Article
Immunology
Matthias L. Braun, Markus B. Tomek, Clemens Gruenwald-Gruber, Phuong Q. Nguyen, Susanne Bloch, Jan S. Potempa, Oleh Andrukhov, Christina Schaeffer
Summary: This study confirms that Tannerella forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis affect the inflammatory response of the host immune system through different targets in the T9SS. The T9SS mutant of T. forsythia significantly reduces the production of cytokines and chemokines in human cells, while the opposite is observed for the T9SS mutant of P. gingivalis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Bing-Yan Wang, Aize Cao, Meng-Hsuan Ho, Derek Wilus, Sally Sheng, Hsiu-Wan Meng, Elissa Guerra, Jianming Hong, Hua Xie
Summary: The present study aimed to identify risk factors associated with periodontitis development and periodontal health disparities, focusing on differential oral microbiota. The prevalence of periodontitis is increasing among dentate adults in the US, posing challenges to oral and overall health. African Americans (AAs) and Hispanic Americans (HAs) have a higher risk of developing periodontitis compared to Caucasian Americans (CAs). The study analyzed the distribution of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavities of AA, CA, and HA participants. The results suggest that socioeconomic disadvantages, higher levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis, and specific types of P. gingivalis fimbriae, particularly type II FimA, contribute to the risks of periodontitis development and periodontal health disparities.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jie Zhang, Wenjing Li, Hongye Lu, Ruifang Lu, Yalin Zhan, Huanxin Meng
Summary: The level of platelets in the GCF of patients with periodontitis is higher than that of healthy individuals. Platelets can interact with periodontal pathogens and neutrophils, and promote the formation of NETs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Nidhi Medara, Jason C. Lenzo, Katrina A. Walsh, James A. Holden, Eric C. Reynolds, Ivan B. Darby, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson
Summary: The study found that changes in peripheral memory T-cells and red complex bacteria were associated with periodontal management and the reduction in bacteria.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Arwa A. Talakey, Francis Hughes, Hani Almoharib, Mansour Al-Askar, Eduardo Bernabe
Summary: This study developed a prediction model for identifying individuals with diabetes based on clinical and periodontal measurements, which, when combined with standard diabetes screening tools, improved the diagnostic accuracy. The addition of periodontal measurements enhanced the performance of existing diabetes screening tools, FINDRISC and CANRISK, showing potential for improved diabetes identification through dental evaluations. Further research is needed to validate the significance of specific periodontal indicators like missing teeth and pocket probing depth in diabetes detection.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Irina Miralda, Silvia M. Uriarte
Summary: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease where pathogenic microbial communities accumulate in the gingival crevice, challenging the innate host response. Neutrophils play a key role in defense against bacteria, but some periodontal pathogens have developed strategies to evade neutrophils and promote inflammation. Research on established pathogens like Tannerella forsythia and emerging pathogens like F. alocis may provide insights into mechanisms contributing to periodontal disease progression.
MOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fumika Kimura, Ken Miyazawa, Kazunori Hamamura, Masako Tabuchi, Takuma Sato, Yuichiro Asano, Shunsuke Kako, Yuki Aoki, Yoshihiko Sugita, Hatsuhiko Maeda, Akifumi Togari, Shigemi Goto
Summary: The study demonstrated that salubrinal can alleviate periodontitis by reducing alveolar bone loss and attachment levels, decreasing osteoclast numbers, increasing osteoblasts, and suppressing TNF-alpha expression in the periodontium.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
George Hajishengallis, Richard J. Lamont
Summary: In health, indigenous polymicrobial communities at mucosal surfaces maintain an ecological balance via interactions that promote their own and the host's fitness. However, destabilizing factors may disrupt this balance, leading to dysbiosis and periodontitis. Dysbiotic community is a quasi-organismal entity with constituent organisms communicating and displaying functional specialization.
