Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Inna Burakova, Yuliya Smirnova, Mariya Gryaznova, Mikhail Syromyatnikov, Pavel Chizhkov, Evgeny Popov, Vasily Popov
Summary: Obesity is causing many concomitant diseases, and new strategies for treatment and prevention are being developed using probiotics to modulate the gut microbiota. A study found an increase in Actinobacteriota and a decrease in Bacteroidota in obese patients taking lactic acid bacteria. Beneficial groups like Bifidobacterium and Lactococcus increased, while harmful groups like Faecalibacterium and Clostridium decreased. Modulating the gut microbiota with lactic acid bacteria may be a way to treat obesity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Khui Hung Lee, Jing Guo, Yong Song, Amir Ariff, Michael O'Sullivan, Belinda Hales, Benjamin J. Mullins, Guicheng Zhang
Summary: This study identified Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 as potentially associated with IgE-mediated food allergy using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and network analysis. Functional pathway analysis revealed enrichment of methane metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism in the gut microbiome of food-allergic children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ci Han, Zhaodi Zhang, Nana Guo, Xueting Li, Mengyuan Yang, Yahui Peng, Xiaohui Ma, Kaijiang Yu, Changsong Wang
Summary: Sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia can lead to changes in the intestinal microbiome of mice, with noticeable differences on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 post-anesthesia, showing reduced abundance and diversity; Metabolite changes may be related to the central nervous system; Intestinal microbiome diversity in mice showed a trend of recovery on the 14th day, but the abundance of different bacteria did not fully recover.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Patricia M. Oba, Janelle Kelly, Darcia Kostiuk, Kelly S. Swanson
Summary: Restricted feeding with specially formulated foods can promote safe weight and fat loss, and alter the microbiota of obese dogs. This study demonstrated the effects of controlled feeding on physiological indicators and gut microbiota, proving the effectiveness of restricted feeding in promoting healthy weight loss in obese dogs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qing Wang, Qi Wang, Lanbo Zhao, Yadi Bin, Li Wang, Lei Wang, Kailu Zhang, Qiling Li
Summary: The blood microbiome of PCOS patients showed significantly lower alpha diversity, different beta diversity, and significant taxonomic variations compared to healthy controls.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Betul Rahman, Farah Al-Marzooq, Hiba Saad, Dalenda Benzina, Sausan Al Kawas
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of body weight and periodontal status on subgingival microbiota. Significant bacterial biomarkers were found for body weight and periodontal health. Unique microbiota signatures were identified, and dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiota in obese and overweight individuals was associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease. This study highlights the importance of the oral microbiome and the need for lifestyle and dental interventions to restore normal homeostasis.
Article
Microbiology
Jason A. Rothman, Jenna L. Riis, Katrina R. Hamilton, Clancy Blair, Douglas A. Granger, Katrine L. Whiteson
Summary: Human oral microbial communities have significant implications for oral and systemic health due to their diversity. Understanding the differences between healthy and dysbiotic oral microbiomes is important, especially within and between families. This study investigates the changes in oral microbiome composition within individuals and the impact of factors such as environmental tobacco smoke exposure, metabolic regulation, inflammation, and antioxidant potential. The findings reveal differences in oral microbiomes between children and caregivers, with shared diversity but distinct differences, and highlight the associations between the oral microbiome and various salivary markers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei Yee Tiew, Oliver W. Meldrum, Sanjay H. Chotirmall
Summary: Microbiomics has made significant advancements in the past decade due to the availability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and multi-omic technologies. Integration of NGS and multi-omic datasets allows for comprehensive assessment of endophenotypes in chronic respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Valuable insights have been gained into the role of microbial communities in COPD onset, progression, prognosis, and treatment response. Identifying specific microbes and metabolic signatures associated with COPD can lead to new therapeutic interventions and prognosis-related biomarkers. However, the analysis and interpretation of the large amount of data generated by these technologies remain challenging, and standardized methods are lacking.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bo Liu, Chunjie Wang, Simujide Huasai, Aricha Han, Jian Zhang, Lina He, Chen Aorigele
Summary: Compound probiotics can regulate the gut microbiota community structure of newborn calves and reduce the incidence of diarrhea.
Article
Microbiology
Courtney R. Armour, Begum D. Topcuoglu, Andrea Garretto, Patrick D. Schloss
Summary: Colorectal cancer, a common and deadly disease in the United States, can be effectively prevented with early detection and treatment. The gut microbiome has shown promise as a noninvasive method for detecting colorectal cancer. In this study, researchers investigated the optimal taxonomic resolution for microbiome-based classification of colorectal cancer and found that mid-range resolution (family, genus, and OTU) provides the best prediction performance.
Article
Microbiology
Courtney R. Armour, Begum D. Topcuoglu, Andrea Garretto, Patrick D. Schloss
Summary: In the research on microbiome-based classification of colorectal cancer, it was found that increasing taxonomic resolution improved model performance, but performance started to decrease at the family level. This suggests that mid-range resolution (i.e., family, genus, and OTU) is optimal for predicting colorectal cancer from microbiome data.
