Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Hauffe, Michaela Rath, Wilson Agyapong, Wenke Jonas, Heike Vogel, Tim J. Schulz, Maria Schwarz, Anna P. Kipp, Matthias Bluher, Andre Kleinridders
Summary: The intake of high-fat diets leads to obesity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. The trace element selenium can protect against the development of diet-induced insulin resistance. However, selenium might not be able to attenuate insulin resistance in the presence of obesity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Castellano-Castillo, Bruno Ramos-Molina, Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera, Luis Ocana-Wilhelmi, Maria Isabel Queipo-Ortuno, Fernando Cardona
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the changes in H3K4me3 histone mark in human adipose tissue under obesity and insulin resistance conditions. The results showed that H3K4me3 enrichment in gene promoters was closely related to higher mRNA levels, and differentially enriched H3K4me3 could regulate genes in adipose tissue, affecting its function during obesity and insulin resistance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xin Shu, Jiaqi Wu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoyu Ma, Zuoqin Du, Jin Xu, Jingcan You, Liqun Wang, Ni Chen, Mao Luo, Jianbo Wu
Summary: The study suggests that PCSK9 expression in adipose tissue may mediate statin-induced adipocyte insulin resistance. PCSK9 deficiency could protect against statin-induced impairments in insulin signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ignacio Colon-Mesa, Neira Sainz, Patricia Corrales, Maria Collantes, Philipp Kaldis, Jose Alfredo Martinez, Gema Medina-Gomez, Maria Jesus Moreno-Aliaga, Xavier Escote
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of p27 deletion on the activity of brown adipose tissue and the susceptibility to develop obesity and glucose homeostasis disturbances in mice. The results showed that p27 knockout mice were more prone to obesity and insulin resistance. The study suggested that p27 may play a role in brown adipose tissue activation and the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuya Kasai, Daichi Kokubu, Hiroki Mizukami, Ken Itoh
Summary: This review focuses on the etiology of insulin resistance and early events, particularly the production of mitochondrial ROS in insulin-sensitive tissues. It highlights the association of insulin resistance with defects in adipogenesis in white adipose tissues, fatty acid and ceramide accumulation, and downregulation of mitochondrial catabolism. The review also discusses the role of NF-E2-related factor 2 in regulating antioxidant enzyme expression and how its downregulation is involved in insulin resistance. Finally, it explores the potential of Nrf2 inducers in restoring Nrf2 and attenuating insulin resistance.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chao Cao, Han-Chow E. Koh, Stephan Van Vliet, Bruce W. Patterson, Dominic N. Reeds, Richard Laforest, Robert J. Gropler, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: This study found that enhanced FFA clearance in people with obesity is negatively correlated with muscle insulin sensitivity, and the stimulatory effect of insulin on FFA clearance is more significant in obese individuals.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukasz Pilarski, Marta Pelczynska, Anna Koperska, Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros, Monika Szulinska, Pawel Bogdanski
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between vaspin concentration and metabolic disorders in obese individuals. The results showed that serum vaspin concentrations were significantly higher in the obese group compared to the control group. The findings suggest that vaspin may be a useful diagnostic parameter for obesity-related complications.
Review
Cell Biology
Zhaohua Cai, Yijie Huang, Ben He
Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Macrophages play a crucial role in obesity-associated inflammation. Recent research has provided insights into the diverse roles of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in obesity and comorbidities. This review summarizes the characterization of different subpopulations of ATMs in obesity, the extensive crosstalk between adipocytes and ATMs, and the extended crosstalk within adipose tissue between perivascular mesenchymal cells and ATMs.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Benedikt Dietz, Juergen Machann, Vaibhav Agrawal, Martin Heni, Patrick Schwab, Julia Dienes, Steffen Reichert, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Fritz Schick, Norbert Stefan, Andreas Fritsche, Hubert Preissl, Bernhard Schoelkopf, Stefan Bauer, Robert Wagner
Summary: The study indicated that diabetes can be detected through whole-body MRI without additional data, with visceral fat playing a crucial role in diabetes classification. The model identified a high-risk group with increased risk for future diabetes and microalbuminuria.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xi-Ding Yang, Xing-Cheng Ge, Si-Yi Jiang, Yong-Yu Yang
Summary: Epidemic obesity is a significant public health problem associated with an increase in obesity-related metabolic diseases. Adipose tissue plays a vital role in regulating whole-body energy metabolism, and lipolysis, the degradation of triglycerides in adipocytes, is closely linked to obesity and its metabolic disorders. Natural products, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, can regulate lipolysis and potentially contribute to weight loss and improved metabolic conditions associated with obesity. Identifying specific secondary metabolites that are effective in reducing weight and mitigating the health risks associated with obesity and lipolysis regulation is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. Carmen Navarro-Ruiz, M. Carmen Soler-Vazquez, Alberto Diaz-Ruiz, Juan R. Peinado, Andrea Nieto Calonge, Julia Sanchez-Ceinos, Carmen Tercero-Alcazar, Jaime Lopez-Alcala, Oriol A. Rangel-Zuniga, Antonio Membrives, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Maria M. Malagon, Rocio Guzman-Ruiz