PERIODONTOLOGY 2000
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu, Dorin Nicolae Gheorghe, Flavia Mirela Nicolae, Sandu Ramboiu, Petru Adrian Radu, Valeriu Marin Surlin, Victor Dan Eugen Strambu, Dan Ionut Gheonea, Alexandra Roman, Petra Surlin
Summary: Periodontal disease refers to chronic inflammatory illnesses caused by specific microorganisms, which affect the tooth-supporting tissues. Recent research shows that periodontal infection can worsen systemic diseases at distant sites, emphasizing the importance of oral health for overall well-being. Furthermore, there is evidence that periodontitis may promote gastroenterological malignancies through the transfer of infection-causing pathogens.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ana Maria Ramirez-Pena, Arturo Sanchez-Perez, Matilde Campos-Aranda, Francisco Javier Hidalgo-Tallon
Summary: This study assessed the effectiveness of ozone therapy as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in periodontitis patients. The results showed that ozone treatment significantly reduced the gingival index, improved clinical attachment, reduced mobility, and showed significant differences in subgingival flora. This suggests that ozone therapy is effective and well tolerated in cases of generalized chronic periodontitis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Scott C. Thomas, Fangxi Xu, Smruti Pushalkar, Ziyan Lin, Nirali Thakor, Mridula Vardhan, Zia Flaminio, Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran, Rebeca Vasconcelos, Adenike Akapo, Erica Queiroz, Maria Bederoff, Malvin N. Janal, Yuqi Guo, Deanna Aguallo, Terry Gordon, Patricia M. Corby, Angela R. Kamer, Xin Li, Deepak Saxena
Summary: The study found that the periodontal microbiome of e-cig users is unique, eliciting unique host responses. While some similarities exist with the microbiomes of both conventional smokers and nonsmokers, there are more similarities with that of cigarette smokers, indicating a unique periodontal risk associated with e-cig use.
Article
Microbiology
Scott C. Thomas, Fangxi Xu, Smruti Pushalkar, Ziyan Lin, Nirali Thakor, Mridula Vardhan, Zia Flaminio, Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran, Rebeca Vasconcelos, Adenike Akapo, Erica Queiroz, Maria Bederoff, Malvin N. Janal, Yuqi Guo, Deanna Aguallo, Terry Gordon, Patricia M. Corby, Angela R. Kamer, Xin Li, Deepak Saxena
Summary: The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) is becoming increasingly popular and is often considered a healthier alternative to traditional smoking. However, there is limited evidence on the long-term effects of e-cig use on oral health. This study found that e-cig users have a unique periodontal microbiome, which shares some similarities with both conventional smokers and nonsmokers but has more in common with cigarette smokers. This suggests that there may be a unique periodontal risk associated with e-cig use.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Norman, Carl Johan Drott, Per-Ola Carlsson, Daniel Espes
Summary: Irisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis that is found in human and rat islets. Its secretion is regulated by glucose, but it does not affect insulin and glucagon secretion. However, Irisin does reduce islet blood flow without affecting insulin secretion.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marcin Lenkowski, Kacper Nijakowski, Mariusz Kaczmarek, Anna Surdacka
Summary: The LAMP technique offers advantages in rapid and sensitive detection of multiple pathogens simultaneously, reducing the time needed for identification and assessment of periodontal status, which can be crucial in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Hillary N. Wright, Elizabeth T. Mayer, Thomas E. Lallier, Pooja Maney
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of using a periodontal endoscope versus loupes for scaling and root planing. The results showed that the periodontal endoscope was more effective in multirooted sites.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenyi Li, Feng Lin, Andrew Hung, Anders Barlow, Marc-Antoine Sani, Rita Paolini, William Singleton, James Holden, Mohammed Akhter Hossain, Frances Separovic, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, John D. Wade
