Article
Engineering, Environmental
Irati Garcia, Laura Santamaria, Gartzen Lopez, Javier Bilbao, Martin Olazar, Maider Amutio, Maite Artetxe
Summary: This study analyzes the production of hydrogen gas through biomass pyrolysis and catalytic reforming. By optimizing process parameters and utilizing a two-step reaction system, the researchers were able to achieve higher hydrogen yields by adjusting the equivalence ratio.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuhan Peng, Xianwei Hao, Qijie Qi, Xiaodong Tang, Yanfei Mu, Lili Zhang, Fu Liao, Haifeng Li, Yudong Shen, Fangqi Du, Kun Luo, Hui Wang
Summary: The presence of oxygen in the pyrolysis system affects the removal of oxygen and hydrogen during biomass pyrolysis, promoting the generation of aromatic char structures with more ordered and larger aromatic crystallite sizes. Oxygen influences the relative content of volatile and semivolatile products, but not their types.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Guanqun Luo, Weimin Wang, Yuan Zhao, Xuan Tao, Wen Xie, Kaige Wang
Summary: Autothermal pyrolysis of pinewood under different oxygen concentrations was studied in this work. The addition of oxygen significantly decreased the selectivity of anhydrosugars in bio-oil. Micropores formation in the char was enhanced in the autothermal pyrolysis, and the BET surface area of char obtained under 10% O-2 was 21.9045 m(2).g(-1). The results obtained from this study provide systematic and precise fundamental information for biomass autothermal pyrolysis scale-up.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Caudle, Victor D. Brandao, Maximilian B. Gorensek, Chau-Chyun Chen
Summary: A model for fluidized-bed pyrolysis of biomass is extended to simulate intensified autothermal operation. By replacing the external heat source with partial oxidation of char and pyrolysate species, the throughput of a given reactor is significantly increased. Experimental results show that the biomass throughput can be increased by about 3 times with minimal loss of valuable products.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wen Fu, Xiaowei Bai, Yalkunjan Tursun, Qing Liu, Bo Li, Zhenghua Dai, Yunpeng Zhao, Xian Li, Li Guo, Jian Li
Summary: Introducing a small amount of oxygen into the inert carrier gas can cause partial oxidation reaction and change the composition and distribution of biomass pyrolysis products. The oxygen concentration greatly affects the balance between oxidation and pyrolysis reactions. The study revealed the complex interactions among various parameters in oxidative pyrolysis.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiaodi Li, Bo Peng, Qingyu Liu, Huiyan Zhang
Summary: The study introduces a novel approach, microwave pyrolysis coupled conventional pre-pyrolysis (MCCP), to dispose of stalks and obtain syngas and biochar. The impacts of preheating temperature on pyrolysis property and product characteristics were investigated, revealing that MCCP had better performance and efficiency compared to MAP.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Dadi Suriapparao, Ravi Tejasvi
Summary: Pyrolysis is a thermochemical conversion platform that converts biomass and plastics into value-added products. This review focuses on understanding the role of different parameters, such as feedstock composition, heating rate, reaction temperature, residence time, feedstock particle size, and type of pyrolysis reactor. It also analyzes the upgradation of bio-oil using physical and catalytic approaches, as well as the synergistic effects of co-pyrolysis and catalytic co-pyrolysis. The review discusses the use of microwave heating and the role of metal oxide and zeolite catalysts in hydrocarbon and oxygenate formation. Future promising approaches include pyrolysis-combustion combination, microwave hybrid heating, and continuous catalytic co-pyrolysis. This review fills the research gap in understanding pyrolysis process parameters and waste valorization using microwave-assisted pyrolysis, co-pyrolysis, and catalytic co-pyrolysis technologies. It also provides insights into the effective utilization of biomass and plastic waste.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Oluwafemi A. Oyedeji, M. Brennan Pecha, Charles E. A. Finney, Chad A. Peterson, Ryan G. Smith, Zachary G. Mills, Xi Gao, Mehrdad Shahnam, William A. Rogers, Peter N. Ciesielski, Robert C. Brown, James E. Parks II
Summary: Autothermal operation of fast pyrolysis is an efficient process-intensification technique that uses exothermic oxidation reactions to overcome the heat-transfer bottleneck of conventional pyrolysis. Accurate modeling toolsets are crucial for understanding biomass autothermal pyrolysis systems and supporting scale-up and industrial deployment.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lin-Lin Ma, Xiao Hu, Wu-Jun Liu, Hong-Chao Li, Paul K. S. Lam, Raymond Jianxiong Zeng, Han-Qing Yu
Summary: This study demonstrated a facile pyrolysis method to construct N, P-dually doped biochar materials from lignocellulosic biomass wastes, which showed excellent catalytic performance and robust tolerance to CO and methanol. The outstanding catalytic activity was attributed to the unique hierarchical porous structure, favorable electronic structure modified by the N and P doping, as well as a variety of defect sites induced by the N and P doping.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arna Ganguly, Robert C. Brown, Mark Mba Wright
Summary: The pyrolysis-biochar platform achieves carbon-negative energy by producing bio-oil and biochar to remove carbon dioxide. This study evaluates the economic and environmental performance of pyrolysis systems and finds that they have the advantages of low cost and high efficiency.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bhoopendra Pandey, Pratik N. Sheth, Yogesh K. Prajapati
