Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alessia Salatto, Maria Pia Riccio, Raffaele Garotti, Carmela Bravaccio, Maria Immacolata Spagnuolo
Summary: Since the post-pandemic period, there has been an increase in the incidence of eating disorders (EADs) and a lowering of the age of onset. In addition to the 'classic' forms, there has also been an increase in new forms of EADs. This article proposes a brief review of the literature concerning mainly two of these new disorders: atypical anorexia and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. In addition, a brief overview is proposed of the most frequently raised questions that clinicians may face when dealing with EADs. The answers are provided by doctors from the Federico II University of Naples, who additionally offer the most common red flags on the topic derived from long clinical experience. This article is proposed to be a brief operational guide for all clinicians working in the pediatric area in order to provide diagnostic clues and useful elements to refer patients to specialists for a correct and multidisciplinary treatment.
Article
Substance Abuse
Nicole D. Fitzgerald, Catherine W. Striley, Joseph J. Palamar, Jan Copeland, Steven Kurtz, Linda B. Cottler
Summary: This study found that DSM-5 adopted criteria for ketamine use disorder are reliable, with 70.7% of participants meeting the criteria. The most commonly endorsed individual criterion was continued use of ketamine despite knowledge of physical or psychological problems, followed by reported withdrawal symptoms and physically hazardous use.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. Christopher Fowler, Marianne Carlson, William H. Orme, Jon G. Allen, John M. Oldham, Alok Madan, B. Christopher Frueh
Summary: The study found that the diagnostic efficiency of borderline personality disorder is equivalent between the optimized criteria set and the original 9 criteria, with a substantial reduction in estimated heterogeneity.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Eric Dumont, Anita Jansen, Pieter C. Duker, Daniel M. Seys, Nick J. Broers, Sandra Mulkens
Summary: Treating disordered feeding at a young age reduces risks of future feeding problems, but not all children profit equally; can we define predictors of a worse prognosis?
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
John S. McIntyre, Joel Yager, Anita Everett, Cathryn A. Galanter, Jeffrey M. Lyness, James Nininger, Victor Reus, Michael Vergare
Summary: The development of DSM-5 involved the establishment of two review committees, including the CPHC which focused on reviewing proposals related to clinical and public health aspects. External review processes were deemed essential for future DSM efforts, highlighting the importance of separate committees to assess scientific merit and clinical/public health impact.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Elizabeth A. Martin, Katherine G. Jonas, Wenxuan Lian, Dan Foti, Kayla R. Donaldson, Evelyn J. Bromet, Roman Kotov
Summary: The HiTOP dimensional approach showed greater predictive power in long-term outcomes of psychotic disorders compared to traditional DSM diagnoses, across various aspects including psychiatric and physical health, community functioning, and neural responses.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Norbert Quadflieg, Ulrich Voderholzer, Adrian Meule, Manfred Maximilian Fichter
Summary: The new ICD-11 guidelines for eating disorders are similar to the DSM-5 criteria, but they include subjective binges in the definition of bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder, which is different from the DSM-5. This study found that for most patients, applying either the DSM-5 or ICD-11 diagnostic criteria resulted in the same diagnosis of an eating disorder.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
S. Nassir Ghaemi, Jules Angst, Paul A. Vohringer, Eric A. Youngstrom, James Phelps, Philip B. Mitchell, Roger S. McIntyre, Michael Bauer, Eduard Vieta, Samuel Gershon
Summary: This study proposes the Clinical Research Diagnostic Criteria for Bipolar Illness (CRDC-BP) for use in research studies, aiming to provide guidance for the diagnosis of major mental illnesses in the future.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIPOLAR DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Tao Luo, Dan Wei, Jiangfan Guo, Maorong Hu, Xuelin Chao, Yan Sun, Qian Sun, Shuiyuan Xiao, Yanhui Liao
Summary: The prevalence of Internet gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents aged 12-19 was 4.6%. The study suggests that specific diagnostic criteria such as giving up other activities, experiencing negative consequences, and continuing to play despite problems contribute most to the diagnosis of IGD based on the DSM-5 criteria. There is evidence to support the retention or deletion of certain diagnostic criteria by the DSM framework in the future.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Samantha J. Withnell, Abbigail Kinnear, Philip Masson, Lindsay P. Bodell
