xia Jiang, Guoqing Yan, Yunxiao Liu, Chunlin Wang, Huan Xiong, Guiyu Wang, Hanping Shi, Ming Liu
Summary: In patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer, muscle abnormalities and malnutrition are strongly associated with mortality. Early identification and intervention of associated risk factors may improve patient prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Alessandro Paro, J. Madison Hyer, Timothy Pawlik
Summary: Depression has a negative impact on patients undergoing cancer resection surgery, leading to increased risk of postoperative complications, longer hospital stays, higher readmission rates, increased mortality, and significantly higher post-discharge expenditures.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano, Renate M. Winkels, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Carla M. Prado, Lydia A. Afman, Bette J. Caan
Summary: In patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer, adipose tissue radiodensity is linearly associated with all-cause mortality, while changes in adipose tissue radiodensity have curvilinear associations with risks of death. This suggests that adipose tissue radiodensity may be an independent predictor of survival in CRC patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tong Gan, Kurt B. Schaberg, Daheng He, Akila Mansour, Harit Kapoor, Chi Wang, B. Mark Evers, Therese J. Bocklage
Summary: In this cohort study, a novel association between high TB grade and obesity was found. The association could reflect a systemic condition (ie, obesity) locally influencing aggressive growth (ie, high TB) in colon cancer.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kira Scheerman, Carel G. M. Meskers, Sjors Verlaan, Andrea B. Maier
Summary: This study found that older patients hospitalized with sarcopenia or probable sarcopenia at admission had a higher risk of long-term mortality. Low handgrip strength, skeletal muscle mass index, and appendicular lean mass were also associated with an increased risk of mortality. The associations of handgrip strength and muscle mass with mortality were influenced by sex.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Masatsugu Ohara, Goki Suda, Risako Kohya, Takashi Sasaki, Tomoka Yoda, Sonoe Yoshida, Qingjie Fu, Zijian Yang, Shunichi Hosoda, Osamu Maehara, Shunsuke Ohnishi, Yoshimasa Tokuchi, Takashi Kitagataya, Naoki Kawagishi, Masato Nakai, Takuya Sho, Mitsuteru Natsuizaka, Koji Ogawa, Naoya Sakamoto
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prognostic implications of muscle atrophy and high subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The results showed that both muscle atrophy and high subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity were significantly associated with poor prognosis in these patients, with the worst prognosis observed in patients with both muscle atrophy and high subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christina A. Fleming, Emer P. O'Connell, Richard G. Kavanagh, Donal P. O'Leary, Maria Twomey, Mark A. Corrigan, Jiang H. Wang, Michael M. Maher, Owen J. O'Connor, Henry P. Redmond
Summary: The study reveals a correlation between body composition and prognosis in colon cancer patients, with low skeletal muscle area and high visceral fat ratio leading to poor outcomes. Changes in the expression of related inflammatory factors may influence the survival rates of colon cancer patients.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Huan-Huan Zhou, Yuxiao Liao, Zhao Peng, Fang Liu, Qi Wang, Wei Yang
Summary: This study examines the relationship between muscle wasting and mortality risk, finding that muscle wasting is associated with higher risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, cancer mortality, and respiratory disease mortality. Early detection and treatment of muscle wasting may be crucial for reducing mortality risk and promoting healthy longevity.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nicole Kiss, Carla M. Prado, Robin M. Daly, Linda Denehy, Lara Edbrooke, Brenton J. Baguley, Steve F. Fraser, Abbas Khosravi, Gavin Abbott
Summary: This study compared the prevalence of low muscle mass, malnutrition, and sarcopenia in cancer patients from the UK Biobank, and explored the influence of different methods of adjusting muscle mass estimates. The study found that all conditions were associated with increased mortality risk. Adjusting muscle mass for body mass index identified more cases in obese participants.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Youn Huh, Ki Young Son
Summary: This study found a significant association between low muscle mass and lower protein intake among Korean adults. The prevalence of low muscle mass increased with lower protein intake, and this association was stronger in younger individuals, men, and individuals without hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
Article
Orthopedics
Fatemeh Baghbani-Naghadehi, Susan Armijo-Olivo, Carla M. Prado, Linda J. Woodhouse
Summary: This study investigated the association between obesity, comorbidities, and peri/postoperative complications in patients who underwent TKA surgery. The findings showed that patients with higher BMI or comorbidities were more likely to experience complications, particularly diabetes, pulmonary embolism, and wound infection.