Summary: Using CO2 as a gasifying agent in biomass gasification can increase the CO content and heating value of the producer gas, but it reduces the average temperature in the gasifier.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Dongbing Li, Lingyan Zhu, Franco Berruti, Cedric Briens
Summary: Biomass fast pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor with two key innovations produced dry bio-oils with low moisture and acidity, which can be used to produce wood adhesives meeting international standards by substituting up to 65-80% of phenol.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brandon J. Hathaway, Jane H. Davidson
Summary: Efficient solar steam gasification of biomass was achieved in a prototype molten salt reactor through stable operation in different modes, leading to high efficiency and carbon conversion values.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jian Cheng, Min Xie, Li Xu, Lei Zhang, Xiaohan Ren
Summary: The increased emissions of hydrogen chloride (HCl) from biomass combustion in utility boilers can lead to corrosion problems. Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of corn straw and lignite coal were studied to address this issue, with co-pyrolysis significantly affecting chlorine release from fuel. Oxygen was found to promote HCl release in moderate-temperature pyrolysis compared to pyrolysis under a nitrogen atmosphere.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shanhui Zhao, Wanjun Xu, Linghai Chen
Summary: The experimental results showed that the reaction mechanism of oxidative pyrolysis was complex and influenced by the addition of oxygen. Using a combination of logsig and purelin as the transfer function for the hidden layer was suitable for modeling. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) significantly increased the prediction accuracy of the ANN model.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bin Li, Jiazhen Tang, Xing Xie, Juntao Wei, Deliang Xu, Lei Shi, Kuan Ding, Shu Zhang, Xun Hu, Shihong Zhang, Dongjing Liu
Summary: Pyrolysis of wheat straw in Li2CO3-K2CO3 binary salt enhanced charring reactions and resulted in higher biochar yield. The structure of biochar showed different trends at different pyrolysis temperatures, with the C content increasing and the H and O contents decreasing at 450-550°C, and the decrease in H content and increase in O content and decrease in C content at 600-700°C. The enhanced activation effect of the molten salt at higher temperature resulted in the formation of more porous structures and enriching the biochar with O-containing groups.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yangyang Yang, Lei Shi, Jingkai Lin, Panpan Zhang, Kunsheng Hu, Shuang Meng, Peng Zhou, Xiaoguang Duan, Hongqi Sun, Shaobin Wang
Summary: In this study, a magnetic FeOx@MnO2@SiO2 micromotor with multiple functions was designed, which demonstrated its catalytic performance in the activation of H2O2/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for sustained motion and organic degradation. The correlations between catalytic efficiency and motion behavior/mechanism were also revealed.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhengxin Yao, Roufei Chen, Ning Han, Hongqi Sun, Ngie Hing Wong, Lusi Ernawati, Shaobin Wang, Jaka Sunarso, Shaomin Liu
Summary: This study investigates the catalytic performance of natural mineral manganese ore for peroxymonosulfate-based advanced oxidation processes. The results show that manganese ore enhances the degradation of phenol, tetrabromobisphenol A, rhodamine B, and methylene blue, making it a promising catalyst for in situ persistent organic pollutant remediation.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Qin, L. Y. Chen, Y. J. Liu, C. H. Zhao, Y. J. Lu, H. Sun, L. C. Zhang
Summary: The corrosion behavior and mechanism of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) produced CoCrW were studied in a 0.9 wt% NaCl solution with a pH of 2. It was found that the corrosion resistance of the alloy increased after 28 days of immersion due to the formation of an oxide film, resulting in an increased corrosion potential and a decreased passivation current density. The corrosion mechanism of L-PBF-produced CoCrW could be explained by the formation and dissolution of the oxide film, leading to the shrinkage of the melt pools formed during the laser melting process.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xinyuan Xu, Jinqiang Zhang, Hong Wu, Lei Shi, Jie Zhang, Kuan Ding, Shu Zhang, Shuaijun Wang, Shaobin Wang, Hongqi Sun
Summary: In this study, the concentration and position of sulfur vacancies in ultrathin ZnIn2S4 nanosheets were successfully controlled to optimize the photo-driven lignin model reforming process, leading to excellent selectivity for hydrogen and chemical monomers. The proton migration pathway was modulated through sulfur vacancy engineering, achieving high concentrations of sulfur vacancies in the bulk and on the surface of ZnIn2S4. This provides new mechanistic insights into biomass photoreforming and elucidates the structure/chemistry-catalysis correlation of ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts, which are crucial for photocatalyst design and solar fuel production.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xinyu Xiong, Kai Gao, Jie Mu, Changquan Ji, Bin Li, Dan Zhang, Yadong Xu, Lifeng Xie
Summary: During the production of magnesium products, the accumulation of powder can easily lead to the derivation of hydrogen under humid conditions, forming a hybrid explosion system. The effect of powder layer thickness on the maximum explosion pressure and flame development process of unmixed magnesium powder/hydrogen hybrids was studied. The experiment showed that the damage caused by hybrid explosions was significantly greater than that of single-phase hydrogen, and increased with the increase of powder layer thickness. Interestingly, the explosion pressure of hybrids on the weak surface of the device was larger than that on the closed side, and the flame release temperature was significantly increased.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuchen Jiang, Chao Li, Lijun Zhang, Mengjiao Fan, Shu Zhang, Wenran Gao, Bin Li, Shuang Wang, Xun Hu
