Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 117, Issue 32, Pages 19487-19496Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009607117
Keywords
mycobacterium; alternative ribosomes; ribosome profiling
Categories
Funding
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1109789]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31570129]
- Tsinghua University
- Swedish Research Council [2018-05498, 2016-06264]
- Carl Tryggers Foundation [CTS 18:338, CTS 19:806]
- Wellcome Trust [207487/C/17/Z]
- Swedish Research Council [2018-05498] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1109789] Funding Source: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
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Alternative ribosome subunit proteins are prevalent in the genomes of diverse bacterial species, but their functional significance is controversial. Attempts to study microbial ribosomal heterogeneity have mostly relied on comparing wild-type strains with mutants in which subunits have been deleted, but this approach does not allow direct comparison of alternate ribosome isoforms isolated from identical cellular contexts. Here, by simultaneously purifying canonical and alternative RpsR ribosomes from Mycobacterium smegmatis, we show that alternative ribosomes have distinct translational features compared with their canonical counterparts. Both alternative and canonical ribosomes actively take part in protein synthesis, although they translate a subset of genes with differential efficiency as measured by ribosome profiling. We also show that alternative ribosomes have a relative defect in initiation complex formation. Furthermore, a strain of M. smegmatis in which the alternative ribosome protein operon is deleted grows poorly in iron-depleted medium, uncovering a role for alternative ribosomes in iron homeostasis. Our work confirms the distinct and nonredundant contribution of alternative bacterial ribosomes for adaptation to hostile environments.
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