Summary: This study investigated the carbonylome of subcutaneous and omental human adipose tissue in obesity-associated insulin resistance. The results showed differences in carbonylated proteins between different fat depots, highlighting the complexity of oxidative stress at the metabolic level. Furthermore, the study revealed the altered expression and function of carbonylated transferrin, linking oxidative stress to metabolic dysfunction. This research provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying adipocyte dysfunction in obesity and identifies potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaohui Li, Jia Liu, Biao Zhou, Yinhui Li, Zhengyu Wu, Hua Meng, Guang Wang
Summary: Adipose tissue insulin resistance (adipose-IR) in males is higher than in females with similar BMI levels. Adipose-IR increases progressively from overweight to class III obesity in both genders, but is significantly higher in males than females in the class III obesity group. Testosterone levels are negatively correlated with adipose-IR in males, while positively correlated in females. Low testosterone levels may contribute to more severe adipose-IR in obese males.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Allah Nawaz, Yasuhiro Nishida, Akiko Takikawa, Shiho Fujisaka, Tomonobu Kado, Aminuddin Aminuddin, Muhammad Bilal, Ishtiaq Jeelani, Muhammad Rahil Aslam, Ayumi Nishimura, Takahide Kuwano, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yoshiko Igarashi, Keisuke Okabe, Saeed Ahmed, Azhar Manzoor, Isao Usui, Kunimasa Yagi, Takashi Nakagawa, Kazuyuki Tobe
Summary: Astaxanthin has beneficial effects on adipose tissue in obese mice, reducing oxidative stress and macrophage infiltration, maintaining healthy AT function, and preventing pathological remodeling of AT.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio Quesada-Vazquez, Anna Antolin, Marina Colom-Pellicer, Gerard Aragones, Laura Herrero, Josep Maria Del Bas, Antoni Caimari, Xavier Escote
Summary: A specific combination of metabolic cofactors showed promising results in treating obesity in a high-fat diet mouse model. The combination reduced obesity and adiposity, improved glucose and lipid metabolic parameters, increased lipid oxidation, and decreased adipocyte hypertrophy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Hinojosa-Moscoso, Anna Motger-Alberti, Elena De la Calle-Vargas, Marian Marti-Navas, Carles Biarnes, Maria Arnoriaga-Rodriguez, Gerard Blasco, Josep Puig, Diego Luque-Cordoba, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: Excess iron is associated with dysfunction in adipose tissue and insulin resistance. In this study, it was found that markers of iron status were linked to changes in abdominal adipose tissue over one year. These associations were mainly observed in women and non-obese subjects, and were independent of insulin sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Imene Bennour, Nicole Haroun, Flavie Sicard, Lourdes Mounien, Jean-Francois Landrier
Summary: Several studies provide strong evidence for the active role of vitamin D in physiological processes of adipocyte and adipose tissue in adulthood. It affects adipocyte and adipose tissue biology parameters like adipogenesis, energy metabolism, and inflammation. Interestingly, recent data suggest that maternal vitamin D deficiency may also impact metabolic programming of adipocytes and adipose tissue in offspring.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Imene Bennour, Nicole Haroun, Flavie Sicard, Lourdes Mounien, Jean-Francois Landrier
Summary: Observational studies show an inverse relationship between vitamin D concentration and obesity, but interventional and genetic studies have not provided clear conclusions. Evidence suggests that vitamin D supplementation may prevent obesity, and maternal vitamin D deficiency could impact the metabolic trajectory of offspring.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christopher Morrissey, Marie-Josephe Amiot, Aurelie Goncalves, Cecile Raverdy, Delphine Masson, Catherine Tardivel, Sandrine Gayrard, Myriam Carrere, Jean-Francois Landrier, Agnes Vinet, Antonia Perez-Martin
Summary: This study assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on arterial stiffness in obese adolescents. The researchers found that a high proportion of obese adolescents had vitamin D deficiency and supplementation improved carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and reduced the risk of arterial stiffness.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Iskandar Azmy Harahap, Jean-Francois Landrier, Joanna Suliburska
Summary: Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency and low calcium status. Dietary supplementation of vitamin D and calcium has been extensively studied in animal experiments and human studies, but the physiological mechanisms underlying their effects on obesity and metabolic diseases remain unclear. The regulation of insulin, lipids, hormones, cells, and inflammation by the vitamin D-calcium axis plays a role in obesity and its comorbidities. However, the impact of simultaneous vitamin D and calcium supplementation on weight loss and fat reduction is inconsistent.
