Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaohong He, Yanjun Hou, Cheng Wang, Shan Wang, Yi Wei
Summary: Nowadays, the increase in population has led to a rise in the amount of waste textiles. Thermochemical processes have the potential to process these textiles on a large scale, and the key to industrial thermochemical treatment is tar removal. This study proposed the use of molten carbonates pyrolysis technology to remove tar from waste textiles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sweta Singh, Soubhik Kumar Bhaumik, Li Dong, Hari Vuthaluru
Summary: The integration of adsorption treatment in steam catalytic tar reforming using biochar significantly improves the removal of tar components, especially at low temperatures. The two-step process shows substantial removal of light tar compounds, with reforming contributing 40% and adsorption contributing 60% to the overall tar removal.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yi Wei, Xiying Jia, Chaoyue Shen, Huijuan Ying, Fengwen Yu, Jianbing Ji
Summary: The digestate residue has been successfully utilized as feedstock for molten carbonates pyrolysis and catalytic reforming, producing bio-based monophenols. The modified HZSM-5 catalyst shows outstanding selectivity for monophenols and low coke yield, making it ideal for integrated pyrolysis systems. Additionally, the formation of mesopores minimizes diffusion hindrance and reduces coke accumulation during the process.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ali Abdelaal, Daniele Antolini, Stefano Piazzi, Francesco Patuzzi, Audrey Villot, Claire Gerente, Marco Baratieri
Summary: Gasification char, a byproduct of biomass gasification, is typically considered as industrial waste and disposed of through incineration or landfilling. However, its high carbon content and surface area make it a cost-effective alternative to common catalysts and catalyst support materials.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ville Uusitalo, Ladan Abrari, Mari Hupponen, Jouni Havukainen, Jarkko Levanen
Summary: This study assessed the climate impacts of biowaste collection and utilization, comparing different collection methods in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. The results showed that source separation of biowaste and directing it to biogas production can lead to lower overall greenhouse gas emissions. Encouraging people to source separate their biowaste should be made as easy and encouraging as possible to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lola Azancot, Luis F. Bobadilla, Miguel A. Centeno, Jose A. Odriozola
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive investigation on the reforming reaction of a simulated producer gas stream. The results show that the addition of potassium can mitigate carbon formation and minimize carbon deposits under appropriate reaction conditions. Based on experimental evidence, the Ni-K catalyst is proven to be an excellent candidate for obtaining clean syngas from producer gas reforming.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
H. Meskine, E. Gurbuz, V Albin, A. Melendez-Ceballos, M. Cassir, A. Ringuede, V Lair
Summary: This study focuses on the online detection of CO2 electrolysis product by Gas Chromatography (GC), demonstrating that CO is produced electrochemically with a ratio depending on the electrolysis potential, and deducing the potentials that should be avoided to inhibit the formation of carbon. This insight will be essential for analyzing the medium and long-term performance of MCECs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kaiming Xiao, Xianchun Li, Jesse Santoso, Huanran Wang, Kai Zhang, Junzhi Wu, Dongke Zhang
Summary: The experimental study demonstrated that the combination of non-thermal plasma and Mn-based composite catalysts shows promising results in the reforming of toluene with CO2, suggesting potential applications in synthesis gas production from biomass gasification and pyrolysis.
