Article
Food Science & Technology
Yongshou Yang, Rikako Fukui, Huijuan Jia, Hisanori Kato
Summary: The study revealed that dietary supplementation with amaranth significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, and phospholipids levels in the liver, as well as downregulated the expression of lipogenesis-related genes. Amaranth supplementation also reversed the reduction in gut microbiota diversity and richness induced by a high-fat diet.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Aurora Garcia Tejedor, Claudia Monika Haros, Jose Moises Laparra Llopis
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Chenopodium quinoa's ingredients on the hepatic profile of major lipids and the functional differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages and innate lymphoid cells in mice on a high-fat diet. The results showed that feeding the mice with a low-molecular-weight protein fraction (LWPF) improved their ability to utilize fatty acids and reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, while feeding them the lipid fraction (qLF) had no effect on lipid accumulation. Therefore, Chenopodium quinoa's ingredients are advantageous for controlling hepatic lipotoxicity and promoting the expansion and functional differentiation of liver macrophages and innate lymphoid cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengting Jia, Yang Xiao, Caiyong Zhang, Tianyu Jiang, Yuxin Huang, Jiayi Gao, Yixing Li, Lei Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of mitoxantrone (MTX) on hepatic steatosis in broilers and demonstrated its lipid-lowering effect and improvement in fatty liver through in vitro and in vivo experiments. This provides a promising therapeutic strategy for treating fatty liver and excessive fat accumulation in broiler chickens.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Si-wei Wang, Tian Lan, Hang-fei Chen, Hao Sheng, Chun-yi Xu, Li-feng Xu, Fang Zheng, Feng Zhang
Summary: This study reported the inhibitory effect of limonin on hepatic lipid accumulation and fatty acid synthesis in HFD fed mice, and found that this effect was dependent on the activation of AMPK. The activation of AMPK by limonin was achieved by inhibiting cellular energy metabolism and increasing the ADP:ATP ratio, leading to the suppression of the transcriptional activity of SREBP1/2. These findings suggest that limonin may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Byungtae Hwang, Min-Gi Kwon, Min Ji Cho, Nam-Kyung Lee, Jangwook Lee, Jeong Woong Lee, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Kwang-Hee Bae, Jung Hwan Hwang, Jeong-Ki Min, Jong-Gil Park
Summary: This study highlights the critical role of PTP4A1 in regulating hepatosteatosis and glucose homeostasis. It demonstrates that PTP4A1 prevents the accumulation of hepatic lipids and regulates glucose uptake by activating the CREBH/FGF21 axis. Modulating PTP4A1 may offer a potential therapeutic strategy against hepatosteatosis-related diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge G. Garcia, Eduardo Ansorena, Fermin I. Milagro, Guillermo Zalba, Carlos de Miguel
Summary: This study suggests that endothelial NOX5 expression may regulate glucose sensitivity and lipid homeostasis in adipose tissue under conditions of high-calorie diet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Ferrigno, Lucrezia Irene Maria Campagnoli, Annalisa Barbieri, Nicoletta Marchesi, Alessia Pascale, Anna Cleta Croce, Mariapia Vairetti, Laura Giuseppina Di Pasqua
Summary: The endogenous antioxidant defense, regulated by HuR, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. HuR controls the stability of MnSOD and HO-1 mRNA, two enzymes that protect liver cells from oxidative damage. In an NAFLD animal model, downregulation of HuR was observed along with reduced expression of MnSOD and HO-1, which correlated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Targeting HuR could be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating NAFLD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Kate Seselja, Iva Bazina, Milka Vrecl, Jessica Welss, Martin Schicht, Martina Mihalj, Vjekoslav Kopacin, Friedrich Paulsen, Tatjana Pirman, Mirela Baus Loncar
