Article
Oceanography
Leah A. Bergman, Mehul N. Sangekar, Mitsuko Hidaka, Dhugal J. Lindsay
Summary: We documented the fish fauna of the Kurose Hole, a submarine caldera within Japanese waters. Over a span of twenty years, the temperature at the caldera base increased from 11.1°C to 17.8°C. During the 2020 survey, over 1500 viperfishes were observed, accounting for 61.4% of fish observations. All captured barbeled dragonfishes were juveniles, suggesting their population originated from larvae trapped within the caldera.
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Baskaran Abirami, Manikkam Radhakrishnan, Subramanian Kumaran, Aruni Wilson
Summary: Global warming has various effects on ocean ecosystems, including temperature, acidification, oxygen content, circulation, stratification, and nutrient inputs, posing a serious threat to the metabolism and distribution of marine microbes and affecting the overall ecosystem functioning.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qihua Peng, Shang -ping Xie, Rui Xin Huang, Weiqiang Wang, Tingting ZU, Dongxiao Wang
Summary: This study reveals that the slowdown of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) under anthropogenic warming is mainly caused by remote anomalous buoyancy forcing in the North Atlantic Ocean. Surface freshening and warming in the North Atlantic Ocean slow down the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), leading to a reduction in ITF transport.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fabio Benedetti, Meike Vogt, Urs Hofmann Elizondo, Damiano Righetti, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Nicolas Gruber
Summary: The study found that with ocean warming, the overall richness of marine phytoplankton and zooplankton species increases, and their distribution shifts poleward at an accelerated speed. Zooplankton richness slightly declines in tropical regions but increases in temperate to subpolar latitudes. Climate change may threaten the contribution of plankton communities to ecosystem services.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abolfazl Rezaei, Khalil Karami, Simone Tilmes, John C. Moore
Summary: We investigate the potential impact of stratospheric aerosol intervention (SAI) on the spatiotemporal behavior of large-scale climate teleconnection patterns. Our simulations show that SAI effectively reverses the changes caused by global warming in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) indices. The dominant modes of inter-annual variability for all climate indices are projected to be preserved in both warming and SAI scenarios, but the dominant decadal variability mode changes induced by global warming in the AMO, NAO, and PDO are not suppressed by SAI.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kay McMonigal, Sarah Larson, Shineng Hu, Ryan Kramer
Summary: Mitigation and adaptation strategies for climate change depend on accurate climate projections for the coming decades. Changes to wind-driven ocean circulation amplify the rate of global surface warming by 17% from 1979 to 2014, in addition to the known contribution of radiative heat fluxes. Accurately simulating changes to the atmospheric circulation is key to improving near-term climate projections.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. I. Bertucci, J. Bellas
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the potential risk of the combined effect of global change factors and microplastic pollution on the growth and development of the sea urchin P. lividus. The results showed that exposure to decreased pH and microplastic caused a significant decrease in larval growth, while an increase in water temperature added additional stress, resulting in lower growth and altered development of the sea urchin larvae. The combined stress of ocean warming, acidification, and microplastic pollution may threaten sea urchin populations and have a potential impact on coastal ecosystems.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Juan Ignacio Bertucci, Carmen Veloso-Cerredelo, Juan Bellas
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate whether ocean-acidification and -warming could enhance the toxicity of pollutants on P. lividus. Model pollutants, such as chlorpyrifos and microplastics, were studied for their effects on fertilization and larval development under conditions predicted by the FAO for the next 50 years. The findings demonstrated that under global climate change conditions, embryos showed increased sensitivity to microplastics and chlorpyrifos, highlighting the potential severe impact on marine life.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hua Su, Yanan Wei, Wenfang Lu, Xiao-Hai Yan, Hongsheng Zhang
Summary: By comparing different datasets, this study reveals that global ocean warming has been continuously increasing over the past three decades, with more heat being absorbed by the deeper ocean. The OPEN dataset, reconstructed through remote sensing, shows a unique warming pattern in the East Indian Ocean.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lander R. Crespo, Arthur Prigent, Noel Keenlyside, Shunya Koseki, Lea Svendsen, Ingo Richter, Emilia Sanchez-Gomez
