Article
Plant Sciences
Shipeng Xie, Guanmin Huang, Yingru Liu, Yuling Guo, Chuanxi Peng, Zhaohu Li, Yuyi Zhou, Liusheng Duan
Summary: This study evaluated the sensitivity of ten maize cultivars to the plant growth regulator ethephon and found variations in response among different cultivars and growing areas. Ethephon reduced maize plant height and ear height, while increasing the crushing strength of the base internode, leading to improved lodging resistance. Changes in transcriptional levels related to phytohormones were also observed, indicating the association between key factors and ethylene sensitivity in maize. These findings contribute to our understanding of lodging resistance and provide implications for evaluating ethylene sensitivity in maize cultivars under different pedo-climatic conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biology
Igor Martianov, Irwin Davidson
Summary: Experimental results show that RNA polymerase II transcription can still occur efficiently in mouse embryonic stem cells even in the absence of TBP and TBP-like proteins, suggesting that this initiation factor may not be as essential as previously thought.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chrystalla Antoniou, Xavier Zarza, Gholamreza Gohari, Sima Panahirad, Panagiota Filippou, Antonio F. Tiburcio, Vasileios Fotopoulos
Summary: The study revealed a clear correlation between the alteration of polyamine metabolic pathway under salinity conditions and sensitivity in different Medicago genotypes.
Article
Cell Biology
Yulin Dai, Peilin Jia, Zhongming Zhao, Assaf Gottlieb
Summary: The study introduces a new method that combines gene expression imputation with gene module discovery to address the transferability issue in gene discoveries across populations. Through case-control studies on different race/ethnic populations, new gene modules associated with Alzheimer's disease were discovered.
Article
Agronomy
Syed Muhammad Dawood Murtaza Shah, Ghulam Shabbir, Saad Imran Malik, Naveed Iqbal Raja, Zahid Hussain Shah, Muhammad Rauf, Yahya Al Zahrani, Fahad Alghabari, Hameed Alsamadany, Khurram Shahzad, Seung Hwan Yang
Summary: Abiotic stress such as drought poses a severe challenge to wheat production. This study compared the performance of different Pakistani bread wheat genotypes at physiological, agronomic, and genetic levels. The results showed significant alterations in physiological and agronomic traits under drought stress, with variations among genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed significant changes in the association of traits among genotypes during drought stress. Additionally, certain genotypes demonstrated differential expression of drought-related genes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marius Keute, Meghan T. Miller, Michelle L. Krishnan, Anjali Sadhwani, Stormy Chamberlain, Ronald L. Thibert, Wen-Hann Tan, Lynne M. Bird, Joerg F. Hipp
Summary: The study found that different genetic subtypes of Angelman Syndrome present with different clinical severity, with individuals with UBE3A pathogenic variants and imprinting defects being less affected, while those with uniparental paternal disomy are more severely affected. Individuals with truncating mutations in UBE3A are more impaired than those with missense mutations. Genomic regions beyond UBE3A also contribute to the AS phenotype.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yihui Zhang, Jingjuan Li, Dandan Zhou, Jie Song, Jianwei Gao
Summary: This study investigated the response of different genotypes of Chinese cabbage to low nitrogen stress through field experiments and indoor hydroponic methods. The genome-wide gene expression profiles of L40 and L14 in response to low nitrogen stress were also analyzed using high-throughput RNA sequencing technology. The results showed that the L40 genotype had a better response to low nitrogen stress compared to L14, and it could effectively absorb and transport NO3-. The chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of L40 Chinese cabbage were not significantly affected by low nitrogen treatment compared to L14 Chinese cabbage. The differently expressed genes related to nitrate transport, auxin synthesis, and glutamate dehydrogenase synthesis in these two genotypes are important candidates for understanding the molecular host-response mechanisms to low nitrogen stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ronja Schirrmann, Michael Erkelenz, Kim Lamers, Oliver Sritharan, Milen Nachev, Bernd Sures, Sebastian Schluecker, Sven Brandau
Summary: This study investigates the uptake, intracellular processing, and cell biological response induced by AuNRs in PMNs, demonstrating that AuNRs mainly enter cells through phagocytosis and macropinocytosis, leading to protein stress and pro-inflammatory response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana -Maria Raicu, Justin C. Fay, Nicolas Rohner, Julia Zeitlinger, David N. Arnosti
Summary: The fifth biennial symposium on Evolution and Core Processes in Gene Regulation, sponsored by ASBMB, was held at the Stowers Institute in Kansas City, Missouri from July 21 to 24, 2022. The symposium brought together experts in gene regulation and evolutionary biology to discuss topics such as enhancer evolution, the cis-regulatory code, and regulatory variation, with a focus on utilizing deep learning to decipher DNA sequence information.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Amu Gubu, Wenbo Su, Xiaoran Zhao, Xueli Zhang, Xinli Fan, Jing Wang, Qian Wang, Xinjing Tang
Summary: Circular AMOs are designed to effectively inhibit microRNA functions with high target specificity and low off-target effects. Compared with linear AMOs, circular AMOs can more effectively reduce the amount of carcinogenic microRNAs and upregulate expression levels of antitumor proteins.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Priscila Ariane Auler, Marcelo Nogueira do Amaral, Tatiana Rossatto, Rosane Lopez Crizel, Cristini Milech, Fabio Clasen Chaves, Gustavo Maia Souza, Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga
