Review
Genetics & Heredity
Bruce A. Stanton
Summary: This brief review highlights the key role of noncoding regulatory RNAs in extracellular vesicles in facilitating inter-kingdom communication between bacteria and mammalian host cells. These RNAs modulate immune responses and bacterial interactions, demonstrating a novel mechanism of bidirectional communication. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of noncoding regulatory RNAs and microRNAs in extracellular vesicles on inter-kingdom communication.
Review
Cell Biology
Tamires A. Bitencourt, Andre M. Pessoni, Bianca T. M. Oliveira, Lysangela R. Alves, Fausto Almeida
Summary: The role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in interkingdom and intraspecies communication, particularly the regulation of RNA content, plays a crucial role in the host-pathogen interactions and infection outcomes. Understanding the RNA profile and its effect on recipient cells in fungal EVs will lead to improved technologies to combat infectious agents threatening human health.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Castano, Anna Novials, Marcelina Parrizas
Summary: Obesity and type 2 diabetes are linked to insulin action defects and alterations in beta-cell secretory capacity, potentially caused by environmental challenges, lifestyle choices, or genetic predisposition. Recent studies also suggest that gut microbiota disturbances can lead to obesity and affect metabolic function. Inter-organ and inter-kingdom communication mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. EVs found in edible vegetables or milk can influence gut microbiota and tissue function in mammals. Understanding this complex signaling network may lead to novel therapies for metabolic diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Zhongyou Li, Bruce A. Stanton
Summary: Microbes regulate host gene expression and immune response by releasing tRNA fragments, promoting chronic infection. Further research is needed to understand the specific roles and mechanisms of microbial tRNA fragments in host infection response.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kasun Godakumara, James Ord, Freddy Lattekivi, Keerthie Dissanayake, Janeli Viil, Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu, Omid R. Faridani, Kersti Jaager, Agne Velthut-Meikas, Ulle Jaakma, Andres Salumets, Alireza Fazeli
Summary: The study demonstrates that trophoblast-derived EVs have the capability to modify the gene expression of endometrial cells, particularly in the aspects of extracellular matrix remodeling and G protein-coupled receptors signaling. These alterations may play a significant role in embryo-maternal communication during implantation.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sreeram Peringattu Kalarikkal, Gopinath M. Sundaram
Summary: This study discusses the potential mechanism by which dietary miRNAs may enter systemic circulation through edible nanoparticles and exert biological effects on animal physiology. The controversy and importance of this theory, as well as its potential applications in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, are highlighted.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Siran Yu, Zhehao Zhao, Piliang Hao, Yan Qiu, Meiyi Zhao, Gang Zhou, Chengqian Zhang, Jiuhong Kang, Ping Li
Summary: Extracellular vesicles produced by microbes contain microRNA-sized RNA, such as sRNA71, which can be transferred into mammalian cells and regulate gene expression by binding to the mRNA of Tp53. This discovery suggests that microbial-derived extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in microbial-host communication.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yi Chen, Yansong Xu, Huage Zhong, Hao Yuan, Fangfang Liang, Junjie Liu, Weizhong Tang
Summary: Production and secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are common features of cells across all domains of life, with tumor-derived exosomes being key in reflecting tumor conditions and potential targets for oncological research. Bacterial EVs also play a role in GI tumors and chronic inflammatory diseases. EVs from both eukaryotic cells and microbes in the GI tract act as regulators of communication and could be important for tumor cell survival and drug resistance.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Monika Piwecka, Agnieszka Fiszer, Katarzyna Rolle, Marta Olejniczak
Summary: Recent research combines new technologies and methods from RNA biology and neuroscience, offering new opportunities to deepen our understanding of gene expression programs and their regulation in the central nervous system. This integration allows for the study of transcriptional heterogeneity in individual neural cell types, both in health and disease. The online conference NeuroRNA discussed these aspects and highlighted the increasing interest in RNA technologies in neurology.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Helena Sork, Mariana Conceicao, Giulia Corso, Joel Nordin, Yi Xin Fiona Lee, Kaarel Krjutskov, Jakub Orzechowski Westholm, Pieter Vader, Marie Pauwels, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Matthew J. A. Wood, Samir EL Andaloussi, Imre Mager
Summary: The study found that most miRNAs were secreted in the non-EV fraction, with over 96% of total miRNA found in non-EVs. Despite containing only a fraction of the secreted miRNAs, EVs were stable at 37 degrees Celsius in a serum-containing environment.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Abdul Fatah A. Samad, Mohd Farizal Kamaroddin, Muhammad Sajad
Summary: miRNAs are well-known for their regulatory roles in genetic systems of mammals and plants, acting post-transcriptionally to regulate gene expression. Recently, plant-derived miRNAs have been found to have the ability to regulate gene expression in mammals, sparking discussions among researchers. The transfer of plant miRNAs through diet and their ability to survive in the digestive tract, enter the circulatory system, and regulate endogenous mRNAs have opened up new possibilities for research and potential applications in dietary therapy.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
An-Po Cheng, Seomun Kwon, Trusha Adeshara, Vera Goehre, Michael Feldbruegge, Arne Weiberg
