Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert Tenzer, Wenjin Chen
Summary: A long-wavelength geoidal geometry is primarily influenced by deep mantle structure and large lithospheric density and geometry variations. The results of this study demonstrate that the gravimetric method better enhances the mantle signature in the geoidal geometry compared to isostatic and spectral decomposition methods. However, there may be significant errors in geoid modeling results, which require validation using tomographic images of the mantle and additional geophysical, geothermal, and geochemical constraints.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Christian Schiffer, Stephane Rondenay, Lars Ottemoller, Anne Drottning
Summary: The crustal structure of the Nordland and Troms region in Norway has attracted scientific attention due to its seismic activity and conflicting interpretations. The Lofoten-Vesteralen archipelago, which shows variations in crustal thickness, is a key part of the puzzle. This study uses new lithospheric models to address the debate and finds consistency with previous models, suggesting that the crustal structure may not be as controversial as previously thought. The findings highlight the importance of conceptualizing the Moho as a transition zone with thickness and structural variations.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alexandra Mauerberger, Hamzeh Sadeghisorkhani, Valerie Maupin, Olafur Gudmundsson, Frederik Tilmann
Summary: This study presents a new 3D shear-wave velocity model and Moho map of Scandinavia, based on the inversion of merged phase dispersion curves. The results reveal differences in the crustal structure and uplift mechanisms between the southern and northern regions of the Scandes mountains. The findings provide insights into the compensating mechanisms for the high topography and the tectonic domains of the adjacent continental lithosphere.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Guy J. G. Paxman, Harriet C. P. Lau, Jacqueline Austermann, Benjamin K. K. Holtzman, C. Havlin
Summary: Contemporary crustal uplift and relative sea level change in Greenland are caused by the response of the solid Earth to ongoing and historical ice mass change. In order to reconcile the differing viscosity estimates of Greenland's upper mantle, researchers used full-spectrum rheological models to examine the influence of transient deformation within the upper mantle. The results indicate that the contribution of transient behavior is most significant over loading timescales of 10(2)-10(3) years.
Article
Geography, Physical
Jane Lund Andersen, Annina Margreth, Ola Fredin, Henriette Linge, Bradley W. Goodfellow, Johan C. Faust, Jochen Knies, Terje Solbakk, Edward J. Brook, Thomas Scheiber, Roelant van der Lelij, Valentin Burki, Lena Rubensdotter, Tobias Himmler, Serdar Yesilyurt, Marcus Christl, Christof Vockenhuber, Naki Akcar
Summary: The study investigates three sites along the Norwegian coast with diverse lithologies displaying weathering phenomena, revealing rapid erosion rates in a short period of time and challenging the assumption of preserved surficial weathered landforms during past glacial periods.
Article
Geography, Physical
Carl Regnell, Gustaf Peterson Becher, Christian Ohrling, Sarah L. Greenwood, Richard Gyllencreutz, Robin Blomdin, Jo Brendryen, Bradley W. Goodfellow, Henrik Mikko, Gunnel Ransed, Colby Smith
Summary: Using high-resolution LiDAR, researchers have identified over 4500 relict shorelines, deltas, and palaeo-channels related to ice-dammed lakes in central Jaeuromtland, west-central Sweden. They reconstructed the evolution of the lakes and the retreating ice margin, which resulted in the formation of a single lake and a large glacial lake outburst flood. The study also suggests a correlation between the lake drainage events and the Swedish Time Scale.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Donald F. Argus, W. Richard Peltier, Geoffrey Blewitt, Corne Kreemer
Summary: A comparison of two models for the Earth's viscoelastic response to the unloading of the Laurentide ice sheet over the past 26,000 years reveals significant differences in mantle viscosity values between ICE-6G_D (VM5a) and L17. The study determines more accurate GPS uplift rates for North America based on a comprehensive set of data and technical advances, supporting the low viscosity value in ICE-6G_D (VM5a) and ruling out the high value in L17.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
A. T. M. ter Schure, M. Bajard, K. Loftsgarden, H. Hoeg, E. Ballo, J. Bakke, E. W. N. Storen, F. Iversen, A. Kool, A. K. Brysting, K. Kruger, S. Boessenkool
Summary: By integrating interdisciplinary analyses of long-term records, this study uncovers the anthropogenic and environmental drivers behind vegetation dynamics in southeastern Norway during the Holocene period. The combined analysis of pollen, sedaDNA, geochemical, and archaeological data reveals consistent vegetation signals and agricultural intensification over the past 10,000 years. The study provides insights into the effects of human land-use and environmental changes on vegetation dynamics in the region.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Chaoqiang Chen, Lijuan He, Yanxia Fan, Liwen Yan, Jinhui Wu
Summary: Cratons are important components in the evolution of Earth, with some being stable while others lose stability. There is a discrepancy in thickness between the thermal and seismic lithosphere, with the seismic lithosphere generally thicker. The thicker the lithosphere, the higher the stability of the cratons.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Theunissen, Ritske S. Huismans, Gang Lu, Nicolas Riel
Summary: The selection of crustal and mantle densities in numerical geodynamic models is traditionally based on convention, which may not accurately reflect observed elevations. This study aims to calibrate densities to fit relative continent/mid-ocean ridge elevations based on observations, providing a reference case for geodynamic modelling. The results suggest that the relative elevation difference between mid-ocean ridges and continents is influenced by crustal density, mantle composition, and lithospheric mantle depletion.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andenet A. Gedamu, Mehdi Eshagh, Tulu B. Bedada
Summary: The understanding of lateral lithospheric strength variations can help identify surface deformation patterns and responses to deep Earth forces. By incorporating mantle dynamics and various surface loads in the model, significant improvements were found in estimating the effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere in regions like Afar, the Ethiopian plateaus, and the Main Ethiopian Rift valley.
JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Federico M. Davila, Federico Martina, Pilar Avila, Miguel Ezpeleta
Summary: During the Mississippian to Pennsylvanian, mountain-building processes, changes from marine to continental sedimentary paleoenvironments, and the formation of mountain glaciers dominated the landscape of SW Gondwana. These processes were likely controlled by uplift, possibly related to mantle dynamics, as supported by paleo-elevation and paleo-isostatic analysis. The study proposes that mantle forces during slab window formation or the occurrence of a mantle plume may have caused the required uplift for glaciation in SW Gondwana.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bjorn H. Heyn, Clinton P. Conrad
Summary: This study uses numerical models and analytical relationships to investigate the relationship between surface heat flux anomalies and lithosphere thinning following plume-lithosphere interactions. By observing lithosphere thinning and increased surface heat flux, different-aged plume tracks can be identified even without volcanic activity.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Barra A. Peak, Konstantin Latychev, Mark J. Hoggard, Jerry X. Mitrovica
Summary: Sea-level history in the Red Sea region is influenced by both global mean sea level and glacial isostatic adjustment. Three-dimensional Earth models show that the presence of the Red Sea Rift and low-viscosity upper mantle amplify sea-level rise, resulting in different effects at different locations. Coastal sites experience sea-level fall, while sites near the rift experience sea-level rise.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hilmar Bungum, Olav Eldholm
Summary: A review of paleoseismicity in areas covered by ice sheets in Fennoscandia and North America during the early Holocene suggests that ice removal during deglaciation led to a Glacial Isostatic Adjustment response, supported by observational data and numerical modeling. This climate-earthquake relationship is primarily influenced by the state of the lithosphere and asthenosphere, as well as the climate conditions. The changing ice load affects the viscoelastic Earth response and stress, potentially causing crustal earthquake ruptures and reactivating old structural features.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)