Article
Microbiology
Yidan Cai, Ke Wei
Summary: This study explores the relationship between intestinal microbiota composition, transcriptome changes, and disease resistance in triploid Carassius auratus (3nCC). The results show that triploidization alters intestinal richness and the diversity of commensal bacteria. It also leads to an increase in the abundance of the genus Vibrio in triploid fish. Furthermore, differential expression analysis reveals changes in immune response-related transcripts in triploid fish. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanism underlying disease resistance after triploidization.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Casey T. Finnicum, Zahraa Rahal, Maya Hassane, Warapen Treekitkarnmongkol, Ansam Sinjab, Rhiannon Morris, Yuejiang Liu, Elizabeth L. Tang, Sarah Viet, Jason L. Petersen, Philip L. Lorenzi, Lin Tan, Joseph Petrosino, Kristi L. Hoffman, Junya Fujimoto, Seyed Javad Moghaddam, Humam Kadara
Summary: Research has shown that exposure to tobacco carcinogens leads to significant changes in the gut and lung microbiomes, which are associated with the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and immunotherapeutic response in human lung cancer patients. Loss of the bacterial growth inhibitor Lcn2 also results in widespread changes in the gut and lung microbiomes. These findings shed light on the role of microbial phenotypes in the development of tobacco-associated LUAD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paula A. Benny, Fadhl M. Al-Akwaa, Corbin Dirkx, Ryan J. Schlueter, Thomas K. Wolfgruber, Ingrid Y. Chern, Suzie Hoops, Dan Knights, Lana X. Garmire
Summary: This study found that maternal pre-pregnancy obesity affects the microbiome composition of the placenta, resulting in lower abundance and diversity in obese mothers compared to normal-weight mothers. The microbiome richness also varies by geolocation within the placenta. Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity may have implications for both maternal and fetal health.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Danielle L. Opetz, Patricia M. Oba, Darcia Kostiuk, Janelle Kelly, Kelly S. Swanson
Summary: In this study, the effects of restricted feeding and weight loss on body composition, voluntary physical activity, blood hormones and metabolites, and fecal microbiota of overweight cats were investigated. The results showed that restricted feeding and weight loss could lead to controlled and safe weight and fat loss, reduced blood lipids and leptin concentrations, and shifted fecal metabolites and microbiota. The findings also highlighted the importance of ingredient and nutrient composition in weight loss diets.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ilari Kuitunen, Johanna Jaaskelainen, Matti Korppi, Marjo Renko
Summary: Based on a meta-analysis of 4 randomized controlled studies, it was found that short antibiotic treatment (3-5 days) was as effective and safe as longer treatment (7-10 days) for community-acquired pneumonia in children in high-income countries.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Ilari Kuitunen, Marjo Renko, Terhi Tapiainen
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Ilari Kuitunen, Marjo Renko
Article
Pediatrics
Niko Paalanne, Minna Honkila, Suvi Mattila, Tytti Pokka, Marjo Renko, Terhi Tapiainen
Summary: This study investigated the duration of clinical symptoms associated with different respiratory viruses and the co-detection of respiratory viral and bacterial pathogens. The results showed that persistent symptoms were common, especially in children, and viral and bacterial co-detection may prolong the illness.
Article
Pediatrics
Suvi Mattila, Suvi Sarlin, Reetta Heikkila, Emilia Leinonen, Violetta Nurmi, Jonni Riikonen, Niko Paalanne, Minna Honkila, Heikki Huhtamaki, Tytti Pokka, Ulla Koskela, Marjo Renko, Terhi Tapiainen
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the association between detection of respiratory bacteria by multiplex PCR testing and clinical outcomes in acutely ill children. The study found that detection of atypical bacteria was significantly associated with an increased risk of pneumonia. However, detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae was not associated with the risk of hospital admission or prescription of antibiotics.
Article
Pediatrics
Marika Paalanne, Minna Honkila, Niko Paalanne, Suvi Mattila, Tytti Pokka, Marjo Renko, Terhi Tapiainen
Summary: This study investigated the social burden of nasopharyngeal detection of different respiratory viruses and the co-detection of viral and bacterial pathogens. It was found that co-detection of any respiratory virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx was associated with longer parental absence from work compared to the detection of viruses alone.
Article
Immunology
Mikael Hakkola, Pekka Vehvilaeinen, Janita Muotka, Mysore V. Tejesvi, Tytti Pokka, Paeivi Vaehaesarja, Anna-Maija Hanni, Marjo Renko, Matti Uhari, Jarmo Salo, Terhi Tapiainen
Summary: The mechanism by which cranberry-lingonberry juice (CLJ) prevents urinary tract infections (UTI) in children remains unknown. This study found that children who consumed CLJ had a lower abundance of Proteobacteria and a higher abundance of Firmicutes phylum in their urinary microbiome at 3 months than those in the placebo group. In the gut microbiome, the abundance of Actinobacteria was higher in children receiving CLJ. A healthy urinary microbiome may be important in preventing UTIs in children.
Article
Pediatrics
Jenni Turunen, Niko Paalanne, Justus Reunanen, Terhi Tapiainen, Mysore V. Tejesvi
Summary: This study found that the composition of the gut mycobiome in infants is influenced by the mode of delivery and exposure to intrapartum antibiotics.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Mysore V. Tejesvi, Jenni Turunen, Sonja Salmi, Justus Reunanen, Niko Paalanne, Terhi Tapiainen
Summary: Exposure to antibiotics at birth and Caesarean section delivery both affect the development of infant gut bacteriome. In this study, the relationships between bacteria and fungi in the gut microbiome of 140 infants from birth to 18 months were investigated. It was found that perinatal factors, delivery mode and intrapartum antibiotic exposure influenced the associations between bacterial and fungal species.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Johanna Jaaskelainen, Marjo Renko, Ilari Kuitunen
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the use of corticosteroid treatment in preventing renal scarring in children with acute pyelonephritis. The findings suggest that adjuvant corticosteroid treatment can effectively prevent the formation of renal scars. However, further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and potential risks of corticosteroids due to insufficient reporting of adverse events.
JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