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effective against drug-resistant bacteria and possess immunomodulatory activity. Dimerization of AMPs using bifunctional tethers enhances their antimicrobial activity, especially against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tamara Matthyssen, Wenyi Li, James A. Holden, Jason C. Lenzo, Sara Hadjigol, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have broad spectrum antibacterial activity, can modulate the immune system, but face limitations such as toxicity, lower activity under physiological conditions, and susceptibility to proteolytic degradation. Modifications to AMP sequences and multimerisation can enhance antimicrobial activity and specificity while reducing toxicity to mammalian cells.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wenyi Li, Sara Hadjigol, Alicia Rasines Mazo, James Holden, Jason Lenzo, Steven J. Shirbin, Anders Barlow, Sadegh Shabani, Tao Huang, Eric C. Reynolds, Greg G. Qiao, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson
Summary: Antibiotic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria is becoming a global health crisis, and the lack of new antibiotics necessitates the development of novel antimicrobial materials. The study demonstrates the preferential targeting and killing of Gram-positive pathogens by star-peptide polymers, with the eight-armed structure exhibiting the highest bactericidal activity.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Tao Huang, Xin Li, Michael Maier, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Daniel E. Heath, Andrea J. O'Connor
Summary: Fungal infections pose a serious threat to human health and the limited number of clinically approved antifungal drugs, as well as the emergence of drug resistance, increase the impact of fungal infections. However, fungal infections receive less attention compared to bacterial infections.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Nidhish Francis, Reza Sanaei, Babatunde A. Ayodele, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, David P. Fairlie, Lakshmi C. Wijeyewickrema, Robert N. Pike, Eleanor Jean Mackie, Charles Neil Pagel
Summary: The study found that administration of PAR(2) antagonist GB88 can reduce periodontitis and alveolar bone resorption caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis, possibly by inhibiting inflammatory response.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tetiana Hourani, Alexis Perez-Gonzalez, Khashayar Khoshmanesh, Rodney Luwor, Adrian A. Achuthan, Sara Baratchi, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Akram Al-Hourani
Summary: This study investigated macrophage autofluorescence as a distinct feature for classifying different macrophage phenotypes. The researchers constructed a dataset of 152,438 cell events and used supervised machine learning methods to detect phenotype-specific autofluorescence fingerprints. The results showed that this method can accurately classify macrophages into different phenotypes, with higher accuracy when fewer phenotypes are considered.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ignacio Jusue-Torres, Richies Tiv, Julio C. Ricarte-Filho, Apurva Mallisetty, Leglys Contreras-Vargas, Maria Jose Godoy-Calderon, Karam Khaddour, Kathleen Kennedy, Klara Valyi-Nagy, Odile David, Martha Menchaca, Anastasia Kottorou, Angelos Koutras, Foteinos Dimitrakopoulos, Khaled M. Abdelhady, Malek Massad, Israel Rubinstein, Lawrence Feldman, John Stewart, Takeshi Shimamura, Ludmila Danilova, Alicia Hulbert
Summary: The study aimed to assess the impact of MYO1E overexpression on non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and investigate the association between DNA methylation, RNA expression of MYO1E, and survival/mortality risk in NSCLC patients. The results show a negative correlation between DNA methylation and RNA expression of MYO1E in both LUAD and LUSC subpopulations. Late-stage LUAD patients had lower DNA methylation and higher RNA expression of MYO1E, while no significant differences were observed in LUSC patients. Low DNA methylation and high RNA expression of MYO1E were associated with shorter median survival time and increased mortality risk in LUAD, but not in LUSC. This study suggests that changes in MYO1E methylation and expression play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, particularly in LUAD, and highlights the potential utility of MYO1E DNA methylation and RNA expression as predictors of survival for LUAD patients. Furthermore, MYO1E DNA methylation could be used as a circulating tumor marker in liquid biopsies due to its low normal expression in blood cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rajni Verma, Suneela Pyreddy, Connagh E. Redmond, Farah Qazi, Asma Khalid, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Ravi Shukla, Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic
Summary: The detection and identification of biomolecules are crucial for modern medical diagnostics. A non-invasive technique utilizing the intrinsic fluorescence of biomolecules such as amino acids and proteins has been successfully explored. This optical technique is straightforward, non-destructive, and enables quick and accurate identification of proteins at an amino acid level.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rong Li, Thomas N. G. Handley, Wenyi Li, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Mohammed Akhter Hossain, John D. Wade
