Proteomics, physiological, and biochemical analysis of cross tolerance mechanisms in response to heat and water stresses in soybean

Water stress (WS) and heat stress (HS) have a negative effect on soybean plant growth and crop productivity. Changes in the physiological characteristics, proteome, and specific metabolites investigated on molecular and cellular functions were studied in two soybean cultivars exposed to different heat and water stress conditions independently and in combination. Leaf protein composition was studied using 2-DE and complemented with MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. While the two cultivars displayed genetic variation in response to water and heat stress, thirty-nine proteins were significantly altered in their relative abundance in response to WS, HS and combined WS+HS in both cultivars. A majority of these proteins were involved in metabolism, response to heat and photosynthesis showing significant cross-tolerance mechanisms. This study revealed that MED37C, a probable mediator of RNA polymerase transcription II protein, has potential interacting partners in Arabidopsis and signified the marked impact of this on the PI-471938 cultivar. Elevated activities in antioxidant enzymes indicate that the PI-471938 cultivar can restore the oxidation levels and sustain the plant during the stress. The discovery of this plant's development of cross-stress tolerance could be used as a guide to foster ongoing genetic modifications in stress tolerance.