Summary: The Atlantic Nino is predicted to weaken in response to global warming, with a reduction in variability by the end of the century. This weakening could potentially impact climate conditions and seasonal predictions in many regions.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Marine
Emanuele Somma, Antonio Terlizzi, Maria Costantini, Madalena Madeira, Valerio Zupo
Summary: The successions of benthic communities are influenced by the first colonizers, such as bacteria, diatoms, and invertebrate larvae. The process is dynamic and can be affected by global warming and ocean acidification. However, the impact of these global stressors on benthic ecosystems is still poorly understood.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Damon Britton, Craig N. Mundy, Fanny Noisette, Christina M. McGraw, Catriona L. Hurd, Joanna Norkko
Summary: Research shows that crustose coralline algae (CCA) respond negatively to low and medium emissions scenarios of warming and acidification, and may be adversely affected by 2030 if current emissions persist. Significant declines in growth rates and increases in bleaching were observed in the high emission scenario. These findings underscore the urgent need to take action to protect CCA and the valuable ecosystem services they provide.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joao Morim, Sean Vitousek, Mark Hemer, Borja Reguero, Li Erikson, Merce Casas-Prat, Xiaolan L. Wang, Alvaro Semedo, Nobuhito Mori, Tomoya Shimura, Lorenzo Mentaschi, Ben Timmermans
Summary: The study shows that extreme ocean wave events are changing due to global warming, with increases in extreme wave activity in the high latitudes and tropics of the Southern Hemisphere, and widespread decreases in most of the Northern Hemisphere.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Violeta Ferreira, Maria D. Pavlaki, Roberto Martins, Marta S. Monteiro, Frederico Maia, Joao Tedim, Amadeu M. V. M. Soares, Ricardo Calado, Susana Loureiro
Summary: This study evaluated the biochemical and physiological effects of an antifouling nano-additive based on nanotechnology on the symbiotic coral Sarcophyton cf. glaucum. Results showed that thermal stress and exposure to biocides led to temporary coral polyp retraction and physiological impacts, especially when both stressors were present.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Michael M. Whitney
Summary: Coastal hypoxia is a growing environmental problem, and this study analyzes observational and projected data to find that coastal temperature and oxygen levels will continue to decline in the future, leading to further deterioration of coastal conditions. New hypoxic areas may emerge in high latitudes. Therefore, measures need to be taken to protect future water quality and ecosystem services.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
G. C. Johnson, R. Lurnpkin, Simone R. Alin, Dillon J. Amaya, Molly O. Baringer, Tim Boyer, Peter Brandt, Brendan R. Carter, Ivona Cetinic, Don P. Chambers, Lijing Cheng, Andrew U. Collins, Cathy Cosca, Ricardo Domingues, Shenfu Dong, Richard A. Feely, Eleanor Frajka-Williams, Bryan A. Franz, John Gilson, Gustavo Goni, Benjamin D. Hamlington, Josefine Herrford, Zeng-Zhen Hu, Boyin Huang, Masayoshi Ishii, Svetlana Jevrejeva, John J. Kennedy, Marion Kersale, Rachel E. Killick, Peter Landschutzer, Matthias Lankhorst, Eric Leuliette, Ricardo Locarnini, John M. Lyman, John J. Marra, Christopher S. Meinen, Mark A. Merrifield, Gary T. Mitchum, Ben I. Moat, R. Steven Nerem, Renellys C. Perez, Sarah G. Purkey, James Reagan, Alejandra Sanchez-Franks, Hillary A. Scannell, Claudia Schmid, Joel P. Scott, David A. Siegel, David A. Smeed, Paul W. Stackhouse, William Sweet, Philip R. Thompson, Joaquin A. Trinanes, Denis L. Volkov, Rik Wanninkhof, Robert A. Weller, Caihong Wen, Toby K. Westberry, Matthew J. Widlansky, Anne C. Wilber, Lisan Yu, Huai-Min Zhang
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Norman G. Loeb, Gregory C. Johnson, Tyler J. Thorsen, John M. Lyman, Fred G. Rose, Seiji Kato
Summary: Earth's Energy Imbalance (EEI) is the difference between global mean solar radiation absorbed and thermal infrared radiation emitted to space, mainly warming the ocean and affecting land, ice, and the atmosphere. Over the past decade, EEI has shown an increasing trend primarily due to decreased reflection by clouds and sea ice, as well as increases in trace gases and water vapor leading to a decrease in outgoing longwave radiation.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Gregory C. Johnson, John M. Lyman
