Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 12, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v12070727
Keywords
CH25H; 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC); lipid metabolism; broadly antiviral drug; emerging infectious diseases
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81971927]
- National Science and Technology Major Project of China [2018ZX10731101-002]
- Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen City [20190804095916056]
- High Level Project of Medicine in Longhua, Shenzhen [HLPM201907020105]
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With the frequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases in recent years, an effective broad-spectrum antiviral drug is becoming an urgent need for global public health. Cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) and its enzymatic products 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a well-known oxysterol that regulates lipid metabolism, have been reported to play multiple functions in modulating cholesterol homeostasis, inflammation, and immune responses. CH25H and 25HC were recently identified as exerting broadly antiviral activities, including upon a variety of highly pathogenic viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Nipah virus (NiV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). The underlying mechanisms for its antiviral activities are being extensively investigated but have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we summarized the current findings on how CH25H and 25HC play multiple roles to modulate cholesterol metabolism, inflammation, immunity, and antiviral infections. Overall, 25HC should be further studied as a potential therapeutic agent to control emerging infectious diseases in the future.
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