Summary: The Tff3 protein plays a complex role in metabolic pathways and its deficiency leads to reduced lipid accumulation in the liver. Further research is needed to determine its precise involvement in metabolism-related events.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qiming Ma, Li Wen, Yanxia Tian, Liqin Ma, Zhangsheng Wen, Yang Kun, Mengping Xu, Xiaoping Liu
Summary: This study found that Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate (SSO) can effectively treat obesity and metabolic syndrome induced by a high-fat diet. By inhibiting the absorption of intestinal fatty acids, SSO reduces plasma levels of triglycerides and free fatty acids, and alleviates fatty liver induced by obesity. Additionally, SSO improves blood glucose and insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thuy T. P. Nguyen, Do-Young Kim, Yu-Geon Lee, Young-Seung Lee, Xuan T. Truong, Jae-Ho Lee, Dae-Kyu Song, Taeg Kyu Kwon, So-Hyun Park, Chang Hwa Jung, Changjong Moon, Timothy F. Osborne, Seung-Soon Im, Tae-Il Jeon
Summary: The study demonstrates that high-fat-diet induced SREBP-1c impairs autophagic lipid catabolism by altering H2S signaling, leading to hepatic lipid accumulation. This mechanism involves the reduction of CSE via miR-216a, which decreases hepatic H2S levels and sulfhydration-dependent activation of ULK1, contributing to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The findings highlight a 2-fold mechanism for SREBP-1c-driven hepatic lipid accumulation through regulation of lipid biosynthesis and degradation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiebing Liang, Janaiah Kota, Kent E. Williams, Romil Saxena, Samer Gawrieh, Xiaoling Zhong, Teresa A. Zimmers, Naga Chalasani
Summary: MicroRNA-29a (miR-29a) is a fibro-inflammatory molecule that is associated with liver pathological conditions. The effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with different levels of ethanol (EtOH) consumption on miR-29a expression and liver pathobiology were investigated. The study found that miR-29a was up-regulated with increasing levels of EtOH consumption and was associated with less severe liver injury. A high-fat diet and increasing concentrations of EtOH had progressive adverse effects on the liver, without any beneficial effects of low-dose EtOH consumption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qianqian Xu, Jiangcheng Ye, Mingxiu Gong, Yifan Zhang, Yiwei Yuan, Jin Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of theabrownin from Wuniuzao dark tea on hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet. The results showed that theabrownin reduced body weight and epididymis fat weight in obese mice and decreased serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and liver enzyme activities. In addition, theabrownin downregulated gene expression related to fatty acid synthesis and lipid production and improved gut microbiota composition.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Han, Mengyu Wang, Ruqing Zhong, Bao Yi, Martine Schroyen, Hongfu Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism through which the gut microbiota influences hepatic lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice. Gut microbiota depletion was found to reduce body weight, fat deposition, glucose levels, cholesterol levels, insulin levels, and leptin levels in these mice. Additionally, it inhibited excessive hepatic lipid accumulation and changed the expression of genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. The abundance of bacteria associated with abnormal metabolism and inflammation was also reduced. There was a strong correlation between the altered gut microbiota abundance and the serum cholesterol level.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shaza Asif, Ri Youn Kim, Thet Fatica, Jordan Sim, Xiaoling Zhao, Yena Oh, Alix Denoncourt, Angela C. Cheung, Michael Downey, Erin E. Mulvihill, Kyoung-Han Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates the impact of Hmgcs2-mediated ketogenesis on the development and treatment of fatty liver disease, suggesting that the regulation of hepatic ketogenesis may be a viable therapeutic strategy for hepatosteatosis.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mengyu Wang, Hui Han, Fan Wan, Ruqing Zhong, Yoon Jung Do, Sang-Ik Oh, Xuemeng Lu, Lei Liu, Bao Yi, Hongfu Zhang
Summary: This study found that DHQ improved lipid dysmetabolism in the body, especially in the liver, and was associated with altered gut flora.