JOURNAL OF KNEE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Kelly C. Young-Wolff, G. Thomas Ray, Stacey E. Alexeeff, Neal Benowitz, Sara R. Adams, Monique B. Does, Nancy Goler, Deborah Ansley, Amy Conway, Lyndsay A. Avalos
Summary: This study found an association between cannabis use in pregnant individuals and a reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fabiana Lascala, Bruna Karoline da Silva Moraes, Maria Carolina Santos Mendes, Mariluce Barbosa de Carvalho, Sandra Regina Branbilla, Ademar Dantas da Cunha Junior, Luiz Roberto Lopes, Nelson Adami Andreollo, Ligia Traldi Macedo, Carla M. Prado, Jose Barreto Campello Carvalheira
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between systemic inflammation and myosteatosis upon diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC) and their predictive role in survival outcomes. The study found that patients with low skeletal muscle radiodensity were more likely to be older, have a higher body mass index, and have diabetes. High skeletal muscle radiodensity was associated with better disease-free survival and overall survival. Patients with a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 2.3 and myosteatosis had the worst survival outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amy A. Kirkham, Katherine L. Ford, Bruna Ramos Da Silva, Jordan Topolnyski, Carla M. Prado, Anil A. Joy, D. Ian Paterson, Normand Boule, Edith Pituskin, Mark J. Haykowsky, Richard B. Thompson
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of telephone-based delivery of weekday-only time-restricted eating. The results showed that telephone-delivered weekday TRE was a feasible, acceptable, low-symptom, and low-cost intervention. However, despite clinically relevant changes occurring within individual participants, there were no significant changes in overall metabolic syndrome, lipid profile, or hemoglobin A(1c) and no changes in hepatic steatosis and thigh myosteatosis. Dietary intake changes included reduced energy and protein, while physical activity and sleep did not change.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bruna Ramos da Silva, Camila E. Orsso, Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Juliana Maria Faccioli Sicchieri, Mirele Savegnago Mialich, Alceu A. Jordao, Carla M. Prado
Summary: Phase angle, a composite measure of bioelectrical impedance analysis, has been explored as an indicator of cellular health, inflammation, and oxidative stress. It has been shown to be associated with markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, suggesting its potential utility in early detection and monitoring of these conditions.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
En Cheng, Qian Shi, Anthony F. Shields, Andrew B. Nixon, Ardaman P. Shergill, Chao Ma, Katherine A. Guthrie, Felix Couture, Philip Kuebler, Pankaj Kumar, Benjamin Tan, Smitha S. Krishnamurthi, Kimmie Ng, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Justin C. Brown, Philip A. Philip, Bette J. Caan, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
Summary: This cohort study found that higher inflammation after diagnosis was significantly associated with worse survival outcomes among patients with stage III colon cancer. This finding warrants further investigation to evaluate whether anti-inflammatory interventions may improve colon cancer outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Maurizio Muscaritoli, Gil Bar-Sela, Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti, Borislav Belev, Jorge Contreras-Martinez, Enrico Cortesi, Ione de Brito-Ashurst, Carla M. Prado, Paula Ravasco, Suayib Yalcin
Summary: Early identification of malnourished or at-risk patients is essential for optimizing treatment success in oncology. The PRONTO protocol provides guidance for oncologists to identify and evaluate patients with malnutrition or muscle depletion and offers support options. Its adaptability makes it feasible for implementation in different settings and countries, particularly where specialized nutrition care is not available.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Montserrat Montes-Ibarra, Camila E. Orsso, Ana Teresa Limon-Miro, Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Emanuele Marzetti, Francesco Landi, Steven B. Heyms, Rocco Barazzoni, Carla M. Prado