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is increasing and causing 700,000 deaths worldwide in 2020. Antimicrobial peptides are effective against drug-resistant pathogens and have a lower risk of developing resistance. Dimerisation of antimicrobial peptides through disulfide bonds can enhance antimicrobial activity and reduce toxicity.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fanyi Li, Tao Huang, Paul Pasic, Christopher D. Easton, Nicolas H. Voelcker, Daniel E. Heath, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Andrea J. O'Connor, Helmut Thissen
Summary: All indwelling and implantable medical devices are at risk of infection. Strategies that combine multiple layers of defense, such as a copolymer coating with antimicrobial selenium nanoparticles, show promise in providing effective protection against pathogen colonization and biofilm formation. The antimicrobial coating demonstrated low attachment of bacteria and additional bactericidal functionality against commonly found pathogens. It also exhibited effective inhibition of bacterial growth in areas where the coating had been removed. The research shows the feasibility of modulating the release of selenium nanoparticles from the coating and confirms their superior biocompatibility compared to silver nanoparticles.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shubhi Srivastava, Priyanka Gajwani, Jordan Jousma, Hiroe Miyamoto, Youjeong Kwon, Arundhati Jana, Peter T. Toth, Gege Yan, Sang-Ging Ong, Jalees Rehman
Summary: Chemotherapy can cause severe damage to cardiomyocytes, but it is unclear how the cells protect themselves. This study shows that cardiomyocytes initiate a protective response by moving mitochondrial enzymes to the nucleus when exposed to chemotherapy drugs. The protective effect is mediated by metabolite-induced chromatin accessibility and AMP-kinase signaling. The discovery of this adaptive mechanism provides a potential strategy to attenuate chemotherapy-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bruce Lin, Andrew Hung, William Singleton, Kevion K. Darmawan, Rachael Moses, Bicheng Yao, Hongkang Wu, Anders Barlow, Sani Marc-Antoine, Alastair J. Sloan, Mohammed Akhter Hossain, John D. Wade, Yuning Hong, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Wenyi Li
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential alternatives to antibiotics, and their attachment to lipid carbon chains can enhance their functionality in membrane interactions and antimicrobial activity. This study investigates the antimicrobial activity, oligomerization propensity, and lipid-membrane binding interactions of N-terminal lipidated analogs of MSI-78 (4-20) and pardaxin (1-22). Molecular modeling suggests that lipidation may confer greater structural stability and depth of membrane insertion to the AMPs. Experimental and computational findings shed light on how lipidation alters the conformation and functional properties of AMPs.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhe Sun, Li Ma, Xiaodong Sun, Alastair J. Sloan, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Wenyi Li
Summary: Dental implants are commonly used to treat tooth loss, but the failure rate can be high due to bacterial infections. As antibiotic resistance grows, there is a need for alternative therapies. Peptide antibiotics are promising coating materials for dental implants due to their broad spectrum activity and low risk of inducing resistance. This review summarizes the current strategies of coating antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) onto dental implant surfaces to enhance osteoblast growth and prevent infections, providing insights for future clinical applications.
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
L. Kiropoulos, T. Kilpatrick, N. O'Brien-Simpson, M. Berk
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Timothy L. Gialelis, Tze Cin Owyong, Siyang Ding, Wenyi Li, Maoxing Yu, Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson, Zujin Zhao, Jonathan M. White, Bicheng Yao, Yuning Hong
Summary: Exploring organic reactions to construct novel molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) features is an important branch of AIE research. In this study, a catalyst-free Diels-Alder reaction was used to synthesize AIEgens with a 1,3,4-triphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalene (ENAP) core. The synthesized ENAP derivatives exhibited AIE characteristics and were applied in latent fingerprint detection, cell imaging, and bacterial staining.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