Article
Cell Biology
Nicole Haroun, Imene Bennour, Eva Seipelt, Julien Astier, Charlene Couturier, Lourdes Mounien, Jean-Francois Landrier
Summary: Maternal vitamin D deficiency coupled with high-fat diet activates inflammatory pathways in offspring's adipose tissue, which is strongly associated with increased adiposity in males but not in females.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Torsten Bohn, Angel R. de Lera, Jean-Francois Landrier, Harald Carlsen, Daniel Merk, Tilman Todt, Jenny Renaut, Ralph Ruehl
Summary: Carotenoids are abundant lipophilic plant metabolites that have potential health benefits for humans, including reduced mortality. They can impact oxidative stress and inflammation through interactions with transcription factors. The article describes both old and new metabolic pathways of carotenoids and their bioactive derivatives, as well as the techniques and tools needed to comprehensively study this topic.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Esma Karkeni, Thomas Payet, Julien Astier, Flavie Sicard, Lourdes Mounien, Jean-Francois Landrier
Summary: Inflammatory markers induced during obesity are linked to comorbidities and can be reduced by active forms of vitamin A and vitamin D. This study revealed that ATRA has anti-inflammatory effects on miRNA expression and showed that ATRA and 1,25(OH)(2)D regulate genes and miRNA that converge to the NF-κB signalling pathway. This bioinformatic approach confirms the interest and importance of studying the regulation of the NF-κB signalling pathway.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Clement Buisson, Lourdes Mounien, Flavie Sicard, Jean-Francois Landrier, Victoria Tishkova, Pierre Sabouroux
Summary: Hepatic steatosis, caused by type 2 diabetes or obesity, is a major origin of chronic liver disease. This study focuses on using a non-invasive technique based on microwave propagation to monitor hepatic tissue pathologies. By measuring the dielectric permittivity, the difference between healthy and fatty liver tissues was observed in a frequency range of 100 MHz to 2 GHz. These results suggest that dielectric permittivity can be a sensitive tool for distinguishing between healthy and fatty hepatic tissue.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Thomas Payet, Marie Valmori, Julien Astier, Ljubica Svilar, Flavie Sicard, Catherine Tardivel, Rania Ghossoub, Jean-Charles Martin, Jean-Francois Landrier, Lourdes Mounien
Summary: This study evaluates the lipid composition of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (AdEVs) treated with vitamin D (VD) and pro-inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). The study highlights four lipid species (glycerolipids, phospholipids, lysophospholipids, and sphingolipids) with differential content in small and large EVs. VD alone modulates EV lipid species involved in membrane fluidity and budding of the membrane. The lipid profiles of EVs treated with VD under inflammatory conditions are different from the control group, particularly in large EVs. In conclusion, VD is associated with specific lipidomic signature of small and large EVs, supporting the anti-inflammatory effect of VD.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lea Sani, Nicolas Cardinault, Julien Astier, Patrice Darmon, Jean Francois Landrier
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with standardized poplar propolis extract powder (PPEP) on insulin homeostasis in non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity. The results showed that PPEP supplementation improved insulin sensitivity by reducing the number of insulin-resistant subjects and decreasing the insulin sensitivity Matsuda index (ISI-M).
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lidia Saidi, Habib Hammou, Flavie Sicard, Jean-Francois Landrier, Lourdes Mounien
Summary: Numerous observational studies have shown that vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are widespread in various populations, including pregnant women. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in brain differentiation, proliferation, neurotrophic and neuroprotective actions, and modulation of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Recent animal and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that maternal vitamin D deficiency is associated with several neurobiological disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, depression, multiple sclerosis, and developmental defects. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the impact of maternal vitamin D deficiency on brain functions and development.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nicole Haroun, Imene Bennour, Eva Seipelt, Julien Astier, Lea Sani, Catherine Tardivel, Ljubica Svilar, Jean-Charles Martin, Lourdes Mounien, Jean Francois Landrier
Summary: This study aims to assess the effects of maternal vitamin D deficiency on hepatic lipid accumulation in adult offspring fed a normal or obesogenic diet.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)