Article
Electrochemistry
Hugo Sauzet, Romaric Collet, Christophe Heau, Christophe Pupier, Davide Rodrigues, Celine Cannes, Sylvie Delpech
Summary: This study investigates the behavior of Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3 molten salt and several metals under different atmospheres through electrochemical measurements and thermodynamic calculations. The findings suggest that the electroactivity domain of the molten salt is limited by the oxidation and reduction of carbonate ions, as revealed by gas chromatographic analysis and XRD characterization.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Chen, Zhuqing Zhao, Jiakang Qu, Beilei Zhang, Xueyong Ding, Yunfeng Geng, Hongwei Xie, Dihua Wang, Huayi Yin
Summary: Converting CO2/carbonate to functional carbon materials and oxygen in molten carbonates is viewed as a promising approach to tackling environmental and energy challenges. Electrolysis of lithium-free molten carbonates with the use of low-cost Ni-based inert anode can produce high value-added carbon and oxygen. The solubilities of alkaline-earth metal oxides in molten carbonates differ, leading to two proposed electrolysis mechanisms based on the solubility difference of oxides.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Weidong Zhang, Huaqing Xie, Zhenyu Yu, Panlei Wang, Zhengyu Wang, Qingbo Yu
Summary: Bifunctional NiO/CaO@C12A7 catalysts with reforming catalytic effect and CO(2) adsorption effect were prepared and used in sorption-enhanced steam reforming of tar for hydrogen production. The catalyst with CaO:C12A7:NiO ratio of 70:15:15 showed the best performance, achieving a hydrogen yield of 83.9% at optimal conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hanmin Yang, Yuxiao Cui, Yanghao Jin, Xincheng Lu, Tong Han, Linda Sandstrom, Par G. Jonsson, Weihong Yang
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of different types of biochar catalysts on the production of syngas from biomass pyrolysis and catalytic reforming. The results showed that biochar catalysts with higher specific surface area and hierarchical porous structure can promote the production of syngas and hydrogen. Physical-activated biochar catalysts produced syngas with the highest H2/CO ratio, while nitrogen-doped biochar, despite decreasing syngas yield, obtained syngas with the highest energy value.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sweta Singh, Soubhik Kumar Bhaumik, Li Dong, Chun-Zhu Li, Hari Vuthaluru
Summary: The two-step process of tar removal results in a significant decrease in tar content, with approximately 60% of tar being removed in the reforming step and about 40% remaining in the adsorption step. Raman spectroscopy indicates a growing predominance of higher aromatics in the catalyst and lower aromatics in the adsorbent. The BET results show a significant decrease in porosity of the biochar, suggesting coverage of pore surface by adsorbing species.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hanmin Yang, Yuxiao Cui, Yanghao Jin, Xincheng Lu, Tong Han, Linda Sandstrom, Par G. Jonsson, Weihong Yang
Summary: This study evaluates the effects of various engineered biochar-based catalysts on syngas production in a biomass pyrolysis and catalytic reforming process. The results show that using biochar and activated biochar as catalysts result in comparable syngas yields. A high specific surface area and hierarchical porous structure are beneficial for syngas and hydrogen production. The use of N-doped biochar decreases syngas yield but obtains syngas with the highest lower heating value. Ni-doped biochar facilitates high syngas and hydrogen yields and improves gas energy conversion efficiency. The stability and durability test of Ni-doped biochar shows a slight decrease in performance after repetitive use.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Oisin de Priall, Valentina Gogulancea, Caterina Brandoni, Neil Hewitt, Chris Johnston, George Onofrei, Ye Huang
Summary: The study investigates the potential of small-scale gasification Combined Heat and Power systems using biowaste resources, finding that working at optimal equivalence ratio can increase electricity and thermal output, and that the drying process may require significant heat consumption. Downdraft gasification based combined heat and power systems are considered a feasible and interesting option for dealing with biowaste resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yuhan Yang, Tiancheng Wang, Chan Zou, Kai Xu, Hongyun Hu, Linxia Gao, Xian Li, Hong Yao
Summary: The study investigates the catalytic role of molten salt in bio-waste pyrolysis and demonstrates that the temperature and composition of anions and cations in the molten salt have a significant impact on the pyrolysis behavior. Experimental results reveal that different molten salt systems and temperatures lead to variations in the reaction rate, gas product yield, and chemical reaction products of bio-waste.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yongda Huang, Hongyun Hu, Chan Zou, Huimin Liu, Shuai Li, Xiaojiang Wu, Lejin Xu, Hong Yao