Summary: The study analyzed the response of two rice genotypes to recurrent drought, with results showing that both genotypes reduced stomatal conductance and increased ABA concentration under water deficit conditions. After rehydration, ABA levels decreased, especially in the lowland genotype, and ABA-GE concentration increased. The study indicates that ABA metabolism is altered depending on the genotype and pre-exposure to stress can modify adaptive responses in rice varieties.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Omid Jadidi, Alireza Etminan, Reza Azizi-Nezhad, Asa Ebrahimi, Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh
Summary: In this study, a set of advanced genotypes of barley were evaluated for their response to salinity stress, with G12 and G14 identified as superior salt-tolerant genotypes. Salinity stress increased root and shoot Na+ contents, while decreasing physiological features and biomasses.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mingzhai Yu, Mu Wang, Thondup Gyalpo, Yuzhen Basang
Summary: Hulless barley is a crucial crop in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, but its production is significantly impacted by stem lodging stress due to extreme weather conditions. Through investigating changes in lignin related metabolites and gene expression levels, it was found that lodging resistant genotypes have higher content of lignin intermediate metabolites and a majority of differentially expressed genes are up-regulated in this group, pointing towards a mechanism for high lignin synthesis. The identified candidate structural genes and co-expressed TFs offer valuable molecular tools for molecular breeding programmes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mohammed A. A. Hussein, Mesfer M. Alqahtani, Khairiah M. Alwutayd, Abeer S. Aloufi, Omnia Osama, Enas S. Azab, Mohamed Abdelsattar, Abdallah A. Hassanin, Salah A. Okasha
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the responses of three wheat genotypes to different salinity levels. The results showed that increasing salinity levels had a negative impact on wheat growth and agronomic traits. However, different genotypes exhibited variations in physiological, anatomical, and molecular responses. Among them, the Ismailia genotype showed superior salt tolerance and growth performance.
Article
Agronomy
Devinder Sandhu, Andrew Pallete, Manju V. Pudussery, Kulbhushan K. Grover
Summary: The study evaluated four diverse guar genotypes under salinity conditions, revealing Matador and PI 268229 as salt-tolerant, and PI 340261 and PI 537281 as salt-sensitive. Salt-sensitive lines showed significantly higher leaf Na and Cl concentrations compared to salt-tolerant lines under salinity stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Reza Hejazi, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Mojdeh Maleki, Ezzatollah Sedaghatfar
Summary: This study screened 92 potato genotypes for resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of stem canker disease. The results showed that a few genotypes exhibited resistance. Genetic diversity analysis revealed polymorphism among different potato genotypes, providing potential applications in breeding and disease management.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Neda Sadeghpour, Hossein Ali Asadi-Gharneh, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani, Maryam Golabadi
Summary: This study explores the correlation between antioxidant enzyme activities and total phenol content with FOM 1.2 infection in melons. The results reveal that the activity of defense-related enzymes increases threefold in resistant melon accessions compared to susceptible ones. Biomass growth parameters following inoculation show similar trends to enzyme activity in resistant melon accessions.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatemeh Qalavand, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Jafar Vatandoost, Davood Amin Azarm
Summary: This study analyzed the resistance mechanisms of different wheat cultivars to common root rot disease. It found that the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities is closely related to the resistance of wheat. Additionally, the analysis of genetic structure provided important information for germplasm analysis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Leila Mohammadbagheri, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani, Elham Ghadirzadeh
Summary: This study screened 37 pepper accessions for resistance to root and crown rot and Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsici, and characterized their population genetic diversity. Five accessions showed resistance to root and crown rot with the lowest infection rates. Genetic markers revealed significant genetic variation among the pepper populations, which can be used for genotyping and selecting appropriate breeding strategies against Phytophthora capsici.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maryam Monazzah, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Sattar Tahmasebi Enferadi
Summary: This study analyzed the pathogenicity, genetic diversity, and proteomics of a necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungus affecting potato production. The results showed a high genetic diversity and recombination among the isolates, with no correlation between the groups and geographical origin. Differences in pathogenicity between isolates were explained by differential expression of proteins involved in fungal development, sporulation, carbohydrate and lipid metabolic process, protein modification, and nucleotide metabolic process. The findings of this research provide important insights into the virulence strategies of the fungus and have implications for the development of future fungicides.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
F. Qalavand, M. Nasr-Esfahani, J. Vatandoost, D. A. Azarm
Summary: In wheat, Bipolaris sorokiniana is an important pathogen causing global yield losses. This study screened 33 wheat genotypes and analyzed the expression of candidate defense genes and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The results showed that resistant genotypes had upregulated defense genes and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. This research sheds light on the mechanisms of resistance in wheat cultivars and their simultaneous resistance to multiple diseases.