Summary: This article discusses the statistical climatology of depth, temperature, and salinity in the global ocean surface mixed layer. The properties of the mixed layer are influenced by various factors that operate over different time scales. The depth of the mixed layer can change rapidly due to surface heating, precipitation, or density gradients, but deepening the mixed layer requires substantial buoyancy loss or strong wind mixing, which takes more time. The distribution of mixed layer depth is skewed positive, with temperature and salinity exhibiting different characteristics in different regions.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Gregory C. Johnson, Caitlin B. Whalen, Sarah G. Purkey, Nathalie Zilberman
Summary: Vertical velocity variances and dominant vertical wavelengths show regional variations, with larger root < w '(2)> and shorter lambda(z) in regions of rougher bathymetry or stronger deep currents.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Norman G. Loeb, Michael Mayer, Seiji Kato, John T. Fasullo, Hao Zuo, Retish Senan, John M. Lyman, Gregory C. Johnson, Magdalena Balmaseda
Summary: Satellite, reanalysis, and ocean in situ data were used to analyze the trends in Earth's energy fluxes during the first 20 years of the twenty-first century. The study found regional, hemispheric, and global variations in these trends, with significant differences observed between different datasets. The analysis also revealed agreement between the trend patterns observed in oceanic heat transfer and the difference between top-of-atmosphere and surface fluxes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jessica Blunden
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Gregory C. Johnson
Summary: A study finds a decadal warming trend in Antarctic bottom water within the western Argentine Basin, showing a similar magnitude but greater certainty compared to previous studies. The analysis also reveals a faster warming rate in the coldest water entering the basin than in the interior. The reduction in deep meridional temperature gradient suggests a decrease in geostrophic shear and the flow rate of the coldest water.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Celine Heuze, Sarah G. Purkey, Gregory C. Johnson
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
John M. Lyman, Gregory C. Johnson
Summary: The ocean plays a crucial role in the climate system by absorbing a large amount of heat and regulating global climate change. By using satellite measurements of sea surface temperature and sea surface height, we can improve our understanding of ocean temperature variations and the dynamics of ocean currents and fronts. This is significant for studying sea level rise, marine life impacts, energy availability, and the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Gregory C. Johnson, Brian A. King
Summary: The Zapiola Gyre is a large counterclockwise swirling ocean current in the Argentine Basin. It is driven by various factors, including conductivity and bottom friction. Data from the Deep Argo floats have provided insights into the structure and role of this prominent feature of the ocean circulation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Gregory C. C. Johnson, Felix W. W. Landerer, Norman G. G. Loeb, John M. M. Lyman, Michael Mayer, Abigail L. S. Swann, Jinlun Zhang
Summary: The global seasonal cycle of energy in Earth's climate system is quantified using observations and reanalyses. Closure of the global seasonal energy budget is achieved by limiting the local vertical integration of new global ocean heat content estimates to the depth to which seasonal heat energy is stored.
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Karina von Schuckmann, Audrey Miniere, Flora Gues, Francisco Jose Cuesta-Valero, Gottfried Kirchengast, Susheel Adusumilli, Fiammetta Straneo, Michael Ablain, Richard P. Allan, Paul M. Barker, Hugo Beltrami, Alejandro Blazquez, Tim Boyer, Lijing Cheng, John Church, Damien Desbruyeres, Han Dolman, Catia M. Domingues, Almudena Garcia-Garcia, Donata Giglio, John E. Gilson, Maximilian Gorfer, Leopold Haimberger, Maria Z. Hakuba, Stefan Hendricks, Shigeki Hosoda, Gregory C. Johnson, Rachel Killick, Brian King, Nicolas Kolodziejczyk, Anton Korosov, Gerhard Krinner, Mikael Kuusela, Felix W. Landerer, Moritz Langer, Thomas Lavergne, Isobel Lawrence, Yuehua Li, John Lyman, Florence Marti, Ben Marzeion, Michael Mayer, Andrew H. MacDougall, Trevor McDougall, Didier Paolo Monselesan, Jan Nitzbon, Ines Otosaka, Jian Peng, Sarah Purkey, Dean Roemmich, Kanak Sato, Katsunari Sato, Abhishek Savita, Axel Schweiger, Andrew Shepherd, Sonia I. Seneviratne, Leon Simons, Donald A. Slater, Thomas Slater, Andrea K. Steiner, Toshio Suga, Tanguy Szekely, Wim Thiery, Mary-Louise Timmermans, Inne Vanderkelen, Susan E. Wjiffels, Tonghua Wu, Michael Zemp
Summary: The Earth climate system is experiencing an energy imbalance, with continuous heat accumulation over the past decades. The majority of this heat is stored in the ocean, followed by land, atmosphere, and the cryosphere. The Earth energy imbalance is a fundamental indicator of global climate change and should be incorporated into climate monitoring efforts.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)