Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vanessa N. Ataide, Wilson A. Ameku, Raphael R. Bacil, Lucio Angnes, William R. de Araujo, Thiago R. L. C. Paixao
Summary: ePADs are an alternative to traditional portable analytical techniques, and pencil-drawing combined with CO2 laser treatment can enhance their performance by reducing resistance and improving electrochemical kinetics. Characterization using SEM, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy showed that the laser treatment promoted the restoration of carbon-carbon double bonds and removed nanodebris, resulting in improved electrochemical properties. The Pencil-Drawing Electrode (PDE) demonstrated good performance for furosemide detection and quantification in synthetic urine samples.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Lanka Tata Rao, Satish Kumar Dubey, Arshad Javed, Sanket Goel
Summary: Membraneless Microfluidic Paper Fuel Cells (MMPFCs) have the advantage of eliminating the need for membrane and external pumps, and can provide enhanced energy densities through optimized configurations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRECISION ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lucas C. C. Faustino, Joao P. C. Cunha, Welter Cantanhede, Lauro T. T. Kubota, Everson T. S. Geroncio
Summary: This study proposes a new method of using a 3D-printed pencil holder to fabricate paper-based electrochemical devices, aiming to solve the lack of reproducibility in hand-drawn electrodes. By keeping the pressure and angulation of the pencil constant on the paper substrate, this method significantly improves the reproducibility and reliability of pencil-drawn electrodes. The results demonstrate the high reproducibility and accuracy of the electrodes prepared with the 3D-printed support. This approach is believed to make pencil-drawn technology more robust, accessible, reliable, and inexpensive.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Iulia Gabriela David, Mihaela Buleandra, Dana Elena Popa, Mihaela Carmen Cheregi, Vasile David, Emilia Elena Iorgulescu, Georgiana Oana Tartareanu
Summary: With the ever-growing production of pharmaceutical compounds, there is a need for facile and reliable analysis methods. Electrochemical techniques are among the simplest and fastest instrumental techniques with good performance characteristics. The pencil graphite electrode (PGE) has gained increasing interest in recent years due to its inherent electrochemical and economic advantages. This paper reviews scientific reports published in the last 10 years on the electroanalysis of pharmaceutical compounds using disposable eco- and user-friendly PGEs in different matrices, discussing their characteristics, designs, applications, and performance parameters, emphasizing their advantages and limitations.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lawrence K. Muthuri, Livia Nagy, Geza Nagy
Summary: Recently, a novel chronopotentiometric method has been introduced for assessing antioxidant activity. The performance of chemically modified working electrodes made of different pencil materials were tested in this method. The stability and structure of the formed Meldola Blue film on the electrode surfaces were studied. Antioxidant measurements were conducted by controlled potential oxidation of the mediator and recording the open cell potential over time. The initial slope of the recorded potential was used as the analytical signal, showing the applicability of the pencil probes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lin Zhu, Xue Lv, Haihan Yu, Xiaoran Tan, Yumeng Rong, Weihao Feng, Lina Zhang, Jinghua Yu, Yan Zhang
Summary: In this study, a hand-drawing paper-based bipolar electrode electrochemiluminescence platform was developed for the detection of M.SssI methyltransferase. The platform utilized high electrocatalytic Pt@CeO2 as an ECL co-reaction accelerator and pencil-drawing graphite electric circuits as wires and electrodes. The platform provides a convenient, low-cost and easy-to-operate solution for early disease diagnosis and pathogenesis research.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Gulsah Congur, U. Ulkuye Dudu Gul
Summary: A novel voltammetric sensor platform was developed for selective, sensitive, and practical detection of phenol and phenolic compounds. By optimizing the experimental conditions, successful detection of phenol contaminants was achieved in various water samples.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ye Xue, Zihan Wang, Ankan Dutta, Xue Chen, Peng Gao, Runze Li, Jiayi Yan, Guangyu Niu, Ya Wang, Shuaijie Du, Huanyu Cheng, Li Yang
Summary: This paper introduces a new type of wearable electronic device that combines pencil-on-paper with a hydrophobic coating and stretchable kirigami structures to create a superhydrophobic and stretchable multifunctional sensing platform. The resulting sensor exhibits a large response to NO2 gas and is minimally affected by variations in temperature, humidity, and mechanical deformations. It can be used to detect temperature and electrophysiological signals and provide thermal therapy and electrical stimulation for various medical applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mukerrem Findik, Haluk Bingol, Arzum Erdem
Summary: Biocompatible hybrid nanoflowers were synthesized using amino acids and developed for electrochemical monitoring of DNA. Different NFs were characterized and their performance compared, with glycine NFs showing higher sensitivity towards DNA oxidation signals. Anticancer drug interaction with DNA was also investigated using the glycine NFs-modified electrode.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zaklina Z. Tasic, Marija B. Petrovic Mihajlovic, Ana T. Simonovic, Milan B. Radovanovic, Milan M. Antonijevic