Summary: Extracellular RNAs are important in fungal-plant interactions, where small RNAs released by fungal plant pathogens and symbionts can manipulate plant physiology and immunity. This communication is bidirectional, with plants also releasing RNAs encapsulated in extracellular vesicles for defense and communication. Recent studies suggest that fungal EVs may transport full-length mRNAs into plants, which could be translated inside host cells. This review article discusses current understanding of extracellular RNAs released by plant-associated fungi and explores novel strategies for crop protection against fungal pathogens.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhenqing Zhao, Lianjie Wang, Jiahui Miao, Ziyan Zhang, Jingqi Ruan, Lijie Xu, He Guo, Ming Zhang, Weichuan Qiao
Summary: Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can package and mediate signal molecules to regulate biofilm formation, promoting growth and changing structure of biofilms. OMV-mediated signals affect the composition of extracellular polymeric substances and lead to enhanced inhibition of other bacteria.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Biology
Bader Alshehri
Summary: Exosomal miRNAs play a critical role in cancer evolution, with the ability to transfer across species to affect gene expression. While plant miRNAs may impact human disease-related genes, the hypothesis of cross-kingdom gene regulation remains controversial due to lack of reproducibility in research results.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sukhbir Kaur, Abdel G. Elkahloun, Jennifer D. Petersen, Anush Arakelyan, Ferenc Livak, Satya P. Singh, Leonid Margolis, Joshua Zimmerberg, David D. Roberts
Summary: The study revealed that CD63(+) and MHC-I+ EVs from CD47-deficient Jurkat T cells are enriched in small non-coding RNAs relative to EVs from wild-type Jurkat T cells, and that these EVs have differential effects on endothelial cell metabolism, inflammatory responses, and angiogenesis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vida Kazemi, Sara Ahmadi Badi, Azadeh Manayi, Fateme Ettehad Marvasti, Mahdi Bagheri, Arfa Moshiri, Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh, Seyed Davar Siadat
Summary: This study investigated the abundance of two important Bacteroides strains in Iranian obese and normal-weight subjects for the first time. Although obese subjects had higher abundance of B. fragilis and B. thetaiotaomicron compared to normal-weight subjects, there was no significant difference in relative abundance between the two groups. The findings suggest that targeting the restoration of gut microbiota pattern could be valuable in controlling obesity.
JUNDISHAPUR JOURNAL OF NATURAL PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Parisa Shoaei, Hasan Shojaei, Seyed Davar Siadat, Arfa Moshiri, Bahareh Vakili, Sima Yadegari, Behrooz Ataei, Farzin Khorvash
Summary: The study assessed the molecular typing and phenotypic characterization isolates of C. difficile in burn patients with diarrhea in Isfahan, Iran. The results showed that CDI remains prevalent in severe burn patients, with specific changes in the gut microbiome of CDI patients.
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Samira Tarashi, Morteza Karimipoor, Seyed Davar Siadat, Andrea Fuso
Review
Immunology
Samira Tarashi, Mohammad Saber Zamani, Mir Davood Omrani, Abolfazl Fateh, Arfa Moshiri, Ahmad Saedisomeolia, Seyed Davar Siadat, Stan Kubow
Summary: This review provides an overview of the protective and harmful roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from commensal and pathogenic bacteria in host-bacterial and interbacterial interactions. Bacterial EVs have important impacts on human health and metabolic homeostasis by regulating microbiota-host crosstalk and intestinal homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hojat Dehghanbanadaki, Hossein Aazami, Hanieh Sadat Ejtahed, Ahmad Sohrabi, Shahrbanoo Keshavarz Azizi Raftar, Samira Tarashi, Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, Golnaz Bahramali, Seyed Davar Siadat, Ensieh Nasli Esfahani, Farideh Razi
Summary: The research on the relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM has exponentially grown in the past decade, revealing the anti-diabetic effects of interventions through alteration of gut microbiota. Studies suggest that obesity alongside T2DM may share similar pathways mediated by gut microbiota.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Samira Tarashi, Seyed Davar Siadat, Abolfazl Fateh
Summary: The mortality incidence from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections has been increasing globally. Highly resistant NTM to antibiotics and disinfectants have emerged, making it difficult to control and treat infections. Further studies are crucial to uncover this association.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Virology
Sara Ahmadi Badi, Shohreh Khatami, Seyed Davar Siadat
Article
Immunology
Sara Ahmadi Badi, Amin Malek, Alessandro Paolini, Mahya Rouhollahi Masoumi, Seyed Amirhesam Seyedi, Amir Amanzadeh, Andrea Masotti, Shohreh Khatami, Seyed Davar Siadat
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of A. muciniphila, F. prausnitzii, B. thetaiotaomicron, and B. fragilis and their postbiotics to reduce the expression of ACE, AGTR1, and ACE2 genes in COVID-19 patients through experimental and bioinformatic analyses. These findings suggest the importance of considering gut microbiota intervention when designing therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Laya Zoghi Mofrad, Abolfazl Fateh, Fattah Sotoodehnejadnematalahi, Dariush Norouzian Sham Asbi, Seyed Davar Siadat
Summary: Probiotics such as A. muciniphila and its outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) play an important role in immunomodulation by regulating dendritic cell (DC) maturation and inducing tolerogenic DCs. These probiotics also affect the expression of microRNAs involved in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amin Malek, Sara Ahmadi Badi, Gilda Karimi, Tania Bizouarn, Saeed Irian, Seyed Davar Siadat
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Bacteroides fragilis and its derivatives on the expression of genes related to the endocannabinoid system and the epithelial barrier permeability. The results showed that heat-inactivated B. fragilis induced the expression of cnr1, pparg, and tjp1 genes, while suppressing the faah gene expression. In contrast, live B. fragilis had the opposite effects. Outer membrane vesicles increased pparg and tjp1 gene expression by reducing the activity of the endocannabinoid system. Treatment with cell-free supernatants resulted in increased expression of pparg and ocln genes, and decreased expression of cnr1 gene. Overall, this study suggests that B. fragilis and its derivatives have potential beneficial effects on the permeability of the gut barrier.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)