Review
Cell Biology
Xun Huang, Xinhua Lin, Feng Liu, Gen Wu, Zhongzhou Yang, Anming Meng
Summary: Developmental biology research in China originated from experimental embryology, particularly focusing on aquatic and reptile animals. The growth of this field in China is closely tied to increased government funding and the recruitment of overseas talents. The flourishing developmental biology community in China encompasses various activities, national meetings, key research initiatives, and talented scientists. The first Development paper from China, published in 2000, marked the start of a new era, and the second decade of the 21st century has seen significant advancements in developmental biology research in China.
DEVELOPMENT GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION
(2022)
Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
David S. Ludwig, Louis J. Aronne, Arne Astrup, Rafael de Cabo, Lewis C. Cantley, Mark Friedman, Steven B. Heymsfield, James D. Johnson, Janet C. King, Ronald M. Krauss, Daniel E. Lieberman, Gary Taubes, Jeff S. Volek, Eric C. Westman, Walter C. Willett, William S. Yancy, Cara B. Ebbeling
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyi Huang, Ke Zhao, Mingyang Jiang, Dehui Qiu, Jun Zhou, Zhongzhou Yang
Summary: RHAU functions in resolving G4 structures in DNA and RNA molecules, playing critical roles in embryonic heart development, postnatal heart function, and ventricular chamber development. Its dysregulation is associated with noncompaction cardiomyopathy.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Giovanni E. Finesso, Ross A. McDevitt, Roshni Roy, Lauren R. Brinster, Andrea Di Francesco, Theresa Meade, Rafael de Cabo, Luigi Ferrucci, Kathy A. Perdue
Summary: Age-dependent differences in DNA methylation can predict age, but the presence of neoplastic cells may affect the accuracy of the epigenetic clock.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Shi Liu, Zhongqi Gao, Xuezheng Wang, Feishi Luan, Zuyun Dai, Zhongzhou Yang, Qian Zhang
Summary: A gene controlling the golden flesh trait in watermelon has been discovered and fine mapped to a specific region on chromosome 1. This gene, Cla97C01G008760, is likely responsible for the accumulation of beta-carotene in watermelon, which is important for addressing global vitamin A deficiency. This research provides insights into the genetic basis of the golden flesh trait in watermelon and its potential impact on public health.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Zhao, Zhongzhou Yang
Summary: In 2001, a new cluster of progenitor cells involved in heart development called the second heart field (SHF) was identified. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the contribution, signaling regulatory networks, epithelial properties, and spatiotemporal characteristics of the SHF. It also discusses the interactions between the SHF and other types of cells during heart development. Advancements in single-cell sequencing and precise lineage tracing are expected to enhance the comprehension of SHF function and its molecular signals, leading to clinical applications and the treatment of congenital heart diseases.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sara E. Espinoza, Sundeep Khosla, Joseph A. Baur, Rafael de Cabo, Nicolas Musi
Summary: The geroscience hypothesis suggests that targeting key hallmarks of aging can improve healthspan and prevent age-related diseases. Several pharmacological interventions, including senolytics, NAD(+) boosters, and metformin, are being studied for their potential benefits. Preclinical studies show that senolytic drugs improve healthspan in rodents, while increasing NAD(+) through supplementation appears to extend healthspan in model organisms. Metformin, on the other hand, has pleiotropic effects and is being examined for its potential to improve healthspan and prevent frailty in clinical trials. However, further research is needed to determine their efficacy, safety, target populations, and long-term outcomes.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jan Rozman, Zhongzhou Yang, Nadine Spielmann
