Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 12, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu12072127
Keywords
short-chain fatty acids; BMI; waist-to-height ratio; fiber; gut metagenome
Categories
Funding
- NIH
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [R01-DK104371]
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) [R01 HD30880]
- NIH Fogarty grant [D43 TW009077]
- NICHD (NIH grant) [P2C HD050924]
- Sanofi [29230-50347-466001]
- Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards (NRSA) Genetic Epidemiology of Heart, Lung, and Blood (HLB) Traits Training Grant (GenHLB) [T32HL129982]
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Epidemiological studies suggest a positive association between obesity and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by microbial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates, while animal models suggest increased energy harvest through colonic SCFA production in obesity. However, there is a lack of human population-based studies with dietary intake data, plasma SCFAs, gut microbial, and anthropometric data. In 490 Chinese adults aged 30-68 years, we examined the associations between key plasma SCFAs (butyrate/isobutyrate, isovalerate, and valerate measured by non-targeted plasma metabolomics) with body mass index (BMI) using multivariable-adjusted linear regression. We then assessed whether overweight (BMI >= 24 kg/m(2)) modified the association between dietary-precursors of SCFAs (insoluble fiber, total carbohydrates, and high-fiber foods) with plasma SCFAs. In a sub-sample (n= 209) with gut metagenome data, we examined the association between gut microbial SCFA-producers with BMI. We found positive associations between butyrate/isobutyrate and BMI (p-value < 0.05). The associations between insoluble fiber and butyrate/isobutyrate differed by overweight (p-value < 0.10). There was no statistical evidence for an association between microbial SCFA-producers and BMI. In sum, plasma SCFAs were positively associated with BMI and that the colonic fermentation of fiber may differ for adults with versus without overweight.
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