Summary: This study summarized the evidence on body composition abnormalities and their relationship with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. The findings showed that body composition abnormalities were prevalent among patients, with lower muscle density and decreased phase angle being associated with higher mortality risk, while increased visceral adipose tissue was associated with higher risk of ICU admission.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katherine L. Ford, Claude Pichard, Michael B. Sawyer, Claire F. Trottier, Ilana Roitman Disi, Sarah A. Purcell, Sunita Ghosh, Mario Siervo, Nicolaas E. P. Deutz, Carla M. Prado
Summary: This study aimed to assess TEE in cancer patients, identify its predictors, and compare it with cancer-specific predicted energy requirements. The results showed that absolute TEE was higher in males, patients with colon cancer, and patients with obesity. TEE was lower than predicted requirements, indicating the need for improved assessment of energy requirements in cancer patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alyssa N. Troeschel, Terryl J. Hartman, Lauren E. McCullough, Isaac J. Ergas, Lindsay J. Collin, Marilyn L. Kwan, Christine B. Ambrosone, W. Dana Flanders, Patrick T. Bradshaw, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano, Janise M. Roh, Ying Wang, Emily Valice, Lawrence H. Kushi
Summary: The study suggests that post-diagnosis lifestyle in line with the American Cancer Society/American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines may reduce mortality risk for women with breast cancer.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nicole Kiss, Carla M. Prado, Robin M. Daly, Linda Denehy, Lara Edbrooke, Brenton J. Baguley, Steve F. Fraser, Abbas Khosravi, Gavin Abbott
Summary: This study compared the prevalence of low muscle mass, malnutrition, and sarcopenia in cancer patients from the UK Biobank, and explored the influence of different methods of adjusting muscle mass estimates. The study found that all conditions were associated with increased mortality risk. Adjusting muscle mass for body mass index identified more cases in obese participants.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Marilyn L. Kwan, Emily Valice, Isaac J. Ergas, Janise M. Roh, Bette J. Caan, Elizabeth M. Cespedes M. Feliciano, Tatjana Kolevska, Terryl J. Hartman, Charles P. P. Quesenberry Jr, Christine B. Ambrosone, Lawrence H. Kushi
Summary: This study examined the impact of short-term alcohol consumption on recurrence and mortality in breast cancer patients. The results showed that alcohol drinking around the time of diagnosis and up to 6 months later was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in obese women, while nonobese women may face a higher risk of recurrence.
Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
En Cheng, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Paul E. Wischmeyer, Danielle E. Bear, Mette M. Berger, Elisabeth De Waele, Jan Gunst, Stephen A. Mcclave, Carla M. Prado, Zudin Puthucheary, Emma J. Ridley, Greet Van den Berghe, Arthur R. H. van Zanten
Summary: Personalization of ICU nutrition is important for the future of critical care. Guidelines recommend low-dose enteral or parenteral nutrition within 48 hours of admission, with consideration for alternative routes when necessary. Indirect calorimetry should be used to measure energy expenditure, and protein delivery should be adjusted based on patient stability. Micronutrient evaluation and muscle monitoring are also important considerations in post-ICU nutrition. Further research is needed on specialized anabolic nutrients and rehabilitation interventions for post-ICU recovery.
Article
Substance Abuse
Kelly C. Young-Wolff, Natalie Slama, Stacey E. Alexeeff, Lori C. Sakoda, Renee Fogelberg, Laura C. Myers, Cynthia Campbell, Alyce S. Adams, Judith J. Prochaska
Summary: Based on a cohort study of over 2.4 million adults, the study indicates that current smoking is associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 compared to never-smoking. However, former smoking is linked to a slightly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but higher risk of severe COVID-19.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)