Summary: Microwave pyrolysis drastically promotes gasification of volatiles, especially in wet banana peel, resulting in significantly more gases and phenolics. It also favors the cracking reactions of cellulose/hemicellulose and lignin, leading to the formation of biochar with better thermal stability and lower oxygen-containing functionalities.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Aixin Deng, Yue Sun, Zhanqi Gao, Shaogui Yang, Yazi Liu, Huan He, Jinqiang Zhang, Shaomin Liu, Hongqi Sun, Shaobin Wang
Summary: Carbon nitride is a metal-free photocatalyst with great potential for solar energy conversion and pollutant treatment. However, its photocatalytic performance is hindered by slow charge carriers due to the high symmetry of its structure. This review presents the latest progress in creating an internal electric field (IEF) in carbon nitride-based heterojunctions to enhance separation and migration of charge carriers. The relationship between IEF and photocatalytic performance is explored, with suggestions for future research and challenges in IEF-driven photocatalysis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
W. Han, D. Li, X. Hu, W. Qin, H. Sun, S. Wang, X. Duan
Summary: In this study, the efficiency of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as photocatalysts is improved by fine-tuning the surface chemistry through selectively substituting surface carbonyl group (C=O) with phenylhydrazine (PH). The modified CQDs-PH show enhanced light absorption and separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, leading to boosted generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. Theoretical calculations demonstrate spatial separation of electrons and holes on CQDs due to the spontaneous surface polarization induced by PH functionalization. This research provides a feasible approach to enhance the photocatalytic activity of CQDs for sustainable water decontamination.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
N. Rafique, L. Shi, A. H. Asif, R. A. K. Hirani, H. Sun
Summary: Nanostructured transition metal oxides with tunable morphology were used as electrode materials to manufacture electrochemical sensors. A novel hollow porous Co3O4/NiCo2O4 bimetallic nanostructure on Ni foam was successfully assembled for monitoring 4-CP in aqueous media, showing excellent sensitivity, ultra-low detection limit, wider linear range, and reliable selectivity. The prepared sensor exhibited superior electroconductivity and abundant active sites due to its hollow porous structure.
MATERIALS TODAY SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rajan Arjan Kalyan Hirani, Abdul Hannan, Nasir Rafique, Lei Shi, Wenjie Tian, Haitao Wang, Hongqi Sun
Summary: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have shown great potential for wastewater remediation in recent years. Graphene-based composites have been widely used for catalytic oxidation, but the recovery and reusability of catalysts remain a challenge. To address this issue, researchers created three-dimensional graphene-based composites and successfully catalyzed the oxidation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), achieving catalyst recovery and reusability.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Chaoen Li, Jing Yang, Jiang Wu, Bin Li, Dongjing Liu
Summary: Nowadays, controlling anthropogenic mercury emissions is important due to their severe threat to the environment and human health. Co-based compounds, such as Co3O4 and CoSx, have shown great potential in removing Hg0 from industrial flue gas. While Co3O4 can act as both a sorbent and a catalyst, CoSx-based composites outperform Co3O4-based compounds in terms of Hg0 removal due to their faster adsorption rates, larger mercury capacities, and superior resistance to flue gas constituents. However, improving the mercury capture performance of cobalt sulfides at elevated temperatures remains a challenge.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jingyi Liang, Chao Li, Lijun Zhang, Shu Zhang, Kuan Ding, Shuang Wang, Bin Li, Zhenhua Cui, Yonggui Tang, Xun Hu
Summary: Co-pyrolysis of mixed feedstocks is a common practice, but the interactions between volatiles from different sources remain a challenge. This study examined the impact of volatiles from one feedstock on the biochar of another feedstock during sequential pyrolysis, and found that it reduced oxygen/nitrogen-containing compounds and heavy pi-conjugated components in the bio-oils, increased biochar yields but decreased bio-oil yields, and made the biochars more hydrophobic and thermally stable.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chao Li, Yuannian Li, Yuewen Shao, Lijun Zhang, Shu Zhang, Shuang Wang, Bin Li, Zhenhua Cui, Yonggui Tang, Xun Hu
Summary: In the chemical activation of biomass, directly mixing an activating agent and feedstock leads to poor activation efficiency. This study proposed the use of volatilized KOH to activate biomass by placing them in separate beds. The results showed that this method resulted in higher yield and better quality of activated carbon compared to direct activation. It also reduced environmental impact and improved material efficiency.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Dongjing Liu, Chaoen Li, Tao Jia, Jiang Wu, Bin Li
Summary: Metal sulfides show great potential in capturing gaseous mercury, with graphene-based metal sulfides exhibiting good performance. However, further improvement is needed.
