Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Raphael B. Stricker, Melissa C. Fesler
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 200 million infections and more than four million deaths worldwide. The safety and efficacy of novel vaccines are still in question, while alternative approaches to prevention have been overlooked. Despite controversy, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been dismissed as a pre-exposure prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Chang Song, Zesong Li, Chen Li, Meiying Huang, Jianhong Liu, Qiuping Fang, Zitong Cao, Lin Zhang, Pengbo Gao, Wendi Nie, Xueyao Luo, Jianhao Kang, Shimin Xie, Jianxin Lyu, Xiao Zhu
Summary: This article reviews the origins, structures, transmission characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prevention strategies of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the clinical characteristics and challenges faced by COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Olivier Paccoud, Florence Tubach, Amandine Baptiste, Alexandre Bleibtreu, David Hajage, Gentiane Monsel, Gianpiero Tebano, David Boutolleau, Elise Klement, Nagisa Godefroy, Romain Palich, Oula Itani, Antoine Faical, Marc-Antoine Valantin, Roland Tubiana, Sonia Burrel, Vincent Calvez, Eric Caumes, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Valerie Pourcher
Summary: In-hospital adults with COVID-19 did not show a significant reduction in the risk of unfavorable outcomes with hydroxychloroquine compared to standard care. Unmeasured confounders may have affected the results, suggesting larger controlled trials are needed to further investigate the role of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Harmanjit Singh, Prerna Chauhan, Ashish Kumar Kakkar
Summary: Amid the ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19, the effectiveness and safety of using hydroxychloroquine-sulfate (HCQS) as a treatment option remain uncertain and require further research data support.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Peter Kamstrup, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Josefin Eklof, Nils Hoyer, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Lars Pedersen, Therese S. Lapperre, Zitta Barrella Harboe, Uffe Bodtger, Rasmus Dahlin Bojesen, Kjell E. J. Hakansson, Casper Tidemandsen, Karin Armbruster, Andrea Browatzki, Howraman Meteran, Christian Niels Meyer, Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Mats Christian Hojbjerg Lassen, Jens D. Lundgren, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Jens-Ulrik Jensen
Summary: This study found that the use of hydroxychloroquine for non-COVID-19 indications did not reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elangovan Manivannan, Chandrabose Karthikeyan, N. S. Hari Narayana Moorthy, Subash Chandra Chaturvedi
Summary: The rapid spread and high mortality rate of COVID-19 have posed a global public health challenge. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were initially considered for the treatment of COVID-19, but their authorization was later revoked by FDA and WHO, emphasizing the need for evidence-based treatment protocols to address the pandemic.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nobuaki Mori, Mitsuya Katayama, Shigenari Nukaga
Summary: The study reports the effectiveness and adverse effects of triple therapy with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and ciclesonide in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The clinical condition of the patients improved within 5 days in response to the therapy.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Amin Gasmi, Massimiliano Peana, Sadaf Noor, Roman Lysiuk, Alain Menzel, Asma Gasmi Benahmed, Geir Bjorklund
Summary: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are considered promising agents against the new coronavirus, with antiviral effects demonstrated in vitro. These drugs can reduce immune reactions, inhibit inflammation, and potentially treat viral infections and related ailments. Studies are ongoing to determine their efficacy and safety in treating COVID-19.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kenneth Sands, Richard Wenzel, Laura McLean, Kimberly Korwek, Jonathon Roach, Karla Miller, Russell E. Poland, L. Hayley Burgess, Edmund Jackson, Jonathan B. Perlin
Summary: This retrospective analysis showed that the administration of hydroxychloroquine did not have any benefits on mortality in COVID-19 patients, which supports the recent changes in clinical trials discouraging its use in this population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marco Infante, Camillo Ricordi, Rodolfo Alejandro, Massimiliano Caprio, Andrea Fabbri
Summary: The clinical evidence suggests that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) does not provide benefits for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and may even increase the risk of QT interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias. The FDA has revoked the Emergency Use Authorization for HCQ and chloroquine for treating COVID-19. The effectiveness of HCQ as a prophylactic measure against COVID-19 still needs to be further investigated.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rajnish Kumar, Anju Sharma, Janmejai Kumar Srivastava, Mohammed Haris Siddiqui, Md. Sahab Uddin, Lotfi Aleya
Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 has had a significant global impact, with no specific treatment currently available, focusing mainly on preventive and supportive care. Researching available therapeutic options has become particularly important, with hydroxychloroquine being one of the more discussed treatment drugs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed S. Ali, Ibrahim M. Ibrahim, Abdulhadi S. Burzangi, Ragia H. Ghoneim, Hanin S. Aljohani, Hamoud A. Alsamhan, Jehan Barakat
Summary: This study examined the variable efficacy or limitations of Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, and Favipiravir in clinical settings. It was found that the efficacy of antiviral drugs against COVID-19 depends on their ability to achieve therapeutic concentrations in lung and intestinal tissues.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This article reviews the protective effects of vaccination and prior infection on severe Covid-19, and proposes future research directions.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qin Liu, Qi Su, Fen Zhang, Hein M. Tun, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Grace Chung-Yan Lui, Susanna So Shan Ng, Jessica Y. L. Ching, Amy Li, Wenqi Lu, Chenyu Liu, Chun Pan Cheung, David S. C. Hui, Paul K. S. Chan, Francis Ka Leung Chan, Siew C. Ng