Summary: This study examined the differences in clinical presentation and treatment outcome between patients with OSFED or threshold EDs. The findings suggest that individuals with OSFED showed largely similar ED psychopathology and similar decreases in symptoms across treatment as individuals diagnosed with threshold EDs.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Casandra C. Nyhuis, Julio Fernandez-Mendoza
Summary: The classification of insomnia has significantly evolved, with previous systems 'splitting' diagnostic phenotypes and current systems 'lumping' them into a single diagnosis. Previous insomnia diagnoses lacked reliability and validity, but new robust phenotyping approaches have been identified, aiming to improve insomnia nosology and guide treatment.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jillian Lee Wiggins, Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan, Melissa A. Brotman, Ellen Leibenluft, Lauren S. Wakschlag
Summary: Research on 425 children revealed that 27% initially displayed high irritability, but only two-thirds of them remained persistently irritable. In the preschool period, 6.7% of children were identified as having early childhood DMDD, characterized by persistent irritability and pervasive impairment.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Madeleine Wilkop, Tracey D. Wade, Ella Keegan, Sarah Cohen-Woods
Summary: Previous research found that individuals who did not meet full criteria for AN, BN, or BED but met criteria for EDNOS displayed high levels of psychiatric and physical morbidity. The present study aimed to determine whether the revised DSM-5 criteria for eating disorders were better at distinguishing between full criteria eating disorders and OSFED and UFED. Meta-analyses comparing various measures were conducted, revealing that OSFED showed more eating pathology compared to AN, but no difference in general psychopathology. OSFED also had more physical health impairments. These findings suggest that the DSM-5 criteria may not adequately capture the clinical severity of OSFED.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2023)
Review
History & Philosophy Of Science
M. Cristina Amoretti, Elisabetta Lalumera, Davide Serpico
Summary: The latest edition of the DSM-5 introduced Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder (SPCD) as a new mental disorder characterized by deficits in pragmatic abilities. Researchers have identified major issues with the introduction of SPCD, particularly regarding its close resemblance to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), leading to potential different diagnoses and treatments for individuals with similar symptoms. The debate surrounding SPCD's independence from ASD highlights the need to further explore its validity, reliability, and potential role in contemporary psychiatry.
HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Brad W. Brazeau, David C. Hodgins
Summary: This study validated the psychometric properties of an online self-report measure, NODS-GD, based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder. The results showed good internal consistency and one-week test-retest reliability. The measure demonstrated high correlations with other measures of gambling problem severity and moderate correlations with related constructs. The classification accuracy was generally very good.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Julia Cook, Laura Crane, Laura Hull, Laura Bourne, William Mandy
Summary: This study analyzed the camouflaging behaviors used by 17 autistic adults in social interactions through the Interpersonal Process Recall method, identifying 38 different camouflaging behaviors which were categorized into four main categories and seven subcategories. The research provided new insights into how autistic individuals adapt to, cope with, and influence neurotypical social environments.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Laura Bourne, William Mandy, Rachel Bryant-Waugh
Summary: ARFID in children and young people with autism is common and impactful, with sensory sensitivities being the most commonly described driver. Behavioural interventions have shown to be feasible and potentially effective. Further research is needed to determine prevalence, drivers, adapt interventions, and test them rigorously in clinical trials.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Julia Cook, Laura Crane, Laura Bourne, Laura Hull, William Mandy
Summary: This study examines camouflaging behavior in everyday social interactions among autistic adults. The findings suggest that autistic individuals often use camouflaging as a means to achieve social acceptance and connection, but this behavior can also lead to negative consequences. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of authentic socializing as an alternative to camouflaging for autistic individuals.