Summary: Electrochemical methods offer advantages for analysis and detection of chemical compounds, with pencil graphite electrodes proving to be an efficient and cost-effective material for detecting low concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds like paracetamol around 10(-9) M.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Tiago Monteiro, Ana Rita Coelho, Miguel Moreira, Ana S. Viana, Maria Gabriela Almeida
Summary: This study presents a novel voltammetric biosensor for cyanide detection based on the inhibitory effect on cytochrome c nitrite reductase. Using commercial graphite pencil leads for electrode construction, the biosensor demonstrated a linear response to cyanide concentration with a sensitivity of 20-25% ln [cyanide mu M]^-1, paving the way for lowcost bioelectrodes as cyanide probes for on-site surveillance of aquatic environments.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junseo Kim, Dahye Ahn, Jingzhe Sun, Siyong Park, Yujang Cho, Sangki Park, Sumin Ha, Seongcheol Ahn, Yoong Ahm Kim, Jong-Jin Park
Summary: This study fabricates an electrode through frictional sliding on a rough paper surface, reducing roughness and resistance while improving electrode characteristics. The relationship between pressure and resistance during drawing on the electrode is quantified, and the electrodes formed by repeated drawing generate new characteristics based on the drawing direction.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Li Li, Lei Ling, Yajun Xie, Shuai Shan, Shaoyi Bei, Keqing Zheng, Qiang Xu
Summary: Counter-flow microfluidic fuel cell faces problems of non-uniform reaction rate distribution and poor electrode contribution. This study introduces a novel trapezoidal electrode design to improve its performance. Numerical analyses show that the isosceles trapezoidal electrode performs better than rectangular electrodes even at lower flow rates. The improved performance is attributed to the enlarged active region, reduced ionic resistance, and distinctive fluid distribution. Further optimization studies suggest that the isosceles trapezoidal design is preferred. Overall, the trapezoidal electrode shows promise for counter-flow microfluidic fuel cells and warrants further development.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Iulia Gabriela David, Dana Elena Popa, Mihaela Buleandra, Silvia Nicoleta Codreanu, Lorelei Croitoru, Laura Andreea Iordache, Hassan Noor
Summary: Ferulic acid, an antioxidant with multiple beneficial effects on human health, is of great importance in the food and cosmetics industry. In this study, its electrochemical behavior was investigated using a disposable and cost-effective electrode, and a method for its quantitative determination was developed.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mary Salve, Aurnab Mandal, Khairunnisa Amreen, B. V. V. S. N. Prabhakar Rao, Prasant Kumar Pattnaik, Sanket Goel
Summary: The portable 3D printed miniaturized bipolar electrode-electrochemiluminescence (BPE-ECL) platform presented in this study offers a smartphone-enabled read-out method for ECL signal analysis. With GMC/MWCNT nanomaterial-modified pencil graphite electrodes, the platform shows great electrocatalytic activity and can be used for multiple point-of-care biochemical analysis with excellent reliability and accuracy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Madhavi Bandapati, Prakash Rewatkar, Balaji Krishnamurthy, Sanket Goel
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2019)
Review
Electrochemistry
Prakash Rewatkar, Vivek Pratap Hitaishi, Elisabeth Lojou, Sanket Goel
ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Prakash Rewatkar, Madhavi Bandapati, Sanket Goel
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Prakash Rewatkar, Sanket Goel
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOBIOSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lanka Tata Rao, Prakash Rewatkar, Satish Kumar Dubey, Arshad Javed, Sanket Goel
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Electrochemistry
Lanka Tata Rao, Satish Kumar Dubey, Arshad Javed, Sanket Goel
JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Prakash Rewatkar, Avinash Kothuru, Sanket Goel
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
U. S. Jayapiriya, Prakash Rewatkar, Sanket Goel
Summary: This study established a simple, customized, and economical laser-induced graphene (LIG) material using a CO2 laser, integrated into a microfluidic device for Enzymatic Biofuel Cell (EBFC) application. The modified C-LIG electrodes showed improved performance and enzyme stability, generating higher power density compared to LIG electrodes. The novel platform provides a simple and quick fabrication method with potential for further optimization and improvements in power output.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dipankar Nath, Sarala Kallepalli, Lanka Tata Rao, Satish Kumar Dubey, Arshad Javed, Sanket Goel
Summary: This study presents a miniaturized, environment-friendly microbial fuel cell with high power density achieved through bacterial studies and optimization. By integrating IoT and cloud technology, real-time monitoring of device performance is enabled, demonstrating the potential for long-term operation of microelectronics sensors and portable devices.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Prakash Rewatkar, U. S. Jayapiriya, Sanket Goel
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Prakash Rewatkar, Sanket Goel
ECS JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sohan Dudala, Lanka Tata Rao, Satish Kumar Dubey, Arshad Javed, Sanket Goel
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2020)