Summary: By integrating clinical features and multi-omics data, the authors identified specific gut microbiome patterns associated with disease severity and development of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. These findings highlight the potential utility of host phenotype and multi-kingdom microbiota profiling as a prognostic tool for patients with COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Adam M. Spivak, Bradley J. Barney, Tom Greene, Richard Holubkov, Cody S. Olsen, Jordan Bridges, Raj Srivastava, Brandon Webb, Frances Sebahar, Ainsley Huffman, Christina F. Pacchia, J. Michael Dean, Rachel Hess
Summary: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, hydroxychloroquine was considered as a potential early treatment to prevent clinical worsening. However, this study found that hydroxychloroquine did not significantly alter the natural history of early COVID-19 disease.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Valeria Caputo, Martina Libera, Sofia Sisti, Benedetta Giuliani, Roberta A. Diotti, Elena Criscuolo
Summary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major global health issue, and the mucosal innate immune response and microbiota play crucial roles in HIV infection. The mucosae act as a physical barrier that can be compromised by the virus, leading to innate immune response, and the mucosal microbiota can influence the development of opportunistic infections. However, a proper characterization of mucosal innate immune response and microbiota is still lacking, and further studies are needed to understand their potential in vaccine development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Mattia Mori, Deborah Quaglio, Andrea Calcaterra, Francesca Ghirga, Leonardo Sorrentino, Silvia Cammarone, Matteo Fracella, Alessandra D'Auria, Federica Frasca, Elena Criscuolo, Nicola Clementi, Nicasio Mancini, Bruno Botta, Guido Antonelli, Alessandra Pierangeli, Carolina Scagnolari
Summary: Flavonoids, such as baicalein, have been shown to inhibit the key enzyme 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 and exhibit antiviral activity against multiple coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Elena Criscuolo, Benedetta Giuliani, Roberto Ferrarese, Davide Ferrari, Massimo Locatelli, Massimo Clementi, Nicasio Mancini, Nicola Clementi
Summary: Since May 2022, there have been reported cases of monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections in non-endemic countries, leading to the most severe outbreak described so far. Despite genetic variations in the current outbreak's isolated viruses, serum antibodies produced by first-generation smallpox vaccines have shown the ability to neutralize the current MPXV more than 40 years after vaccination.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Chiara Oltolini, Andrea Acerbis, Giorgio Orofino, Sara Racca, Maddalena Noviello, Stefania Dispinseri, Nicola Clementi, Simona Piemontese, Elisabetta Xue, Fabio Giglio, Maria Teresa Lupo Stanghellini, Elisa Diral, Alessandro Bruno, Elena Tassi, Valeria Beretta, Ilaria Marzinotto, Gabriella Scarlatti, Vito Lampasona, Anna Ardemagni, Michela Sampaolo, Chiara Bonini, Consuelo Corti, Jacopo Peccatori, Antonella Castagna, Fabio Ciceri, Raffaella Greco
Summary: This report describes a case of a 34-year-old patient with active SARS-CoV-2 infection and high-risk leukemia who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Timely anti-SARS-CoV-2 preventive therapies and prompt management of transplant-related complications resulted in a favorable outcome.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Francesco Damin, Silvia Galbiati, Nicola Clementi, Roberto Ferrarese, Nicasio Mancini, Laura Sola, Marcella Chiari
Summary: Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, monitoring and tracking the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants is crucial for adjusting public health interventions. However, genome sequencing is not cost-effective and rapid. We have developed a microarray-based assay that can accurately detect known viral variants present in clinical samples by detecting mutations in the Spike protein gene. This assay can genotype the WHO-reported variants of concern (VOCs) in patient samples.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michele Lai, Veronica La Rocca, Elena Iacono, Carolina Filipponi, Alessandro De Carli, Domenico Favaro, Rossella Fonnesu, Fabio Filippini, Pietro Giorgio Spezia, Rachele Amato, Elisa Catelli, Baggiani Matteo, Giulia Lottini, Marco Onorati, Nicola Clementi, Giulia Freer, Daniele Piomelli, Mauro Pistello
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that lipids play a crucial role in viral infections by altering host lipids and interfering with lipogenesis. In the case of Zika virus (ZIKV), inhibiting N-Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) reduces viral replication and blocks virus maturation. This study highlights NAAA as a potential target for combating ZIKV infection.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
M. Tonelli, K. A. Knutsson, F. Buffoli, S. Carletti, F. Gona, E. Scifo, P. Rizzi, A. Prigitano, M. Sampaolo, N. Clementi, P. Rama, N. Mancini
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
M. Tonelli, K. A. Knutsson, F. Buffoli, S. Carletti, F. Gona, E. Scifo, P. Rizzi, A. Prigitano, M. Sampaolo, N. Clementi, P. Rama, N. Mancini
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marta Lo Conte, Martina Antonini Cencicchio, Marynka Ulaszewska, Angelica Nobili, Ilaria Cosorich, Roberto Ferrarese, Luca Massimino, Annapaola Andolfo, Federica Ungaro, Nicasio Mancini, Marika Falcone
Summary: The integrity of the gut barrier is crucial for regulating the interaction between the microbiota and the immune system, and preventing inflammation and autoimmunity. Administration of an anti-inflammatory diet to restore gut barrier integrity can prevent the development of autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes (T1D).
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Roberto Giambruno, Elsa Zacco, Camilla Ugolini, Andrea Vandelli, Logan Mulroney, Manfredi D. ' Onghia, Bianca Giuliani, Elena Criscuolo, Matteo Castelli, Nicola Clementi, Massimo Clementi, Nicasio Mancini, Tiziana Bonaldi, Stefano Gustincich, Tommaso Leonardi, Gian Gaetano Tartaglia, Francesco Nicassio
Summary: This study predicts and validates the host proteins that specifically bind to the terminal regions of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using the catRAPID algorithm and RNA-protein interaction detection coupled with mass spectrometry technology. It also discovers extensive post-transcriptional modifications in the viral RNA and highlights the significance of pseudouridine synthases in the viral life cycle.
MOLECULAR THERAPY NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2023)