Summary: The distribution characteristics of selenium in coal combustion byproducts and its interactions with fly ash components were studied. The study revealed that the capture of gaseous selenium by fly ash was incomplete due to the limited residence time. The main components of fly ash, including iron oxides, mullite, and quartz, were found to be responsible for the adsorption of gaseous selenium.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Wenfeng Liu, Bichen Liu, Yaohua Zhang, Baojun Yi, Hongyun Hu, Qizhou Fan, Chenqiao Li, Hui Liu
Summary: A study was conducted on the pyrolysis characteristics and gas product evolution of biochar under different packing arrangements. It was found that the covering of biomass with Al2O3 decreased the maximum pyrolysis rate and shifted the pyrolysis curve to higher temperatures. The volatilization analysis showed that the covered biomass had larger characteristic index and lower activation energy. The results from FTIR analysis indicated that layering hindered the release of gaseous products during rice husk pyrolysis.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yicheng Wang, Hongyun Hu, Xinye Wang, Huimin Liu, Lu Dong, Guangqian Luo, Yongchun Zhao, Hong Yao
Summary: This study reviews the distribution characteristics of lead in coal and combustion by-products, summarizes the formation and migration mechanisms of particulate lead, and proposes targeted measures to control its formation and improve removal efficiency. However, the formation mechanism of fine particulate lead is still unclear, and there are differences in the removal principles of fine particles and particulate lead, posing a challenge for precise lead emission control.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chenqing Li, Yan Ding, Zhiyu Zhou, Yibin Jin, Xingyu Ren, Chengyang Cao, Hongyun Hu
Summary: To ensure the performance and extend the life cycle of power battery modules in electric vehicles, a battery thermal management system (BTMS) with composite phase change materials (PCM) was proposed. The heat dissipation performance of BTMS using different mass fractions of paraffin/expanded graphite (EG) composite PCM was investigated, with the optimal performance achieved using 20 wt% EG. The study revealed the combined effect of liquid volume fraction and thermophysical parameters of composite PCM on the heat dissipation performance of the battery modules.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Wenfeng Liu, Mei Chen, Hui Liu, Baojun Yi, Hongyun Hu, Yaohua Zhang, Deqiang Liu, Chenqiao Li
Summary: The effect of drying temperature on the drying characteristics of tobacco with different water content was investigated. The isothermal drying characteristics and kinetics of three types of tobacco in a tobacco factory in Hubei were studied using a halogen water analyzer. The results showed that increasing the drying temperature within a certain range reduced the drying time of cut tobacco. The water diffusion coefficient of cut tobacco decreased with increasing temperature, but increased with higher initial water content. The activation energy of cut tobacco varied with the production process.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qicheng Pan, Peixuan Zhao, Linxia Gao, Huimin Liu, Hongyun Hu, Lu Dong
Summary: Concentration followed by electrolysis is a promising method for treating saline wastewater, producing H-2, Cl-2, Cl- and an alkaline solution. However, knowledge on suitable salt concentration and effects of mixed ions remains lacking. In this study, electrolysis experiments were conducted on mixed saline water, exploring stable dechlorination salt concentrations and discussing the effects of K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO42-. Results showed K+ had a positive effect on H-2/Cl-2 production, while Ca2+ and Mg2+ had negative effects due to precipitate formation, and SO42- reduced current density. Ca2+ ≤ 0.01 mol/L, Mg2+ ≤ 0.1 mol/L, and SO42- ≤ 0.01 mol/L were found to ensure continuous and stable dechlorination electrolysis of saline wastewater.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chan Zou, Shuai Li, Xuanzhou Huan, Hongyun Hu, Lu Dong, Haojie Zhang, Qiqi Dai, Hong Yao
Summary: The addition of phosphorous was found to effectively promote the activation and modification of carbonaceous sorbents, enhancing their capacity for arsenic fixation. Experimental and density functional theory methods were used to investigate the adsorption characteristics of arsenic over different carbon-based sorbents. The results showed that phosphoric acid modification generated functional groups on the surface of activated carbon, significantly improving its adsorption ability for gaseous arsenic.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huasheng Wang, Chan Zou, Hongyun Hu, Guojian Gu, Lu Dong, Yongda Huang, Shuang Deng, Songgeng Li