Article
Plant Sciences
Bita Soheili-Moghaddam, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Sedigheh Mousanejad, Hamed Hassanzadeh-Khankahdani, Houssein Karbalaie-Khiyavie
Summary: Rhizoctonia solani AG-3PT-stem-canker is a devastating disease in potatoes globally. This study explored resistance in potato genotypes to R. solani, analyzing biomass growth parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity. Additionally, gene markers were analyzed using RT-qPCR. Results showed significantly increased enzymatic activity and gene expression in resistant and partially resistant genotypes, correlating with disease severity. Studying the physiological metabolic pathways of antioxidant enzymes activity is important for understanding resistance to R. solani in potatoes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Neda Sadeghpoor, Hosseinali Asadi Gharneh, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani, Maryam Golabadi
Summary: We assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of Iranian melons using 35 primer pairs, including SSR, ISSR, and SRAP markers, along with resistance to melon Fusarium wilt. The results showed high variation among melons when combining ISSR-SSR-SRAP markers. Several markers, including ISSR6, ISSR9, SRAP3, SRAP5, SSR3, and SSR6, performed well in evaluating the genetic diversity of the melon population. The correlation between disease severity and molecular markers was significant, suggesting that increasing the number of molecular markers can be a powerful tool in future agricultural and conservation tasks.
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Marzieh Moatamedi, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Maryam Monazzah, Vachik Gorgy Faridan, Arman Nasr-Esfahani, Elham Ghadirzadeh
Summary: In this study, the reactions of resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars to cereal-cyst-nematode (CCN) infection were investigated. Changes in the expression of gene markers (Cre and PRX groups) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (POX and CAT) were measured to understand the defense responses of wheat against CCN. The findings suggest that the resistant cultivars showed increased expression of Cre3, TaPrx111, and TaPrx112 genes, as well as increased activity of POX and CAT. These results provide additional genetic resources for wheat breeding programs.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Plant Sciences
Neda Sadeghpoor, Hosseinali Asadi Gharneh, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani, Maryam Golabadi
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Giti Alizadeh-Moghaddam, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Zahra Rezayatmand, Mahdi Khozaei
Summary: This study analyzed 35 tomato genotypes for traits, biomass growth parameters, and genetic variation associated with resistance to early blight disease. Significant differences were found in leaf blade width, stem thickness, foliage density, and plant size, which correlated positively with resistance. Negative correlations were observed between mature fruit size, fruit pericarp thickness, leaf type, and resistance. Susceptible tomato seedlings showed reduced biomass parameters. Molecular markers revealed high genetic variability among the tomato genotypes. The combined use of phenotypic and molecular markers is valuable for assessing genetic diversity associated with early blight disease resistance.
Article
Mycology
Reza Hejazi, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Mojdeh Maleki, Ezzatollah Sedaghatfar
Summary: The resistant and susceptible potato genotypes were analyzed using gene and enzyme analysis methods to study their resistance to Rhizoctonia solani. The results showed that resistant genotypes exhibited better characteristics in terms of biomass, gene expression level, and antioxidant enzyme activity.
Article
Mycology
Masoud Mazaheri Tehrani, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Amir Mousavi, Forough Mortezaiinezhad, Mohammad Hosein Azimi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the diversity, genetic relationships, and reaction to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli (FOG) in 26 promising Iris hybrids and their parents. The results showed significant differences in morphological traits between the hybrids and parents. Additionally, the hybrids exhibited high genetic diversity and varied levels of resistance to FOG.
Article
Mycology
Zainab Zolfaghary, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Khoshnood Nourollahi, Hamid Akbarzadeh
Summary: Wheat, an important and strategic crop worldwide, is seriously affected by common root and crown rot disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana. This study confirmed B. sorokiniana as the causal agent of the disease and evaluated the genetic diversity of the isolates using SSR markers. The results provide important insights for preventing and controlling wheat root rot.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani
Summary: The study found that sprinkler and drip irrigation, as well as single and double row planting, have significant effects in reducing potato early blight disease. Delaying planting date and choosing resistant cultivars also effectively reduce disease incidence. Furthermore, the use of low-consumption fungicides is an effective method for controlling potato early blight disease.
ARCHIVES OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY AND PLANT PROTECTION
(2022)