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hongmei Luo, Zhongzhou Yang, Jie Li, Hengwei Jin, Mingyang Jiang, Congjia Shan
Summary: In this article, PDK1 was deleted in heart tissue using different cre to investigate its role in cardiac development and remodeling, and its relevance to congenital heart disease (CHD). Deleting PDK1 with Nkx2.5-cre resulted in prominent pulmonic stenosis, while deleting PDK1 with Mef2c(SHF)-cre led to severe hypoplasia in the second heart field (SHF). Deleting PDK1 with aMHC-cre resulted in dilated heart disease. Protein analysis showed activation of PI3K and ERK, disruption of PDK1-AKT-GSK3 and S6K-S6 signaling pathways, and altered phosphorylation levels of Akt, S6k, and Gsk3b.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen-Lan Yang, Weinan Qiu, Ting Zhang, Kai Xu, Zi-Juan Gu, Yu Zhou, Heng-Ji Xu, Zhong-Zhou Yang, Bin Shen, Yong-Liang Zhao, Qi Zhou, Ying Yang, Wei Li, Peng-Yuan Yang, Yun-Gui Yang
Summary: The RNA 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C) methyltransferase Nsun2 is found to play an important role in Th17 cells and promote colitis in a mouse model. These cells secrete specific cytokines IL-17A and IL-17F, which are regulated by RoR gamma t. Mechanistically, RoR gamma t recruits Nsun2 to chromatin regions of their target genes, leading to transcription-coupled m(5)C modification and enhanced mRNA stability.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jayanta Kumar Das, Nirad Banskota, Julian Candia, Michael E. Griswold, Melissa Orenduff, Rafael de Cabo, David L. Corcoran, Sai Krupa Das, Supriyo De, Kim Marie Huffman, Virginia B. Kraus, William E. Kraus, Corby K. Martin, Susan B. Racette, Leanne M. Redman, Birgit Schilling, Daniel W. Belsky, Luigi Ferrucci
Summary: Using high-depth RNA-Seq analysis, this study found that caloric restriction (CR) positively affects skeletal muscle quality in humans and alters the gene expression and splicing profiles of biological pathways affected by CR in model organisms.
Article
Cell Biology
Hitoshi Watanabe, Wen Du, Jinsook Son, Lina Sui, Shun-ichiro Asahara, Irwin J. Kurland, Taiyi Kuo, Takumi Kitamoto, Yasutaka Miyachi, Rafael de Cabo, Domenico Accili
Summary: Sulfonylureas are effective and affordable antidiabetic drugs, but chronic use leads to secondary failure. Cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (Cyb5r3) down-regulation is identified as a mechanism of secondary SU failure and can be successfully reversed. Cyb5r3 activators can rescue secondary SU failure and potentially rehabilitate SU use in diabetes.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Li, Hongdou Li, Xiaoying Yao, Dong Liu, Yongming Wang, Xinyi Huang, Zhongzhou Yang, Wufan Tao, Jian-Yuan Zhao, Hongyan Wang
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Magdalena Juhaszova, Evgeny Kobrinsky, Dmitry B. Zorov, H. Bradley Nuss, Yael Yaniv, Kenneth W. Fishbein, Rafael de Cabo, Lluis Montoliu, Sandra B. Gabelli, Miguel A. Aon, Sonia Cortassa, Steven J. Sollott
Summary: ATP synthase can utilize both Delta psi(m)-driven H+- and K+-transport to synthesize ATP under physiological conditions. The presence of K+ increases ATP synthesis rate in isolated mitochondria while also increasing oxygen consumption rate. The data obtained from purified F1Fo single molecule experiments are consistent with the functional data observed in intact mitochondria.
Article
Cell Biology
Magdalena Juhaszova, Evgeny Kobrinsky, Dmitry B. Zorov, H. Bradley Nuss, Yael Yaniv, Kenneth W. Fishbein, Rafael de Cabo, Lluis Montoliu, Sandra B. Gabelli, Miguel A. Aon, Sonia Cortassa, Steven J. Sollott
Summary: ATP synthase serves as the primary way for K+ to enter mitochondria, and its activity can be upregulated by endogenous survival-related proteins via IF1. The interaction between IF1 and Bcl-xL or Mcl-1 enhances ATP synthase's efficiency and limits ischemia-reperfusion injury.