Summary: Trace elements from coal consumption pose a significant threat to the environment, and their emission from coal-fired power plants has become a prominent issue. Deep peak load regulation has an impact on the migration and emission characteristics of these trace elements, as observed in a 330 MW coal-fired power plant. Results indicate that higher loads enhance the migration of certain trace elements, particularly Pb, Mn, and Cr, while having minimal effects on others. Additionally, air pollution control devices effectively capture over 99% of these trace elements, with the emission risk of Se and Mn increasing with higher loads. Notably, Se exhibits a higher gaseous proportion in flue gas, and its emission factor sharply increases with increasing load. Furthermore, some particulate selenium transforms into a gaseous state across the electrostatic precipitator. This research contributes to a better understanding of the migration characteristics of trace elements during the deep peak load regulation of coal-fired power plants, and provides guidance for their control.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Liu Shi, Zhenzhong Hu, Xian Li, Shuo Li, Linlin Yi, Xiaohua Wang, Hongyun Hu, Guangqian Luo, Hong Yao
Summary: A novel gas-pressurized torrefaction technique achieves a higher deoxygenation rate of up to 79% for lignocellulosic solid wastes compared to traditional torrefaction. The gas pressure triggers cellulose decomposition and secondary polymerization reactions, which are absent in traditional torrefaction. A deoxygenation and structure evolution mechanism model is developed through analysis of fingerprint molecule and C structure, providing guidance for optimization of gas-pressurized torrefaction and understanding of pressurized thermal conversion processes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Dongyang He, Hongyun Hu, Facun Jiao, Wu Zuo, Changqi Liu, Hao Xie, Lu Dong, Xinye Wang
Summary: This paper comprehensively reviews four thermal separation methods for extracting heavy metals from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash, comparing them in terms of separation effectiveness, economic feasibility, technical maturity, and environmental impact. Additionally, the possibility of urban mining from MSWI fly ash is evaluated, indicating significant environmental and social benefits despite potentially higher costs. Finally, the limitations of existing thermal separation methods and the focus of further research, including both mechanisms and experimental investigations, are outlined.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yicheng Wang, Lu Dong, Hongyun Hu, Dahai Yan, Sihua Xu, Chan Zou, Yongda Huang, Guangzhao Guo, Hong Yao
Summary: Molten salt thermal treatment is effective in dissolving heavy metals in MSWI fly ash, but the reactions during the process are not well understood. This study investigated the migration and transformation mechanisms of heavy metals during cyclic thermal treatment at different temperatures. The results showed that molten salts can extract heavy metals and reduce their leaching toxicity in the reacted slags. The reaction characteristics of heavy metals varied, and increasing the temperature facilitated their chlorination and dissolution. Recovery of heavy metals can be achieved by concentrating them on the insoluble matters of molten salt.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Correction
Energy & Fuels
Omar D. Dacres, Shan Tong, Xian Li, Yiming Sun, Feng Wang, Guangqian Luo, Huan Liu, Hongyun Hu, Hong Yao
Article
Energy & Fuels
Huasheng Wang, Bing Yuan, Hongyun Hu, Lu Dong, Chan Zou, Guangzhao Guo, Shuang Deng, Songgeng Li, Hong Yao
Summary: The DAWFGD technology effectively absorbs gaseous selenium in municipal waste solid incineration and the addition of alkaline solution can recover its absorption performance. This study is significant for evaluating the potential of DAWFGD in removing SeO2 from flue gas in waste incineration.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jing He, Yuhan Yang, Chan Zou, Qiang Gao, Hongyun Hu, Kai Xu, Xi Li, Hong Yao
Summary: The present research focuses on the thermal treatment of biomass using molten salts as heat storage and catalytic medium to convert biomass into combustible gases. The experimental results showed that molten salts can enhance the yields of small molecule gases compared to conventional pyrolysis process. The gas release characteristics of beech wood were similar to those of lignin, which played a leading role in the gas release of actual biomass pyrolysis.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.
